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Biomedical subjects

H Harris

Publications and source records attributed to H Harris.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Lens neutral endopeptidase occurs in other bovine and human tissues.

Lens neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.5) was previously thought to be unique to the eye lens. We report here the finding of a neutral endopeptidase, in a variety of bovine and human tissues, which is very similar both biochemically and immunologically to the lens endopeptidase. SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of partially purified enzyme fractions from various bovine tissues shows the characteristic pattern of at least eight bands with Mr values ranging from 24,000 to 32,000 which was described for the bovine-lens neutral endopeptidase. The relative activity of the enzyme varies from tissue to tissue with lung having the highest activity. Partially purified enzyme fractions from these tissues cross-react with antiserum raised in rabbit against bovine lens endopeptidase showing apparent identity when examined side by side in Ouchterlony double-diffusion tests. The human enzyme also cross-reacts with the antiserum but when tested by double-diffusion against the bovine enzyme the precipitin lines show spurring at the joining edges indicating a structural difference between the human and the bovine enzymes. It was also found by Western blot experiments, after denaturing polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of the enzyme, that the polypeptide components of the human and bovine enzymes show somewhat different banding patterns.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

cDNA cloning of alkaline phosphatase from rat osteosarcoma (ROS 17/2.8) cells.

Two cDNA clones of rat alkaline phosphatase (AP) were isolated from a rat osteosarcoma lambda gt 11 cDNA library (ROS 17/2.8) utilizing a human bone-liver-kidney (BLK) type AP cDNA. These clones contain overlapping DNA sequences of 597 and 520 bp, respectively, corresponding to the 3' noncoding region of AP mRNA. The sequence homology with the human BLK AP cDNA is 61%. In Northern blot analysis the rat cDNA hybridizes to a single band of 2.5 kb mRNA from ROS 17/2.8 and rat liver, under highly stringent conditions. Steady state levels of AP mRNAs measured in several rat osteosarcoma cell lines (ROS 17/2.8, ROS 2/3, ROS 25/1, UMR 106) correlate with the level of AP enzymatic activity in these cells. Dexamethasone, which stimulates AP enzymatic activity in ROS 17/2.8 cells, increases the relative abundance of AP mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. This probe can be used to study AP expression in rat tissues and cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase: close homology to placental alkaline phosphatase.

A cDNA clone for human adult intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) [orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum); EC 3.1.3.1] was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library. The cDNA insert of this clone is 2513 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame that encodes a 528-amino acid polypeptide. This deduced polypeptide contains the first 40 amino acids of human intestinal ALP, as determined by direct protein sequencing. Intestinal ALP shows 86.5% amino acid identity to placental (type 1) ALP and 56.6% amino acid identity to liver/bone/kidney ALP. In the 3'-untranslated regions, intestinal and placental ALP cDNAs are 73.5% identical (excluding gaps). The evolution of this multigene enzyme family is discussed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Cytogenetic follow-up studies of recipients of T-cell depleted allogeneic bone marrow.

Serial cytogenetic studies of bone marrow and blood cells were made in leukaemic patients who had received an allogeneic bone marrow graft from a donor of unlike sex. The donor marrow was treated with the monoclonal antibody Campath-1 before infusion. The persistence of a significant proportion of dividing recipient cells in marrow and blood was observed after grafting. These recipient cells showed evidence of radiation damage of both the stable and unstable types. More than one transient clone of chromosomally abnormal recipient cells was observed in three cases. The differences between the cytogenetic findings in patients receiving donor marrow from which T cells have been removed and those cases previously studied in our Leukaemia Unit who had received untreated donor marrow are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Regulation of epitectin production in a malignant cell line.

RT112 cells, a line derived from a human bladder carcinoma, produce epitectin at very low levels in standard culture media; but production and secretion of this mucin are greatly increased when the cells are exposed to hyperosmotic conditions. It appears that hyperosmolarity, by inducing an increase in intracellular sodium, entrains an increase in intracellular free calcium. Evidence is presented for the view that it is the increase in intracellular free calcium that provides the more direct stimulus for the enhanced production of epitectin.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1987

The suppression of malignancy by terminal differentiation: evidence from hybrids between tumour cells and keratinocytes.

