Biomedical subjects
H Hawkins
Publications and source records attributed to H Hawkins.
Respiratory failure in malignant histiocytosis.
A 29-yr-old man with a fever of several days duration developed rapidly progressive bilateral lung disease with respiratory failure. An open lung biopsy showed extensive acute lung injury with atypical cells, but was not diagnostic. Subsequent cervical lymph node biopsy was consistent with malignant histiocytosis. There was a brief response to chemotherapy, but respiratory failure progressed. He died 34 days after hospital admission. Autopsy revealed extensive neoplastic involvement of both lungs as well as the spleen, cervical, mediastinal, and upper abdominal lymph nodes. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of malignant histiocytosis presenting primarily in the lung and progressing rapidly to respiratory failure. The possibility that this represents a neoplasm of the pulmonary macrophages is discussed.
Transatlantic discipleship: two American biologists and their German mentor.
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The actions of dopaminergic and noradrenergic antagonists on conditioned avoidance responses in intact and 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.
The actions of various doses of haloperidol, pimozide, clozapine, and phenoxybenzamine were assessed on a conditioned-avoidance response (CAR) in control and 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats, using a pole-climbing device. Haloperidol proved to be the most potent in disrupting the CAR. Pimozide was about 1.6 times less potent, and clozapine and phenoxybenzamine were approximately 52 and 155 times less potent than haloperidol, respectively. Prior treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine slightly enhanced the sensitivity to some of the doses of the DA and NE antagonists. Significantly lower levels of responding, however, were observed only after the highest dose of primozide. Clonidine was not only ineffective in reverting avoidance decrements, but also induced a further decline of the CAR. Apomorphine produced a partial, but significant, reversal of the haloperidol and pimozide-induced depression of conditioned responses. Regarding the clozapine-pretreated animals, a significant antagonism was observed only with the smaller dose of apomorphine. The highest dose induced a further decline of the CAR. The DA agonist was also ineffective in the phenoxybenzamine-injected rats. Amphetamine was effective in antagonizing the avoidance decrements produced by all the CA antagonists. Our results support the suggestion that CAR depends on both DA and NE mechanisms. DA seems to be more significant that NE, however, since the CAR was more depressed when receptors depending on the former neurotransmitter were blocked.
[Role of changes in myocardiocytes in the development of acute heart failure in experimental myocardial infarct].
Some problems of the pathogenesis of the development of acute cardial insufficiency were studied on the material of 2-hour experimental myocardial infarction in dogs. Acute cardial insufficiency developed owing to additional load on the heart (partial stricture of the aorta) after ligation of the posterior circumflex branch of the coronary artery. It was found that 24 hours after the removal of the immediate causes of acute cardiac insufficiency (removal of clamps from the coronary artery and aorta) the symptoms of the contractile weakness of the left heart correlated directly with electron microscopic signs of increased degeneration of intracellular structures and did not depend on the level of energetic processes in cardiomyocytes and the structure and function of sarcolemma. The restoration of the bloodflow in the previously ligated coronary artery for 2 hours did not improve the condition of the cells in the ischemic zone but enhanced reparative processes in the non-ischemized zone of the left ventricle.
Leser-Trélat associated with acute leukemia.
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Improved procedure for production of cytochalasin E and tremorgenic mycotoxins by Aspergillus clavatus.
This report describes an improved procedure for production of cytochalasin E and tremorgens by solid substrate, agitated fermentation of Aspergillus clavatus on pearled barley.
Mineralization of the central nervous system in pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPH).
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Effects of an L-selectin antibody on the pulmonary and systemic manifestations of severe smoke inhalation injuries in sheep.
Sheep were treated with either lymphocyte adhesion molecule (LAM)1-3, an antibody against L-selectin, (40 mg 1 hour before smoke inhalation and 35 mg 24 hours after smoke inhalation; n = 6) or equivalent volumes of 0.9% saline solution (n = 6). After the smoke inhalation injuries, the PaO2/FIO2 ratio declined in both groups until 40 hours after the injuries, when a trend toward improvement was noted in the group that received LAM1-3. Lung lymph flow increased in both groups until 36 hours after the smoke inhalation injuries and then significantly decreased in the group that received LAM1-3. Forty-eight hours after the smoke inhalation injuries, there was a significant decrease in the ratio of wet-dry lung weight and in preservation of the reflection coefficient in the group that received LAM1-3 (P < .05). Histopathologic examination showed no differences between the groups in the pulmonary morphology associated with smoke inhalation. A reduction in splanchnic blood flow was noted in the control group (P < .05); this reduction was attenuated by treatment with LAM1-3. The delayed pulmonary effects and improved splanchnic blood flow suggested that LAM1-3 attenuated the development of a systemically induced secondary lung injury rather than of the primary lung injury associated with smoke inhalation.
Massive intracranial immature teratoma with extracranial extension into oral cavity, nose, and neck.
We present a case of congenital massive intracranial teratoma with extracranial extension into oral cavity, nose, and neck diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonography at 25 weeks of gestation. The fetus was delivered by cesarean section because of massive fetal head size and severe maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension. At necropsy the tumor was found to be an immature teratoma, with no recognizable normal brain tissue. An additional finding was hepatomegaly secondary to extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis. Karyotyping of both the fetus and the teratoma revealed a normal female chromosomal composition: 46,XX.