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Biomedical subjects

H Hatano

Publications and source records attributed to H Hatano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The suppressive effect of intravenous fluconazole against endogenous candida endophthalmitis in rabbits].

The therapeutic effect of intravenous fluconazole against endogenous candida endophthalmitis was investigated in rabbits. Twelve albino rabbits and a candida strain isolated from the human vitreous were used. Endogenous candida endophthalmitis was made by intravenous inoculation of 8 x 10(5) candida albicans spores in rabbits. In the first of two series of experiments, three rabbits out of six were injected intravenously with 5 mg/kg.b.w. of fluconazole at 30 minutes, 1 day and 2 days after inoculation. Another three control rabbits received no medication. The clinical course of the eyes was observed for a week and the viable cell numbers of candida in the eye were counted at 7 days after inoculation. Three rabbits treated with fluconazole developed no ocular lesions and no candida spores whatsoever were isolated from the eyes. In contrast, three rabbits in the control group developed bilateral chorioretinitis and candida albicans was isolated from each of 6 eyes. In the second series, three out of six rabbits were injected intravenously of the same dose of fluconazole as described above for four days starting at 3 days after inoculation, when chorioretinitis was first observed. No medication was given to another three rabbits as a control. All six rabbits in this series developed chorioretinitis similarly and candida spores were isolated from all eyes at 7 days after inoculation. These results show that intravenous fluconazole is effective in the prevention of the endogenous candida endophthalmitis in rabbits but ineffective for these short term therapeutic applications after onset.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A comparison study of SPECT and MRI in remote effects of chronic cerebrovascular disease].

A comparison study of SPECT and MRI was performed to investigate remote effects in 10 patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease. Hypoperfusion in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to supratentorial lesions, the overlying cerebral cortex ipsilateral to subcortical lesions, the thalamus ipsilateral to cortical lesions, and the visual cortex distant to optic radiation lesions was demonstrated using SPECT with 123I-IMP. Although hypoperfusion in these remote areas was considered to be related to irreversible degenerative processes in the chronic phase, MR images did not reveal any abnormalities.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Mercury concentration in gray hair].

Scalp hair sample were collected from 20 gray-haired males and 7 gray-haired females. Two hair samples, one each of dark hair and gray hair, obtained from each individual were selectively analysed for organic and inorganic mercury concentrations. The following finding were made: 1) In both sexes, total and organic mercury concentrations were significantly higher in gray hair than in dark hair but no difference was observed between dark hair and gray hair for the concentration of inorganic mercury. 2) For males, no significant differences between dark hair and gray hair were found for total, organic or inorganic mercury concentrations. On the other hand, gray hair had significantly higher levels of total, organic and inorganic mercury concentrations than dark hair in females. 3) When comparison was made between the sexes, total, organic and inorganic mercury concentrations were significantly higher in males than in females for dark hair. For gray hair, however, significantly higher levels of total and organic mercury concentrations, but not of inorganic mercury concentrations, were found in males. 4) The proportion of inorganic mercury to total mercury was higher in females than in males for both dark and gray hair. It was also higher in gray hair than in dark hair for females.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Experimental portal fibrosis produced by intraportal injection of killed nonpathogenic Escherichia coli in rabbits.

An attempt was made to develop an animal model for the study of the etiology of noncirrhotic portal fibrosis or idiopathic portal hypertension based on the assumption that it is related to chronic abdominal infection. Rabbits were given killed nonpathogenic Escherichia coli intraportally or intravenously. The animals to which a mixture of killed E. coli and rabbit antiserum (aggregated E. coli) was given intraportally developed remarkable histologic changes in the liver. The early inflammatory reactions in the portal area and parenchyma were followed by rapid disappearance of inflammation and development of portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation. Three intraportal challenges with aggregated E. coli were sufficient to produce pronounced portal fibrosis, although there was considerable variation in response among individual animals. This procedure also produced splenomegaly, and in some animals marked portal hypertension. Injection of nonaggregated killed E. coli into the portal vein or aggregated E. coli into the ear vein also caused similar hepatic changes, but they were milder in degree. These histologic changes resemble portal fibrosis seen in idiopathic portal hypertension and, less closely, pericholangitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Halothane hepatotoxicity and reductive metabolism of halothane in acute experimental liver injury in rats.

