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Biomedical subjects

H Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Hashimoto.

At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma. A clinicopathologic and electron microscopic. Analysis of 8 cases.

This clinicopathologic study concerns 8 cases of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma, including electron-microscopic examination of one case. In three patients, autopsy was done. The age of the patients ranged from 12 to 31 years with a median of 16 years. The tumors mainly arose in the soft tissues of the trunk (4 cases) and the lower extremity (3 cases). Histologically, they were made up of closely packed uniform, small cells, arranged in sheets separated by strands of fibrovascular stroma. The tumor cells had round to oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin and scanty ill-defined cytoplasm almost invariably containing a fair amount of diastase-digested PAS-positive material. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were composed principally of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, and contained prominent pools of glycogen in the cytoplasm. Aggregates of intermediate filaments were seen in a perinuclear location. These light- and electron-microscopic findings are indistinguishable from those of Ewing's sarcoma of the bone. Differential points from other soft-tissue small round cell sarcomas such as malignant neuroepithelioma (peripheral neuroblastoma), embryonal or alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma were briefly discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[A case of eosinophilic cystitis with retroperitoneal neurinoma].

A 63-year-old female visited our department, complaining of miction pain. She had several episodes of urinary occult blood. Urinalysis included a small number of red cells, white cells and bacilli. Physical examination revealed a fist-sized mass of her right flank. Cystoscopic examination showed a botryoid tumor with multiple erythematous raised plaques. Biopsy was reported as massive infiltration of eosinophiles in submucosal layer of the bladder, i.e. eosinophilic cystitis. Antibiotics were effective for the improvement of urine findings and symptoms within a week. IVP and CT revealed the abdominal mass as a retroperitoneal tumor with cystic degeneration, and the tumor was resected. Pathological diagnosis was benign neurinoma. Both eosinophilic cystitis and retroperitoneal neurinoma are rare, and the concurrent occurrence of these two diseases has not been reported. Recent studies have suggested that eosinophilic cystitis may occur more frequently than suspected, and may be overlooked clinically and microscopically. This uncommon form of cystitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis especially when the patient has unexplained episodes of bladder symptoms and hematuria.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1984

Hepatocellular carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells.

A case of dedifferentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells resembling those of giant cell tumor of bone is presented. The clinicopathologic findings are described, and the literature concerning this type tumor is reviewed. The tumor differed histologically from a pleomorphic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma in that there were numerous osteoclast-like giant cells with numerous, small, uniform, benign-appearing nuclei. To the knowledge of the authors, there has been only one report of this type of tumor arising in the liver. The tumor contained a separate area of a histologically conventional hepatocellular carcinoma, in addition to the above giant cell areas.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1984

Angioleiomyoma. A clinicopathologic reappraisal of 562 cases.

Five hundred sixty-two cases of angioleiomyoma in our files on soft tissues were reappraised clinicopathologically. There was a preponderance in females with a ratio of 1.7:1. The angioleiomyoma could be separated into three histologic subtypes: capillary or solid (374 cases), cavernous (61 cases), and venous (127 cases) types. Five hundred (89%) occurrences were in the extremities, 48 in the head, and only 14 in the trunk. The tumors caused pain and/or tenderness in 327 cases, in which 262 were of the solid type. In 16 cases, small groups of mature fat cells were demonstrated within the tumor, suggesting the hamartomatous nature of these smooth muscle tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The thin glomerular basement membrane in children with haematuria.

To determine the specificity and significance of widespread attenuation of the glomerular basement membrane on electron microscopy, 240 renal biopsies from 218 children were studied retrospectively. Twenty-three patients showed diffuse attenuation and three of them are cases of hereditary nephritis. The other 20 patients are characterized by persistent microscopic haematuria, absence of proteinuria, normal blood pressure and renal function, and minimal glomerular changes. In 10 of these 20 children, microscopic haematuria was also present in the family. We conclude that widespread attenuation of the glomerular basement membrane is a characteristic of benign familial and non-familial haematuria. The thin glomerular basement membrane may be responsible for the haematuria and may result from incomplete glomerular maturation.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1984

Regulation of expression of the galactose gene cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. II. The isolation and dosage effect of the regulatory gene GAL80.

