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Biomedical subjects

H Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Hashimoto.

At least 1,567 records · Page 87Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of crossing vessels in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction by means of helical CT.

Helical computed tomography (CT) was used to demonstrate the distribution of crossing vessels in patients with ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction for planning surgical management. Twenty patients with symptomatic UPJ obstruction were evaluated with dual-phase contrast material-enhanced helical CT. In addition to axial images, coronal, sagittal, and curved paracoronal images along the crossing vessels or the UPJ were obtained by means of multiplanar reconstruction. Crossing vessels were evaluated according to type, position, and association with UPJ obstruction. Fifteen vessels in 12 of the 20 patients were found to cross the UPJ at helical CT. Nine vessels were arteries and six were veins; seven vessels crossed anteriorly and eight crossed posteriorly. In 11 patients, crossing vessels were thought to be associated with UPJ obstruction at helical CT; retroperitoneoscopic repair was performed, and the diagnosis was found to have been accurate in all except one. In the eight patients in whom no significant vessels were seen and the one patient in whom the crossing vessel was not associated with UPJ obstruction at helical CT, endopyelotomy was performed and UPJ obstruction was relieved, with no complications. Helical CT is useful for evaluation of vessels crossing the UPJ and for planning surgical management.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of probucol on oxidized cholesterol disposition in hyperlipidaemic patients.

Probucol is a cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant drug that has been shown to inhibit or delay the progression of atherosclerosis. This antiatherosclerotic effect may result from the removal of oxidized cholesterol on the surface of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). To investigate whether probucol transfers oxidized cholesterol from LDL to urine, urine samples were obtained from five patients with hypercholesterolaemia treated with 500-mg probucol orally daily and from five healthy controls. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we identified cholesteryl-6-(2,6-di-tertiary butylphenol-4)-thioether (CT) in the urine samples from patients with hypercholesterolaemia but not from healthy controls. This result suggests that probucol is hydrolysed to form 4-mercapto-2,6-di-tertiary butylphenol (MBP) which conjugates with cholesterol-5 alpha, 6 alpha-epoxide, oxidized cholesterol, resulting in the formation of CT in vivo. In addition to its hypolipidaemic and antioxidant actions, probucol may act to prevent atherosclerosis by increasing the urinary excretion of oxidized cholesterol.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial primary pulmonary hypertension--report of two siblings.

Familial primary pulmonary hypertension was found in two siblings (sister and brother). The woman noted exertional dyspnea at the age of 28 yr. The younger brother noticed exertional dyspnea, cough with bloody sputum and pretibial edema at the age of 38 yr. We diagnosed them as primary pulmonary hypertension as based on hemodynamic and histopathological findings. Regardless of the treatment, both patients died of right-sided heart failure with a short time course. We examined their family members, but there were no other members with primary pulmonary hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Marked hypophosphatemia with decreased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma complicating liver cirrhosis.

A 61-year-old male with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating liver cirrhosis presented hypophosphatemia progressing with HCC expansion and serum alpha-fetoprotein elevation. These changes were associated with an increased fractional excretion of phosphate and decreased theoretical phosphate threshold. There was increased nephrogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate despite normal serum parathyroid hormone. Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were markedly reduced with normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. There were no symptoms of osteomalacia, however, a slightly increased osteoid seam was elicited on autopsy. The hypophosphatemia could be explained by presumed secretion from HCC of humoral factors which have a phosphaturic effect and also inhibit 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase in renal tubular cells.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differences of milk-transmitted murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV) among mouse strains.

To clarify the oncological differences of milk-transmitted Murine Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) in various strains, BALB/c mice were foster-nursed on C3H/He, GR, DDD, DDD/1-Mtv-2/Mtv-2 and FM strains and observed for the development and morphology of mammary tumors, followed by testing tumors for pregnancy dependence (PD) after transplantation. MMTV were different in tumorigenicity and morphology and PD of induced tumors among the mouse strains. These differences of MMTV appeared not to be parallel with the difference in specificity of superantigens which are encoded by MMTV on the previous report. Interestingly, host factors influenced the properties of MMTV produced by the same endogenous Mtv gene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoid tumor of the ileum with intestinal obstruction.

