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Biomedical subjects

H Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Hashimoto.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Electrophysiologic effects of nitrous oxide, a volatile anesthetic, in dogs following myocardial infarction in comparison with other anesthetics.

The present study was undertaken to examine the electrophysiologic effects of nitrous oxide in the dog heart after inducing myocardial infarction, and to compare these with those of other anesthetics. Myocardial infarction was produced by two-stage ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in dogs. Seven days after ligation, bipolar electrodes were sutured on the ventricular surface of the infarcted and normal regions for applying electrical stimulation or recording ventricular activation. Ventricular activation time and QT interval on the bipolar electrocardiogram and PQ interval from the standard limb lead II were measured during atrial pacing. Nitrous oxide 80% did not significantly prolong ventricular activation time, PQ interval or QT interval. However, halothane 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), thiopental 5 and 10 mg/kg and fentanyl 30 microg/kg did prolong ventricular activation time; thiopental and fentanyl prolonged the QT interval. Nitrous oxide did not potentiate the effects of fentanyl. Therefore, electrophysiologic effects of nitrous oxide are much weaker compared with those of thiopental, fentanyl or halothane.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptor mRNA in the rat adrenal gland: localization by in situ hybridization and identification of splice variants.

The distribution of mRNA for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor (PACAP-R) was examined by in situ hybridization in rat adrenal gland. In the adrenal medulla, PACAP-R mRNA was expressed in almost all chromaffin cells without any significant expression in the cortical region. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed the mRNA expression of PACAP-R splice variant forms in the adrenal gland. The predominant forms observed were the variant having a 28-amino acid insert in the third intracellular loop (termed PACAP-R-hop1). As PACAP is localized in the noradrenaline secreting cells of the adrenal chromaffin cells, and stimulates catecholamine release, the present results suggest that PACAP may serve as a paracrine or autocrine regulatory factor for the chromaffin cells through PACAP-R.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1997

An established hybridoma clone producing a monoclonal antibody against Vibrio anguillarum.

Vibrio anguillarum is a pathogenic microorganism of vibriosis, an infectious disease found in various fish species. A mouse hybridoma clone, named C5, that produced a monoclonal antibody to V. anguillarum was established. The specific reaction of C5 antibody with V. anguillarum was confirmed by the pre-adsorption effect of the V. anguillarum cells in ELISA and a cell immunoprecipitation experiment. Western blotting analysis indicated that the C5 antibody recognized a high molecular weight substance extracted from cells with detergents.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Talc and amosite/crocidolite preferentially deposited in the lungs of nonoccupational female lung cancer cases in urban areas of Japan.

To analyze the correlation between asbestos lung burden and lung cancer, lungs of 211 female cases with and without lung cancer were examined. Phase-contrast microscopic (PCM) counting of ferruginous (FBs) and uncoated fibers (UFs), which had length longer than 5 microns and aspect ratios greater than 3:1, revealed a significantly higher level of FBs plus UFs in urban lung cancer cases than urban non-lung cancer cases (1380.5 vs. 550.3; p < 0.001). No difference was noted between rural lung cancer and non-lung cancer cases. Analytical electron microscopic studies identified various kinds of mineral fibers with an aspect ratio greater than 3:1 in the lung tissue including chrysotile, actinolite/tremolite, amosite/crocidolite, fibrous talc, mica, silica, iron, wollastonite, chlorite, kaoline, and others. The most frequently detected fibers were thin, short chrysotile fibers, most of which could not be found by PCM, followed by relatively thick, long actinolite/tremolite fibers, fibrous talc, and in a smaller number, amosite/crocidolite of intermediate length and width. Amosite/crocidolite and fibrous talc counts in urban lung cancer cases were greater than those of urban non-lung cancer cases, rural lung cancer, and rural non-lung cancer cases; these findings were consistent with PCM analysis. Therefore, it is suggested that fibers detected in PCM observation may be mainly amosite/crocidolite with some parts fibrous talc and that fibrous talc in urban environments may be another candidate for carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic factors of female lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effects of chronic treatment with carvedilol on smooth muscle tone and endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Effects of chronic treatment of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) with carvedilol, an agent which has both alpha and beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions, on spontaneous muscle tone and on structural and functional abnormalities of endothelium were studied. The treatment of SHRSP with the drug of the dose of 30 to 200 mg/kg/day lowered the blood pressure significantly. Spontaneous muscle tone in endothelium-removed preparation disappeared by the treatment. Noradrenaline-induced contraction was depressed by the treatment in endothelium intact preparation but not in endothelium removed preparation. The treatment prevented the structural and functional abnormalities of endothelium. Similar results were obtained by the treatment with propranolol. These results indicate that carvedilol prevented abnormal contraction of SHRSP aorta through protective effects on smooth muscle and endothelium. These effects may play roles in blood pressure lowering effect of carvedilol.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1997

Fetal cavernous angioma--case report.