The galactose analogue 2-deoxygalactose was found to inhibit the growth of a mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae constitutively producing the set of galactose utilization enzymes. Based on this fact, the yeast GAL80 gene negatively regulating the expression of the genes encoding those enzymes was isolated for its ability to confer 2-deoxygalactose resistance on a strain carrying a recessive mutation in that gene. The GAL80 gene was located within a 3.0 kb fragment in the cloned DNA. When the isolated gene was incorporated into a multi-copy plasmid, the induced level of three enzymes encoded by the gene cluster GAL7-GAL10-GAL1 in the host chromosome was lowered. Such a gene dosage effect of GAL80 was further pronounced if sucrose, a sugar causing catabolite repression, was added to the growth medium. The ratio of the enzyme activity of the yeast bearing multiple copies of GAL80 to that of the yeast bearing its single copy significantly varied with the enzyme. From these results we suggest that the intracellular inducer interacts with the GAL80 product and that GAL80 molecules directly bind the GAL cluster genes with an affinity different from one gene to another.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1984

S-100 protein distribution in liposarcoma. An immunoperoxidase study with special reference to the distinction of liposarcoma from myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

The presence and distribution of S-100 protein were studied in 63 cases of liposarcoma and 20 cases of myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), using the immunoperoxidase technique. Normal adipose tissue and benign lipomatous tumours were also studied by the same technique, for purposes of comparison. In all liposarcomas, most of the adipocytes and vacuolated lipoblasts were positive for S-100 protein, although the tumour cells in non-lipogenic areas of dedifferentiated liposarcoma and the non-vacuolated giant cells with a deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm in the pleomorphic liposarcomas were devoid of S-100 protein immunoreaction products. One third of the myxoid type liposarcomas contained numerous immunoreactive, immature-appearing spindle or oval cells, reminiscent of the primitive fat organs of white adipose tissue. Conversely, none of the myxoid MFHs contained S-100 protein in the tumour cells, including the irregularly vacuolated ones. These results suggests that the immunohistochemical demonstration of S-100 protein is a useful diagnostic tool, particularly for the assessment of vacuolated tumour cells and for the diagnosis of myxoid tumours.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Effects of the ventricular premature beat on the alternation of the repolarization phase in ischemic myocardium during acute coronary occlusion in dogs.

Effects of ventricular premature beats (VPB) on the alternans of the ST segment (ST alternans, STA) in the epicardial ECG and of the monophasic action potential (MAP) were examined during acute coronary occlusion in dogs. When STA was recorded simultaneously from four different points it was discordant in most cases. The discordant STA was accompanied by discordant alternation of the repolarization phase of MAP. A VPB transformed the discordant alternans into a concordant one and potentiated the degree of alternans. Transient prolongation or shortening of the cycle length showed effects similar to those of the VPB. The concordant alternans which was transformed from a discordant one by a VPB was not remarkably potentiated by a VPB, or by prolongation or shortening of the cycle length. It is possible that the transformation of the discordant alternans into a concordant one may contribute to the potentiation of STA by a VPB, and that the effects of VPB are due to the effects of the compensatory pause as well as the short cycle length associated with the VPB.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Potentiating effects of a ventricular premature beat on the alternation of the ST-T complex of epicardial electrograms and the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias during acute coronary occlusion in dogs.

A relation between ST-T alternans (STTA) and incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) was examined, and the effects of a premature beat on these were tested during acute coronary occlusion in dogs. Epicardial unipolar electrograms, epicardial and endocardial bipolar electrograms and monophasic action potentials were recorded during coronary occlusion. During the period of STTA, a remarkably late conduction and its alternation were also observed in ischemic areas. The more serious delay appeared during the negative deflection of the ST-T complex. VA followed mainly the negative deflection of the ST-T complex. The first premature activation appeared in either ischemic areas or the border areas. A ventricular premature beat (VPB) which occurred spontaneously or was produced by an electrical stimulation potentiated STTA, and additional VA frequently followed the negative deflection of the ST-T complex of the second sinus beat after the VPB. A VPB pronounced the conduction delay during the second sinus beat. The discordant STTA became concordant after the VPB. The duration of a monophasic action potential of the second sinus beat after the VPB in mildly ischemic areas decreased. These changes and enhanced STTA may contribute to the occurrence of the additional VA.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Malignant "triton" tumors: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of nine cases.

Nine cases of malignant "triton" tumors, based on the coexistence of rhabdomyoblasts and Schwann cell elements, were analyzed clinicopathologically and immunocytochemically. All tumors were stained for myoglobin and S-100 protein by the immunoperoxidase technique. Six of the nine patients were in the third or fourth decade of life. Six cases were associated with von Recklinghausen's disease, and the tumors in two cases grew along nerve trunks. The malignant tumors showed a predilection for the thigh and buttock. Six of the seven deaths occurred within two years of the initial treatments. Strongly positive staining for S-100 protein was observed in three tumors, with transitional zones between the sarcomas and peripheral neurofibroma-like areas, as well as in two tumors composed predominantly of rhabdomyoblastic elements. In four other cases the tumors were only weakly positive for protein S-100. Intracytoplasmic myoglobin was present in all cases. Tumors composed predominantly of rhabdomyosarcomatous elements occurred in four patients, including two children with von Recklinghausen's disease. These results, considered with other findings, suggest that malignant "triton" tumors may not be as rare as previously believed.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas.