An 83 year-old female presenting with intestinal obstruction due to a carcinoid tumor of the small intestine is herein reported. The intra-operative findings revealed a stenotic lesion and ischemic changes of the ileum. A segmental jejunotomy was performed and a submucosal tumor was recognized as a causal lesion. Histopathological investigation demonstrated the features of carcinoid tumor.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of immune complexes in serum from patients with rheumatoid vasculitis on the expression of cell adhesion molecules on polymorphonuclear cells.

OBJECTIVE: Immune complexes (IC) are frequently detected in patients with rheumatoid vasculitis (RV). To explore the pathogenic role of IC in the development of vasculitis among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we examined the effect of IC on the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). METHODS: PMN from healthy volunteers were incubated with the sera from 26 patients with RA including 9 patients with RV, and the expression of CAM on the PMN was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: We found that 67% (6/9) of the serum samples from RV patients and 18% (3/17) of the samples from RA patients without RV revealed up-regulated CD11b expression. On the other hand, 89% (8/9) of the samples from RV patients and 12% (2/17) of the samples from RA patients without RV revealed up-regulated CD18 expression. However, the expression of CD11a was not affected. Up-regulation of CD11b and CD18 on PMN was also induced by the immunoglobulin G (IgG) fraction of the sera of RV patients. Moreover, L-selectin expression on PMN was down-regulated by the sera or IgG of some patients with RV. These changes in CAM expression on PMN induced by IgG of RV patients were not observed when PMN were incubated with the IgG of RV patients from which the IC formed by IgG had been removed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IC formed by IgG in patients with RA are involved in the development of vasculitis by affecting the expression of CAM on PMN.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemophagocytosis in autoimmune disease.

Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is known to be associated with various autoimmune diseases, as well as infection and/or malignancy. Here we review the features of autoimmune-associated HPS and describe the possible role of autoantibodies, especially antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), in HPS based on data obtained from our own patients.

Antibodies, Antiphospholipid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is known to induce several autoimmune abnormalities in mice that resemble those found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, a potential role for CMV in the development and/or progression of SLE has been suggested. In order to further clarify this issue, we reviewed the relationship between SLE and CMV infection on the basis of the clinical and immunological features of cases reported in the literature and our own patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Allergic diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence and immunological considerations.

We attempted to obtain a deeper understanding of the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and allergic diseases through comparative studies. Accordingly, we reviewed the association of both disorders and compared their immunological features based on the literature and our own findings. Recent studies (including ours) have indicated that the risk of IgE-mediated and/or associated allergic diseases is not markedly increased in SLE patients despite their more allergic family history when compared with controls, in contrast with earlier studies. This may be related to a change of the environmental factors contributing to allergy. In addition, assessment of the immunological similarities and differences between SLE and various allergic diseases seems to be useful for understanding the relationship between them.

CD4-CD8 Ratio↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic lupus erythematosus-like autoimmune abnormalities induced by bacterial infection.

Recent evidence has revealed that bacterial DNA can promote several of the autoimmune abnormalities observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and a possible pathogenic role in the induction of SLE has been highlighted. We have recently encountered patients in whom bacterial infection (septicemia) triggered the production of several autoantibodies. This seems to be interesting with respect to the consideration of the relationship between SLE and bacterial infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Possible role of DNA hypomethylation in the induction of SLE: relationship to the transcription of human endogenous retroviruses.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the contribution of DNA methyltransferase activity to the transcription of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), which have been reported to be a plausible causative agent for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time quantitative-PCR (RQ-PCR) were used. RESULTS: Our results indicated that treatment with 5-aza-deoxycytidine (5-aza C), a demethylating agent, increased the transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) for HERV clone 4-1 and decreased mRNA for DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT-1; methylation-regulating enzyme) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from normal individuals. Also, transcription of DNMT-1 mRNA in PBMC from patients with SLE was lower than in cells from normal controls. CONCLUSION: DNA hypomethylation seems to play a significant role in the transcription of HERV clone 4-1 and may be related to the pathogenesis of SLE.

Adult↗