Reductive metabolism of halothane was measured after acute liver injury induced by galactosamine (1.0 g/kg, IP) in rats. On the seventh day of liver injury, when previously elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels had returned to near normal range, anaerobic release of fluoride from halothane by hepatic microsomes, which appears to reflect the reductive pathway of halothane metabolism, was still remarkably decreased (1.36 +/- 0.56 nmol/mg protein/h vs 5.88 +/- 0.58 in controls, P less than 0.001). In another set of experiments, rats (n = 8) given galactosamine 7 days earlier and saline-treated control rats were given halothane anesthesia (1.0%) under mildly hypoxic conditions (F1O2 0.14). In saline controls, halothane anesthesia resulted in a mild but statistically significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase levels (32 +/- 4 vs 59 +/- 6 U/ml, P less than 0.001). In contrast, serum levels of this enzyme were not changed by halothane anesthesia in galactosamine-treated rats (45 +/- 3 vs 49 +/- 4 U/ml). Although care should be taken in extrapolating the importance of these animal data to humans, the results of this study suggest that halothane hepatotoxicity can be attenuated in the presence of minor liver injury as a result of decreased hepatic biotransformation of the anesthetic. The data support the view that halothane anesthesia is not necessarily contraindicated in subjects with impaired liver function.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1988

Induction of Fc and C3b receptors on rabbit corneal cells by herpes simplex virus.

The expression of receptors for Fc portion (FcR) of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and for a C3b component of complement (C3bR) by herpes simplex virus (HSV) was studied in primary cultures of rabbit corneal cells. Monolayer cultures of epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea were infected with three strains each of type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 HSV (HSV-2). Rosette methods were used to detect receptors by means of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit IgG for FcR and C3b-coated sheep erythrocytes for C3bR. The FcR were expressed regularly on epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells by all three strains of both HSV-1 and HSV-2. The C3bR, however, were expressed only by HSV-1 on epithelial and stromal cells. Little or no C3bR activities could be detected on endothelial cells infected with any strain of HSV-1 or HSV-2. The FcR and C3bR expressed on corneal cells were induced by HSV and were blocked by monoclonal antibody to HSV-1 glycoprotein E(gE) or glycoprotein C(gC) respectively, confirming findings of other investigators that gE acts as FcR and gC as C3bR.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of neuraminidase on Fc and C3b receptors on rabbit corneal cells infected with herpes simplex virus.

The effect of neuraminidase on Fc receptors (FcR) and C3b receptors (C3bR) was studied in epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea infected with type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) in vitro. FcR were induced on epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea by both HSV-1 and HSV-2, but their activities were not enhanced by neuraminidase. On the other hand, the treatment of HSV-infected corneal cells with neuraminidase resulted in the enhancement of C3bR activities on epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells infected with HSV-1, and the enhancing effect of neuraminidase was more pronounced on corneal endothelial cells. A similar neuraminidase treatment had no significant effect on C3bR activities on the corneal cells infected with HSV-2.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of vasopressin on portal hemodynamics in patients with portal hypertension.

In view of the variability in the magnitude of the response of portal venous pressure to vasopressin in man, we investigated the effect of vasopressin on portal hemodynamics in seven patients with portal hypertension by simultaneous catheterization of the portal and the hepatic vein and the measurement of portal venous flow by an echo-Doppler flowmetry. Infusion of vasopressin (0.3 U/min) significantly decreased portal venous pressure (-36%), the gradient between portal venous pressure and free hepatic venous pressure (-50.6%), and portal venous flow (-54.3%) but did not reduce mean arterial pressure and pulse rate. Thus, vasopressin seems to decrease portal venous pressure by reducing portal venous flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate on plasma growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing factor in adult male and female rats.

