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Biomedical subjects

H Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to H Hayashi.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical analysis of gastrointestinal carcinoids.

Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on ten samples of gastrointestinal carcinoids resected in Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital. All samples showed positive reaction to chromogranin A. Serotonin was detected in 8 samples, somatostatin in 4 samples, gastrin in 2 samples. Glucagon/Glicentin in 1 sample, and PYY production in 2 samples. CEA production was detected in 8 samples, and microvascular invasion was observed in 6 of these 8 patients. The PCNA/cyclin labeling index (L.I.) of the cases with metastases was significantly higher than those without metastases. In conclusion, the expression of CEA and the PCNA/cyclin L.I. may be useful markers of the malignant potential of carcinoid tumors.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

Estimation of anterior infarct size with body surface QRST integral maps in the presence of abnormal ventricular activation sequence in dogs.

The possibility of estimating infarct size with body surface QRST integral (IQRST) maps was investigated in dogs. IQRST maps were constructed from 87-lead body surface ECGs, which were recorded 1 week after the production of anterior myocardial infarction during artificial pacing that simulated normal conduction, left bundle branch block, and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in 11 dogs. Small differences were observed between the IQRST maps of the normal conduction and left bundle branch block models (r = 0.93, root mean square difference = 8.71 mVmsec) and between the normal conduction and Wolff-Parkinson-White models (r = 0.96, root mean square difference = 6.03 mVmsec). Summation of the QRST integral values over the body surface leads (QRST index) inversely correlated with infarct size in all three conductions models: r = 0.91 (p < 0.001) in the normal conduction model; r = -0.81 (p < 0.001) in the left bundle branch block model; and r = -0.86 (p < 0.001) in the Wolff-Parkinson-White model. These results show that IQRST maps permit noninvasive estimation of infarct size, even in the presence of abnormal activation sequences.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Diagnostic value of postexercise systolic blood pressure response for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with or without hypertension.

To evaluate the diagnostic value of the postexercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) response for detecting and evaluating the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), treadmill testing was conducted in 130 subjects with normal blood pressure and 51 patients with hypertension, each of whom underwent selective coronary angiography. A total of 48 subjects with normal blood pressure and 27 patients with hypertension had no significant narrowing of the coronary artery (control subjects), whereas 82 subjects with normal blood pressure and 24 patients with hypertension had significant narrowing (patients with CAD). The postexercise SBP response was defined on the basis of the SBP ratio (i.e., the SBP at 3 minutes of recovery divided by that at peak exercise). An SBP ratio that exceeded 0.90 (cutoff point for discriminating control subjects from patients with CAD) was considered to be an abnormal SBP response. In the subjects with normal blood pressure, the abnormal SBP response identified CAD as accurately as did ST-segment depression. In the patients with hypertension, the diagnostic accuracy was increased significantly by combining the abnormal SBP response and ST-segment depression (p < 0.01). The SBP ratio increased with the number of diseased coronary arteries. Ten of the 14 patients with a narrowing of the left main coronary artery had an SBP ratio higher than 1.00. The postexercise SBP response may be useful for detecting CAD in patients with and without hypertension and for evaluating the severity of CAD.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1993

Comparative study of QRST values from body surface potential mapping, 12-lead ECGs, VCGs in detecting inferior myocardial infarction, and evaluating the severity of left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in simulated left bundle branch block.

The authors compared the ability of QRST time-integral values (QRST values) from body surface potential maps (BSPM), 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs), and Frank lead vectorcardiograms (VCGs) in diagnosing a prior inferior myocardial infarction (MI) in simulated left bundle branch block (LBBB). The study included 32 patients whose digitized ECGs were recorded simultaneously for BSPM, ECGs, and VCGs during normal sinus rhythm and during right ventricular pacing simulating LBBB (18 with and 14 without an inferior MI). QRST values were calculated in each lead point of ECGs. Data on 608 normal subjects were used as controls; mean +/- 2 SD was regarded as the normal range. The following parameters were derived: sigma DM, sigma DE, sigma DV, the sum of the differences between the normal mean QRST value, and the QRST value of a given patient in leads where the QRST value was less than the normal range ("-2 SD area") in BSPM, ECGs, and VCGs (Y lead). The correlation coefficients for sigma DM, sigma DE, and sigma DV between the two activation sequences were highly significant. Sensitivity and specificity were as follows: 89% and 93% for sigma DM > 100 mV.ms, 89% and 93% for sigma DE > 50 mV.ms, and 56% and 100% for sigma DV > 10 mV.ms, respectively. Although sigma DM, sigma DE, and sigma DV were significantly (P < .01) correlated with the asynergy index calculated from left ventriculograms, sigma DM showed the best correlation. QRST values from BSPM, ECGs, and VCGs provide information that is useful in detecting an inferior MI and in estimating the severity of left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in the setting of LBBB. Of the three parameters, BSPM showed the best correlation with the severity of left ventricular wall motion abnormalities.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Correlation between various parameters derived from body surface maps and ejection fraction in patients with anterior myocardial infarction.

