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Biomedical subjects

H Hartmann

Publications and source records attributed to H Hartmann.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

In vivo metabolic activity of des-(B26-B30)-insulin-B25-amide and related analogues in the rat.

Metabolic potency of des-(B26-B30)-insulin-B25-amide, [TyrB25]des- (B26-B30)-insulin-B25-amide and [HisB25]des-(B26-B30)-insulin-B25-amide was studied in anaesthetized rats. Compared to insulin, full potency for des-(B26-B30)-insulin-B25-amide and an enhanced potency for both substituted analogues has been described previously on rat adipocytes in vitro. Hypoglycaemic effects following i.v. injection of all of these analogues were almost identical to those of native insulin with a half-maximal effective dose of approximately 3 nmol.kg-1. Stimulation of glucose metabolism during euglycaemic hyperinsulin-/analogueaemic clamp studies was indistinguishable from that of the native hormone with a maximal stimulation of approximately 19 mg.kg-1.min-1 and half-maximal effective hormone concentrations of approximately 1 pmol.ml-1. Analogue action on individual peripheral tissues estimated by the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose as well as stimulation of lipogenesis in epididymal fat was not different to that of insulin. These data demonstrate that C-terminal amidation of des-(B26-B30)-insulin results in a shortened molecule with full in vivo metabolic potency. When substituting phenylalanine in position B25 by tyrosine or histidine, the insulin-identical potency is preserved.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Social interaction with autistic children: an approach to disorder-specific, therapy-oriented diagnosis].

Assessment and intervention is a great challenge in working with autistic children. The problems of assessment can be described as a function of the autism-specific developmental problem of decontextualization. The problems of psychological intervention as a related problem of generalization. To control both problems in the social interaction with autistic children one is called to create and videotape situations of social interaction. One can create units of observation on the basis of development psychology studies. Those units are derived from the three main aspects of social interaction, the interactional situation, the interactional style and the interaction behavior. The audio-visuell taping and videoanalysis of many such interactions-sequences at the beginning, in the course and at the end of the intervention process make it possible to control the problems of intervention planning, finetuning and effectiveness.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1990

[Rates of resistance of mastitis pathogens from cows in Switzerland].

1215 strains of bacteria isolated from cows suffering from acute or chronic clinic mastitis were tested in the antibiogram according to the Kirby-Bauer method. The germ spectrum included: 304 DNase-positive strains of Staphylococci 304 DNase-negative strains of Staphylococci 304 CAMP-negative strains of Streptococci 303 Strains of Enterobacteriaceae The antibiotics selected were Penicillin, Cloxacillin, Neomycin und Gentamicin, then the combinations Penicillin/Neomycin, Cloxacillin/Gentamicin and Nafcillin/Penicillin/Dihydrostreptomycin. Gentamicin showed excellent action against Staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae. Further on, the present investigations show, that the combination Cloxacillin/Gentamicin is fully effective in the gram-positive spectrum (against Streptococci and Staphylococci), as in the gram-negative spectrum (against E. coli).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Ca2+-independent F-actin capping proteins. Cap 32/34, a capping protein from Dictyostelium discoideum, does not share sequence homologies with known actin-binding proteins.

Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against purified 32/34-kDa F-actin-capping protein from Dictyostelium discoideum were generated and used to isolate clones coding for both subunits from a lambda gt11 expression library. In addition genomic clones were isolated for the 34-kDa subunit. The sequences of the corresponding inserts were determined and the amino acid sequences of the proteins deduced. The amino acid sequences have been confirmed by sequencing tryptic peptides of both subunits. As judged from immunological data and sequence comparison, the subunits are completely different. Each of them is encoded by a single copy gene. The mRNAs are present throughout all stages of development. Severing proteins, which exert also capping activity, show no sequence similarity with the cap 32/34-kDa protein. However, a pronounced homology between the 32-kDa subunit and a hypothetical yeast protein was found indicating the presence of a protein homologous to the 32-kDa subunit of the D. discoideum capping protein in yeast.

Actin Depolymerizing Factors↗
PubMed1989

Biological activity of des-(B26-B30)-insulinamide and related analogues in rat hepatocyte cultures.

Short-term and long-term biological activities were studied in adult rat hepatocytes cultured in the presence of the insulin analogues des-(B26-B30)-insulinamide, [TyrB25]des-(B26-B30)-insulinamide and [HisB25]des-(B26-B30)-insulinamide. When compared to insulin, full potency of des-(B26-B30)-insulinamide has been reported in rat adipocytes and an enhanced potency has been reported for the other analogues. Steady state binding characteristics of the analogues to hepatocytes were indistinguishable from those of native insulin with half-maximal binding occurring at concentrations of about 0.8 nmol/l. Half-maximal effects for the stimulation of glycolysis and inhibition of basal and glucagon-activated glycogenolysis required identical concentrations for insulin and all 3 analogues. Induction of the key glycolytic enzymes glucokinase and pyruvate kinase as well as the inhibition of glucagon-dependent induction of phosphenolpyruvate carboxy-kinase also required identical concentrations of insulin and the 3 analogues. These data confirm that in cultured hepatocytes the C-terminal amidation of des-(B26-B30)-insulin results in a molecule with full in vitro potency. In contrast to data obtained in adipocytes, the des-(B26-B30)-insulin-amidated analogues with tyrosine or histidine substitutions at position B25 are equally as potent as native insulin in eliciting biological responses in rat hepatocyte culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of chondroitin polysulphate.