Female and male rats were treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG; 4 mg/g b. wt.) as neonates and the capability of the pituitary gland to secrete growth hormone (GH) in response to an intravenous injection of human GH-releasing factor (GRF) was evaluated under pentobarbital anesthesia on 109 days of life. Immunoreactive GRF content in the pituitary stalk-median eminence tissue in MSG-treated rats was less than 20% of that of control. A significant dose-dependent plasma GH response was observed after the administration of two doses of human GRF (0.25 and 1 microgram/kg b. wt., i.v.) in both control and MSG-treated rats. The responses between MSG-treated and control rats were comparable in female rats, but they were significantly reduced in male MSG-treated rats. These results show that the pituitary's responsiveness to exogenous GRF is well preserved in MSG-treated rats despite prolonged and severe depletion of endogenous GRF and there exists a sex difference in the effect of MSG on GH secretion elicited by GRF.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Hydrogen exchange kinetics of core peptide protons in Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor.

The hydrogen isotope exchange kinetics of the 10 slowest exchanging resonances in the 1H NMR spectrum of Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor (SSI) have been determined at pH 7-11 and 30-60 degrees C. These resonances are assigned to peptide amide protons in the beta-sheet core that comprises the extensive protein-protein interface of the tightly bound SSI dimer. The core protons are atypical in that their exchange rates are orders of magnitude slower than those for all other SSI protons. When they do exchange at temperatures greater than 50 degrees C, they do so as a set and with a very high temperature coefficient. The pH dependence of the exchange rate constants is also atypical. Exchange rates are approximately first order in hydroxyl ion dependence at pH less than 8.5 and greater than 9.5 and pH independent between pH 8.5 and 9.5. The pH dependence and temperature dependence of the SSI proton exchange rates are interpreted by the two-process model [Woodward, C. K., & Hilton, B. D. (1980) Biophys. J. 32, 561-575]. The results suggest that in the average solution structure of SSI, an unusual mobility of secondary structural elements at the protein surface is, in a sense, compensated by an unusual rigidity and inaccessibility of the beta-sheet core at the dimer interface.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Microbore packed-column anion-exchange liquid chromatography of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

Low-capacity anion-exchange resin was packed into a 45 cm X 0.19 mm I.D. fused-silica tubing and applied to micro-column liquid chromatography of nucleobases, nucleosides and isomers of nucleotides. The effects of the chromatographic conditions on the elution behaviour of these compounds were studied. The efficiency of the microbore packed column was comparable with that of the conventional size column.

Anion Exchange Resins↗
PubMed1985

Transhepatic obliteration of esophageal varices using stainless coils combined with hypertonic glucose and gelfoam.

A total of 63 patients with variceal bleeding were included in this study. Fifty-six attempts at percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration were made using stainless steel coils followed by 50% glucose and Gelfoam in 27 emergency cases, in whom bleeding did not stop by conventional medical treatment; and in 18 elective cases, in whom bleeding did stop by conventional medical treatment. The remaining 18 patients, whose bleeding was controlled by conventional medical treatment, were used as a control for the elective cases (conservative cases). The overall success rate was 93%. In 92% of the 37 acute bleeders, bleeding ceased as soon as the varices were obliterated. In emergency cases, the cumulative variceal rebleeding rate at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after obliteration was 16%, 29%, 34%, 44%, 56%, and 56%, respectively. Its mortality within 1 month after the first bleeding was only 11%. In elective cases, the rebleeding rate at 1, 2, and 12 months was significantly lower; and the survival rate at 1 and 2 months was significantly higher compared with conservative cases. Follow-up portography in 10 active rebleeders and two nonrebleeders demonstrated new vessel formation in six, and recanalization of previously completely occluded varices in two. Complications included transient hemiparesis and partial stenosis of intrahepatic portal branches, but none was fatal. When compared with a conventional treatment, transhepatic variceal obliteration using steel coils followed by 50% glucose and Gelfoam proved to be an effective, safe emergency treatment for variceal hemorrhage. However, since the rebleeding rate was high, this procedure should be followed by an elective operation or other procedures for a lasting prevention of bleeding.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