To determine the best map parameter to predict cardiac function, various map parameters were correlated with the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) in patients with a previous (between 3 months and 1 year) anterior myocardial infarction, but without overt congestive heart failure or ventricular dyssynergy. From 300 consecutive patients with a previous myocardial infarction, 82 patients with only an anterior infarction and who underwent cardiac catheterization and body surface mapping were selected for this study. The maps from 100 healthy subjects were used as normal controls. Body surface maps using 87 unipolar electrodes were recorded and various parameters were derived from the Q map, the QRS departure maps, the QRS isointegral (IQRS) map, and the QRST isointegral (IQRST) maps. They were compared with the angiographically determined EF. The EF was correlated with nQ (r = -0.72), four parameters derived from the QRS departure map (r ranged from -0.73 to -0.79), two parameters derived from the IQRS map (r = -0.90 and -0.86), and two parameters derived from the IQRST map (r = -0.84 and -0.85). Some parameters derived from body surface maps were found to have a very high correlation with the EF in patients who had a previous anterior myocardial infarction.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1993

Involvement of the frontotemporal lobe and limbic system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: as assessed by serial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

The present paper concerns serial examinations of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 22 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Supranuclear ophthalmoplegia developed in 13 and dementia in 3 patients. The investigations showed gradually progressive atrophy, first in the frontal and anterior temporal lobes then in the precentral gyrus, and later in the postcentral gyrus, anterior part of the cingulate gyrus, corpus callosum and brain stem tegmentum. MRI revealed high intensity signals on T2-weighted images in the precentral and adjacent gyri, frontotemporal white matter and pyramidal tract as well as rarely in the globus pallidus and thalamus. These neuroradiological changes were not related to the duration of the clinical course or to the degree of the motor impairment. These alterations may play a critical role in the supranuclear ophthalmoplegia seen in ALS patients. The dementia of ALS probably reflects involvement of both the frontotemporal lobes and limbic system.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor from a filarial parasite.

To compare the molecular structure of a parasite-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) with host-derived NCFs or other NCFs, molecular cloning of cDNA encoding NCF derived from Dirofilaria immitis adult worm (DiNCF) was performed. A D. immitis cDNA library was screened with an antibody to DiNCF, and one DiNCF cDNA clone (pD-4) was isolated. A fusion protein of pD-4 and gene 10 protein showed significant neutrophil chemotactic activity whereas gene 10 protein itself showed marginal neutrophil chemotactic activity. The total nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that pD-4 was 994 bp long with a 432 bp open leading frame encoding a 143 residue protein. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the natural DiNCF and the deduced amino acid sequence from the cDNA showed that the mature functional protein was comprised of 112 amino acids. Although the deduced amino acid sequence of this protein did not show overall homology to host-derived NCFs or other known proteins, it contained a similar sequence (Met-Phe-Lys) to the known chemotactic peptides. The possibility of the functional epitope of DiNCF is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Isolation of substances from glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum Ait.) inhibiting the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene in bacteria.

Methanol and hot-water extracts of glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum Ait.) inhibited the mutagenic activity of benzo[a]pyrene in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with S9 mix. The methanol extract was fractionated with ether and n-hexane. As the active components, oleanolic and ursolic acids were isolated, which were soluble in ether and insoluble in n-hexane. The hot-water extract was fractionated to water, 60% and 100% methanol fractions. Nuezhenide was isolated from the 60% methanol fraction as the active component.

Antimutagenic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Relation between long-lasting amounts of excitatory amino acid and its neuronal uptake system in cultured cerebellar granule cells under hypoglycemia.