Three chondroitin sulphates and five chondroitin polysulphates, with molecular weights ranging from 3000 to 30,000 daltons, were evaluated applying the MT-4 cell-culture assay for inhibition of HIV-1 replication. These results were compared with those obtained with compounds of known in vitro antiretroviral activity, namely, dermatan sulphate, heparin, dextran sulphate, pentosan polysulphate, zidovudine (AZT) and suramin. Chondroitin polysulphate with a molecular weight (MW) of 9000 daltons (CPS 9000) was the most effective polyanionic compound studied. In contrast with zidovudine, this CPS 9000 was not toxic for MT-4 cells up to a concentration of 500 micrograms/ml. Moreover, CPS 9000 is highly specific for inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

Experimental infection of rhesus monkeys with SIV isolated from African green monkeys.

To establish an animal model for AIDS, 6 juvenile rhesus monkeys were infected intravenously with cell-free SIVagmTYO-1, 5, or 7. One animal was infected with SIV of known pathogenicity isolated from a sooty mangabey (SIVsmm). The 2 animals infected with TYO-1, 1 of 2 infected with TYO-7 and the 1 infected with SIVsmm seroconverted within 4-8 weeks after infection and infectious virus could be recovered 8-10 or 44 weeks after infection. Three of the 4 seroconverted monkeys developed a persistent lymphadenopathy 12 weeks after infection. Rhesus monkeys infected with SIVagm could serve as a model to study HIV infection and for vaccine trials.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Superiority of the Child-Pugh classification to quantitative liver function tests for assessing prognosis of liver cirrhosis.

To evaluate the prognostic value of quantitative liver function tests in comparison with established prognostic variables, the data of 47 patients with liver cirrhosis were analysed. A total of 16 variables, comprising the galactose elimination capacity and the indocyanine green clearance, the Child-Pugh classification, and several clinical and biochemical variables were subjected to Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. As independent variables, poor prognosis was associated significantly with increasing Child-Pugh score (p less than 0.00001), whereas the galactose elimination capacity (p = 0.03) and the indocyanine green clearance (p less than 0.001) were less sensitive indicators. The regression analysis showed prognostic value in decreasing sequence for Child-Pugh classification, age, sex, history of upper GI haemorrhage, and alkaline phosphatase activity. The quantitative liver function tests evaluated in the present work have less prognostic value than routinely accessible variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Recording pattern of occlusal indicators. I. Influence of indicator thickness, pressure, and surface morphology].

There are no data in the literature about the recording pattern of occlusal indicators and the relevant methods. We therefore studied the recording patterns of four foils, six paper materials, and four silk qualities at different pressures and surface morphologies. Foils are the thinnest indicator materials and give more accurate readings than paper and silk. However, under smaller loads their marking capacity is worse. This means that higher pressures must be applied for the clinical use of foils. The drawbacks of the more intensively marking papers and silk are their greater thickness and less flexible base material. This leads to a greater number of pseudo contact markings.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1989

[Recording occlusal indicators. Introduction to occlusal surface materials and roughness].

The quality of 4 foils, 6 papers and 4 tapes being used for marking occlusal contacts are examined. The influence of surface material and the roughness of surfaces are demonstrated. Indicators on plastics colour best, those on ceramics worst. As a rule unpolished surfaces show better results than those being extremely polished. Foils are the most exact markers. But they are less apt for smooth surfaces of ceramics and amalgam as well as for the rough surface of gold-alloys. In those cases thin articulating papers have preference.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1989

[Assessment of stress on the spine using a biomechanical model in relation to time studies].

The loading of the lumbar spine in the working process can be judged by the loads to be raised or carried and the bending of the body, a biomechanical model serving as the basis of calculation. Up to now our knowledge on the length of work loading the body in the working process in insufficient, that's why statements on the amount of heavy labour causing harm to the body can scarcely be given. The results of detailed time studies done with welders and mechanics in the field of heavy mechanical engineering and the building of installations were: postures loading the lumbar spine were taken for less than 1 minute on average, in most cases up to 20 seconds, and altogether they had a share in the shift of 16% on average.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Occupational medicine references for career choice for students with chronic diseases of the spine].

In 10-15% of the pupils at ten-year general polytechnical schools are chronic diseases, to obtain which mean a restriction of their vocational fitness. 2-4% of these youth have diseases of vertebral column. They are allowed to apply for an apprenticeship sooner than the other pupils after having had a vocational guidance from the aspect of industrial medicine. Under the conditions of large town the multiplicity of vocations can be considered as not substantially limited for these pupils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Career choice of youths with chronic diseases].

More than 10% of the pupils at ten-year general polytechnical schools have chronic diseases, which mean a restriction of their vocational fitness. That's why they are allowed to apply for an apprenticeship sooner than the other pupils after having had a vocational guidance under the aspect of industrial medicine. Under the conditions of large towns the multiplicity of careers can be considered as most substantially limited for these pupils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Functions of the DnaA protein of Escherichia coli in replication and transcription.

The function of DnaA protein as a replisome organizer in the initiation of DNA replication is reviewed. A model is presented showing the construction of two basic types of DnaA-dependent replication origin. New data demonstrate that the dnaA box-DnaA protein complex is a transcription terminator. Only one orientation of the dnaA box results in termination of transcription. Mutation of the dnaA box within the dnaA reading frame shows that DnaA-mediated transcription termination has a role in the autoregulation of the dnaA gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