Based on a review of 752 cases coded as soft tissue sarcomas, histologic features were analyzed for a differential diagnosis, dividing the sarcomas in the first diagnostic step into purely descriptive groups, regardless of biologic behavior: spindle cell, small cell, pleomorphic and myxoid varieties. The tumor categories mainly discussed in order were fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, synovial sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant neuroepithelioma , extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma, and myxoid and other types of liposarcoma. The discussion was focused on the problems we were facing often in the histologic diagnosis of these tumors, emphasizing in particular those microscopic features which were helpful in differential diagnosis. Principal clinical features, important for an accurate diagnosis, were added to the histopathologic considerations in each item, together with prognosis of all these Japanese patients, regardless of the stages. Other benign and malignant lesions confused occasionally with the soft tissue sarcomas were also listed. With the aid of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry, sometimes each differentiating feature can be identified but these methods are not always contributory to a diagnosis. Routine light microscopy with or without standard histochemical techniques remains essential to avoid pitfalls when attempting to diagnose the tumor.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1984

Amosulalol, a combined alpha and beta adrenoceptor antagonist: kinetics after intravenous and oral doses.

Amosulalol kinetic studies were conducted in seven subjects who received 0.16 mg/kg iv and in 18 subjects who received 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 150 mg by mouth. Plasma levels of amosulalol after intravenous dosing declined biphasically and fitted a two-compartment model. Kinetics were as follows: coefficients A = 0.85 +/- 0.09 microgram/ml and B = 0.22 +/- 0.01 microgram/ml; rate constants alpha = 2.78 +/- 0.24 hr-1 and beta = 0.25 +/- 0.01 hr-1; elimination rate constants, k12 = 1.36 +/- 0.17 hr-1, k21 = 0.78 +/- 0.06 hr-1, and kel = 0.88 +/- 0.06 hr-1; terminal phase volume of distribution = 0.75 +/- 0.06 l/kg; clearance = 8.09 +/- 0.54 l/hr; AUC = 1.22 +/- 0.09 microgram . hr/ml; and t1/2 alpha = 0.26 +/- 0.02 hr and t1/2 beta = 2.8 +/- 0.1 hr. After single oral doses, amosulalol peak plasma levels were generally reached within 2 to 4 hr. Maximum plasma concentrations and AUC increased in a dose-dependent manner, whereas t1/2 were about 5 hr (range 4.4 to 5.7 hr) at each dose. Systemic availability of amosulalol was about 100% as determined by the ratio of AUC after oral and intravenous dosing. These results suggest that amosulalol is well absorbed and is little affected by first-pass metabolism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Hemolysin of Streptococcus faecalis subspecies zymogenes contributes to virulence in mice.

The conjugative plasmid pAD1 (56.7 kilobases) in Streptococcus faecalis confers hemolysin-bacteriocin (Hly-Bcn) expression and a mating response to the sex pheromone cAD1 excreted by recipient cells. We examined the contribution of hemolysin to pathogenicity in intraperitoneally infected mice by using Tn916 and Tn917 insertion mutants altered in hemolysin expression. Strains exhibiting the normal hemolysin phenotype were significantly more virulent than the nonhemolytic insertion mutants. A mutant plasmid with an increased copy number which gave rise to a larger-than-normal zone of hemolysis on blood agar rendered host strains more virulent than the wild-type streptococci in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Nodular fasciitis: an analysis of 250 patients.

A clinicopathological analysis was made of data from 250 cases of nodular fasciitis. These benign nodules usually occurred in young and middle-aged adults in the 4th and 5th decades, most often in the forearm (27%) followed by the thigh (17%) and the upper arm (12%), and grew rather rapidly to reach a mean diameter of 1.5 cm, usually with slight tenderness. Lesions in nodular fasciitis could be separated into 3 types based on a range of histological features, modified from those of Price et al.: myxoid, cellular and fibrous. This subgrouping seemed to cover adequately the spectrum of histological appearances observed in nodular fasciitis. It was roughly correlated with the duration of the nodule. The mitotically active myxoid form tended to have the shortest history, the fibrous the longest, while that of the cellular group was of intermediate duration.

Adolescent↗