1. Basal release of amino acids (Glu, Gln, Gly and Tau) in cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells was detected at 3 days in vitro (DIV). The amounts of Gln and Gly released increased according to days of culture. Moreover, the amounts of Glu in a glia poor culture of granule cells tended to be higher than those in glia rich cultured cells, while Gln, Gly and Tau concentrations were lower in glia poor cells than in glia rich cells. 2. After depolarization induced by high KCl, amounts of all measured amino acids significantly rose to more than 1.5 times their basal values. The increased values obtained in a glia rich culture of granule cells were higher than those in a glia poor culture of cells throughout all cultured days. 3. Under deprivation of glucose, most concentrations of amino acids in the medium, especially Gln concentration, increased by 50 mM KCl were lower than those seen under normal conditions. Such lesser efflux examined under hypoglycemia was much more clearly recognized in glia rich cultures than in glia poor cultures. However, the amounts of Glu at 10 and 14 DIV, and also Gly and Tau amounts at 10 DIV were significantly higher than those seen in the cultures of glia poor cells under normal conditions. 4. The dosage of 10 microM Glu-induced [Ca2+]i accumulation was inhibited by several different types of Ca antagonists and scopolamine. Meanwhile, the dosages of the tested drugs, except for scopolamine, required for blocking Glu-induced [Ca2+]i accumulation under hypoglycemia were less than those required under normal conditions. These results suggest that neuronal death induced hypoglycemia might be caused by the dysfunction of the neuronal, but not glial, Glu uptake system, and that some Ca antagonists might be useful in preventing the neuronal death caused by hypoglycemia.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1993

Effect of TYB-2285 on histamine release from human basophils in the presence/absence of IL-3.

1. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of TYB-2285 (3,5-bis(acetoxyacetylamino)-4-chlorobenzonitrile) on histamine release from human basophils upon stimulation with anti-IgE in the presence/absence of recombinant interleukin 3 (rIL-3). 2. Histamine release was enhanced by the pretreatment of basophils with rIL-3 (0.3-10 U/ml) in 18 out of 22 subjects. 3. Histamine release in the presence of rIL-3 was inhibited by TYB-2285 and disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) in a dose-dependent manner (1-100 microM). 4. Histamine release in the absence of rIL-3 was not inhibited by TYB-2285 or DSCG at concentrations less than 1 mM. 5. From these results, it is suggested that TYB-2285 and DSCG might regulate allergic inflammation by the suppression of mediator release enhanced by IL-3.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1993

Effect of TYB-2285 on antigen-induced histamine release from mouse bone marrow-derived persisting cells (P-cells) primed with interleukin-3-containing conditioned medium (IL3-CM).

1. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of TYB-2285 [3,5-bis(acetoxyacethylamino)-4-chlorobenzonitrile] on histamine release from persisting cells (P-cells) primed with interleukin-3-containing conditioned medium (IL3-CM). 2. IL3-CM enhanced antigen-induced histamine release from P-cells, although IL3-CM did not affect spontaneous histamine release. 3. TYB-2285 inhibited antigen-induced histamine release in the presence of IL3-CM, although it did not inhibit histamine release in the absence of IL3-CM. 4. The enhancement of histamine release by IL3-CM was reproduced by recombinant IL-3 (1-100 U/ml). 5. These results demonstrate that TYB-2285 inhibits the histamine release primed with IL-3 and also suggests that TYB-2285 might regulate allergic inflammation in vivo by the suppression of mediator release primed with IL-3.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

111In-labeled Mn-metalloporphyrin for tumor imaging.

We synthesized and developed a new tumor imaging agent, 111In-labeled metalloporphyrin (111In-ATN-10) which consists of a carrier (ATN-10) of the tumor imaging possessing both a non-radioactive manganese complex in the porphyrin ring and a bifunctional chelating group (DTPA) attached to its side chain. The images of the three kinds of tumors were delineated more clearly by 111In-ATN-10 than 67Ga-citrate. Moreover, there was no photosensitivity in ATN-10. 111In-ATN-10 is studied as a new tumor positive scintigraphic agent instead of 67Ga-citrate.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma and surgical treatment.

To determine the optimal surgical therapy for patients with pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma (HC), we evaluated findings in ten patients with pedunculated HC among 350 patients with HC who underwent hepatectomy from 1975 to 1991 at Kyushu University Hospital. These patients were classified into three groups: Group I (n = 4) Pedunculated HC with no intrahepatic HC, Group II (n = 2) Pedunculated HC with a single intrahepatic HC, and Group III (n = 4) Pedunculated HC with multiple intrahepatic HC. Patients in group I and II were treated by partial hepatic resections or subsegmentectomies. In two patients there was an intrahepatic recurrence in the same lobe, after radical resection. All patients in group III who underwent palliative resection died within 8 months after surgery. Retrospectively, we favour the view that patients in Groups I or II may have had a better prognosis if lobectomy rather than partial hepatectomies had been done.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Discrepancy between systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

To assess the systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) in relation to age and the severity of impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), we performed M-mode, two-dimensional and pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography in 45 male subjects with DMD aged 8 to 25 years and in 40 age-matched healthy controls. Systolic dysfunction started in the first decade of life, with some patients showing severe systolic dysfunction in their early teens. This dysfunction, however, did not always depend on the severity of the skeletal muscle disease. No patients with DMD showed an increase in peak atrial velocity and time-velocity integrals of the atrial contraction velocity curve, findings frequently reported to precede the abnormalities in many cardiac diseases; it was thought therefore that these patients had no increase in left atrial compensation. Diastolic dysfunction may not routinely precede or accompany the systolic dysfunction in DMD, in contrast with what is reported in patients with ischaemic or hypertensive heart disease. DMD patients usually show a predominant systolic dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The ability of QRST isointegral maps to detect myocardial infarction in the presence of simulated left bundle branch block.