A neonate male who developed cavernous angioma was born with a severe intraventricular hemorrhage and intraparenchymal hemorrhage in the basal ganglia. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large, non-enhanced hematoma that packed the lateral ventricle. Surgery on the 2nd day of life verified a cavernous angioma associated with minimal hemosiderin and gliosis. Fetal cavernous angiomas, unlike such malformations in other age groups, can present with a devastating hemorrhage because of the lack of gliosis in the surrounding brain.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1997

Recurrent Lhermitte-Duclos disease--case report.

A 43-year-old male presented with recurrent Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), a rare pathological entity of the cerebellum of which the etiology is still controversial. He had undergone subtotal removal of a cerebellar lesion, misdiagnosed as a benign astrocytoma, 8 years previously. Subtotal removal of the recurrent tumor completely resolved the presenting symptoms. Recurrence of LDD is not as rare as generally assumed. Patients with LDD require long-term observation even when the initial treatment appeared curative.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A case of reactive arthritis fallen after shigellosis infection].

A 25-year-old woman was admitted for general arthralgia in July, 1989. Reactive arthritis with arthralgia after Shigellosis was diagnosed by sex, localization of arthralgia and positive for HLA-B 27. Within 3 weeks after starting diclifenac sodium 75 mg/day, the arthralgia remitted. It has been reported that patients who are positive for HLA-B 27 have a more severe acute or chronic sacroiliitis, and our case may support this report.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Relapsing polychondritis: a case with respiratory failure].

A 48-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with respiratory failure (Hugh-Jones IV-V). She was diagnosed as relapsing polychondritis 6 years ago. Her respiratory failure was due to pharyngial stenosis, deformity and inflammation of a trachea and lobar bronchus, and bronchial collapse. Her tracheobronchochondritis was managed by 500-700 mg/day of hydrocortisone and 50 mg/day of cyclophosphamide. Laboratory examination revealed only slight elevation of CRP and no elevation of anti-type II collagen antibody, although these parameters were very high on her first admission when she had severe polyarthritis, polychondritis of nose and auricles. Bronchoscopic findings were compatible with tracheobronchomalacia since pharyngial stenosis due to inflammatory pharyngitis and bronchial collapse due to tracheobronchochondritis were shown without lung parenchymal damage. We referred to the literature on tracheobronchomalacia which was associated by the varieties of respiratory and rheumatic diseases.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[The relation between IgG subclasses and clinical manifestations in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus].

The levels of IgG subclasses were determined in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The levels of all IgG subclasses in these patients were higher than normal controls. However, there were variations in the increase of IgG subclasses, especially IgG 1 or IgG 2. As concerning the relation to the clinical findings, the levels of IgG 1 significantly increased in patients with renal involvements and those of IgG 3 increased in patients with low complements. Thus, it was suggested that some IgG subclass related to some clinical findings.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Three-dimensional distribution of extracellular matrix in the mouse small intestinal villi. Laminin and tenascin.

To investigate the three-dimensional distribution of laminin and tenascin in the villi of the mouse small intestine, we designed a new tissue preparation procedure for confocal laser scanning microscopy. Fixed tissue was pretreated with sodium deoxycholate and immunostained. The specimens displayed intense immunofluorescence even in the deeper sites of the lamina propria. Laminin was distributed like a sheet in the basement membrane of the epithelium as well as that of the capillaries. Additionally, it was associated with some tubular structures in the lamina propria. Many pores were found in the laminin sheet. By comparison, tenascin was distributed at the epithelial basement membrane and in the underlying connective tissue exhibiting a striped pattern. Tenascin was observed wrapping around the capillary wall in a spiral but was absent at the tip of the villi except in the capillary wall. Pores in the staining pattern of tenascin were also found as was the case for laminin. This three-dimensional reconstruction made it possible to observe more clearly the localization of these two extracellular matrix molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Subsets of activated T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: the relation to cell cycle.