The clinical value of QRST isointegral maps (I-maps) for the detection of myocardial infarction (MI) in the presence of left bundle branch block (LBBB) was investigated. We recorded I-maps during sinus rhythm and right ventricular (RV) pacing, which simulated LBBB, in 62 patients with MI (42 patients had at least one akinetic segment and the remaining 20 patients had only hypokinesis or normal contraction) and 26 patients without MI. An abnormal decrease in the QRST value of the I-map was assessed by the difference map (D-map), which indicated a '-2SD area', where the QRST integral value was less than the lower limit of the normal range (mean -2SD) calculated from 608 normal individuals. The I-maps recorded during the two activation sequences were similar to each other in patients with and without MI (r = 0.87 and 0.92, respectively). The '-2SD area' was located over the left anterior chest in patients with an anterior MI and over the lower torso in patients with an inferior MI during each activation sequence. We were able to diagnose MI during simulated LBBB with a sensitivity of 84%, a specificity of 81% and a diagnostic accuracy of 83% when we used the criterion that MI is present if the sum of QRST integral values below the normal range (sigma DM) exceeds 100 mV.ms. We were able to diagnose an akinesis with a sensitivity of 81%, a specificity of 85% and a diagnostic accuracy of 83% when we used the criterion that akinesis is present if sigma DM exceeds 500 mV.ms during simulated LBBB.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A phase II study of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and 4'-epirubicin in the treatment of advanced solid cancers.

This phase II study was designed to assess the therapeutic potential of intensive course treatment with three anticancer agents: 50 mg of cisplatin on day 1, 40 mg/m2 of epirubicin on day 2, and 250 mg of 5-fluorouracil on days 2 through 5. Drug courses were repeated every 2 weeks and most patients received between 4 and 6 courses. Thirty-five patients with measurable advanced solid cancers entered the study. They consisted of 16 gastric, 5 colorectal, 4 gallbladder, 3 pancreatic, 3 lung, 2 esophageal, 1 uterine, and 1 ovarian cancers. Of the 35 patients, 29 were evaluated for therapeutic effect of the regimen, and the overall response rate was 31.0% (5 CR + 4 PR/29). A 33.3% rate of tumor regression, consisting of 2 complete responses (CR) and 3 partial responses (PR) out of 15 patients (2 CR + 3 PR/15), was seen for gastric cancers. For the other types of tumors the responses were achieved in 2 lung cancers (1 CR + 1 PR/3). 1 uterine cancer (1 CR/1), and 1 ovarian cancer (1 CR/1). The esophageal, colorectal, pancreatic, and gallbladder cancers were unresponsive to this regimen. Toxicities of the drug treatment were clinically tolerable and consisted of general malaise, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, and leucopenia. However, two patients died of uncontrollable metabolic acidosis after 1 and 2 courses, respectively. This intensive course treatment appears to promote the regression of gastric, lung, and gynecologic cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Case report: silent thyroiditis after adrenalectomy in a patient with Cushing's syndrome.

A case of silent thyroiditis after unilateral adrenalectomy for treatment of Cushing's syndrome is reported. The left adrenocortical adenoma was resected. Glucocorticoid was replaced after the operation and was gradually tapered. Thyrotoxic symptoms with painless goiter occurred 9 months after the adrenalectomy when a replacement dose of prednisolone was tapered to 5 mg/d. Plasma-free thyroid hormones increased and thyrotropin was suppressed. Thyroidal uptake of radioactive iodine was extremely low. Both titers of antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies stayed at high levels throughout the observation period from the preoperative stage. Normalization of thyroid functions was obtained 3 months after the onset of thyrotoxicosis with beta-adrenergic blocker alone. It was speculated that exposure to a large amount of endogenous and supplementary exogenous glucocorticoid protected the patient's immune system from autoimmune attack of thyroid antigens and that tapering of the supplementary glucocorticoid caused exacerbation of immune responses, resulting in overt thyroid dysfunction even 9 months after adrenalectomy.

Adrenalectomy↗