The correlation among the various markers of activated T cells (soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R), HLA-DR+ and HLA-DP+ T cells, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive lymphocytes) were examined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and related to the cell cycle. The concentration of sIL-2R and the proportion of HLA-DR+ T cells, HLA-DP+ T cells or PCNA+ lymphocytes were increased significantly as compared to that in normal subjects. And, the concentrations of sIL-2R correlated with the proportions of PCNA+ lymphocytes, but not with the proportions of HLA-DR+ T cells, HLA-DP+ T cells. The correlation between sIL-2R and PCNA+ lymphocytes was attributed to both indicators being increased during the G1B or S phase in normal T cells upon stimulation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Upon cell cycle analysis it was learned that activated T cells could be found in the G1A and the S phases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in systemic lupus erythematosus. The relationship with anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant.

Recent reports have indicated that nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is related to anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and/or lupus anticoagulant (LA). We describe a patient with SLE complicated by NRH, who did not show neither aCL nor LA activity. This case suggests that the pathogenesis of NRH in patients with autoimmune diseases is heterogeneous and not confined to aCL and LA.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera of patients with malignant lymphoma.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with malignant lymphoma (ML). Twenty-one of 27 patients with ML had PCNA expressing PBMC (5.25+/-4.75% cells), which tended to increase in the advanced clinical stage of ML. PCNA in PBMC extracts was detected in 11 of 16 patients (54.5+/-41.9 ng/ml). The percentage of PCNA-positive cells correlated significantly with the concentration of PCNA in PBMC extracts (P < 0.005). Serum PCNA was detected in 6 of 16 patients (160.1+/-141.1 ng/ml), but did not correlate with the number of PCNA-positive cells. In some cases, the concentration of serum PCNA increased after chemotherapy while the percent PCNA-positive cells decreased. Our finding indicate that detection of PCNA in PBMC appears to help monitoring the extent of disease in ML and the serum PCNA level may be used in therapeutic studies of lymphoma patients.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1997

[Autopsy findings of gastric mucosa from elderly people without gastric disease].

Results of pathological studies of surgical specimens have led to widespread acceptance of the belief that with aging the gastric mucosa gradually becomes atrophic and the incidence of intestinal metaplasia increases. To distinguish natural age-related changes in the incidence of fundic gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia from changes related to disease, we studied stomachs removed at autopsy from 187 people who had had no gastric diseases and were over 60 years old at the time of death (27 were over 100 years old). The autopsies were performed at Tokyo metropolitan geriatric hospital. None of the stomachs had circumscribed gastric lesions, and those found to have cancer or ulcer were excluded. Age at the time of death was not associated with the incidence of fundic gland atrophy or of intestinal metaplasia. Thus, the incidences of fundic gland atrophy and of intestinal metaplasia in elderly people were much lower than those found in studies of surgical specimens. In addition, the incidences of fundic gland atrophy and of intestinal metaplasia did not differ significantly between the sexes, regardless of age.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Malignant tumors in a Japanese geriatric hospital].

We studied the cases of 909 patients with malignant tumors (497 men and 412 women) who were admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital from April 1994 to July 1995. The mean age was 78.6 years (range: 60 to 103 years). The most common tumors were gastric cancer, colo-rectal cancer, and lung cancer. However, the most common tumors in those who died (n = 263) were gastric cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer. In 425, abnormalities were found during routine health checks or incidental laboratory examinations, while the patients were asymptomatic. On the first admission, 23.4% were found distant metastases. The rate of complications with other diseases was 82.3%. About one third (31.2%) were informed of their situation, and 18.5% had not received any treatment for their malignancies. In 63%, performance status at the time of discharge was the same as that measured on admission or better.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Parkinsonism and postoperative complications in the elderly].

The risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality in elderly patients with Parkinsonism after gastrointestinal surgery were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses in comparison to those of patients with cerebrovascular disease and to those of patients with no comorbid condition. Data were obtained on 36 patients with Parkinsonism (PK), 77 with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and 120 with no comorbid condition (ND). All data were adjusted for age, sex and operative procedure. The postoperative morbidity rate was highest in the PK group (77.8%), followed by the CVD group (70.1%), and both differed significantly from the rate of the ND group (32.5%). Gastrointestinal and pulmonary complications and delirium were the major postoperative complications, and were significantly more common in the PK group than in the ND group. Patients in the PK group had the longest postoperative hospital stay, followed by those in the CVD and ND groups; the differences were significant between the PK and ND groups and between CVD and ND groups. The PK group had the highest operative and hospital mortality rates, and they differed significantly from the ND group. Hayashi's second method of quantification was used to assess the risk factors for postoperative death. The highest partial correlation coefficient was that found for postoperative pulmonary complication. We conclude that we should pay close attention to postoperative respiratory management, particularly in elderly patients with Parkinsonism, to prevent pulmonary complications and reduce postoperative mortality.

Aged↗