When malignant human cells are crossed with diploid human keratinocytes, malignancy, as defined by progressive growth in vivo, is suppressed so long as the hybrid cells continue to produce involucrin, a protein that characterizes terminal differentiation in the keratinocyte. When, on continued cultivation in vitro, the cells lose the ability to produce involucrin, they reacquire the ability to grow progressively in the animal.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1987

Subjectivity and symbolization.

The aim of this paper has been to demonstrate that the emergence of subjectivity as a central concept in psychoanalysis is both consistent with and intertwined with the emergence of a new great generative idea (Langer, 1942), now in its nascent stage. Langer's (1942) thesis that symbolization and the power of symbols provide the basis for the fundamental assumptions of the new great generative idea was presented in condensed form. Langer's work was then integrated with that of contemporary psychoanalytic theoretical writers, which tends to support Langer's thesis. Freud's discoveries were revolutionary insofar as they resulted in the posing of new kinds of questions that have to do with symbols and their meanings. To that extent the birth of psychoanalysis itself appears as one manifestation of the emerging new generative idea. The issue of subjectivity was examined from the specific vantage point of recent conceptualizations of self and self-experience. Symbolization, it was shown, is a crucial factor in both self-experience and conceptualizations of self. Finally, it was suggested by the author that some of the existing baffling problems concerning subjectivity, the concept of self, and self-experience may disappear in the context of the new great generative idea, based on fundamental assumptions about the power of symbols.

Ego↗
PubMed1987

Human placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatase genes map to 2q34-q37.

The alkaline phosphatases comprise a multigene enzyme family that hydolyze phosphate esters and are widely distributed in nature. Three main classes have been isolated from humans, the placental, intestinal, and liver/bone/kidney forms. We have mapped the placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatase genes to 2q34-q37 by using chromosomal in situ hybridization and a somatic-cell hybrid panel.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Interactions of pig plasma gelsolin with G-actin.

Pig plasma gelsolin forms a ternary complex with monomeric actin in 0.1 mM CaCl2 and a binary complex in EGTA (less than 0.01 microM calcium), as shown by gel filtration and fluorescence changes when actin which had been treated with N-ethylmaleimide and 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzeno-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-actin) or with N-(1-pyrenyl)iodoacetamide (PI-actin) binds to gelsolin. The fluorescence enhancement per actin molecule bound is similar in the binary and ternary complexes, but the affinity of gelsolin for labelled actin is very much greater in the presence of calcium. Furthermore, the formation of ternary complex exhibits strong positive cooperativity.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

Comparative studies on lens neutral endopeptidase and pituitary neutral proteinase: two closely similar enzymes.

A neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.5) previously thought to be unique to the eye lens has been found to be closely similar if not identical in native molecular size, component polypeptides and antigenic structure to a neutral proteinase from pituitary. Here we investigated some subtle differences in properties of the two enzymes, such as the effects of temperature, divalent cations and SDS on their activities with respect to different substrates. We conclude that the pituitary enzyme may have a relatively more compact structure requiring relaxation by low SDS concentration or higher temperature for maximum activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Products of two common alleles at the locus for human placental alkaline phosphatase differ by seven amino acids.

Amino-terminal amino acid sequences (42 residues) were determined for the products of the three common alleles at the human placental alkaline phosphatase [orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum), EC 3.1.3.1] gene locus. The sequences differ at position 3, which is proline in types 1 and 2 but is leucine in type 3. cDNA libraries were constructed in phage lambda gt11 and used to isolate clones covering the coding regions of types 1 and 3 cDNAs. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the types 1 and 3 proteins showed 7 differences out of 513 amino acids, each due to a single base substitution. cDNA sequence comparisons showed three silent substitutions in the coding regions and three base differences in the greater than 1 kilobase pairs of 3' untranslated sequences.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a human liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase.

Alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) [orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum), EC 3.1.3.1] isolated from human liver, bone, and kidney (L/B/K) exhibit very similar biochemical and immunologic properties that differentiate them from other human ALPs, such as those characteristically found in placenta and intestine. Despite their similarities, the L/B/K ALPs produced in different tissues show slight physical differences. To examine structural and evolutionary relationships between the various ALPs, a cDNA corresponding to L/B/K ALP mRNA has been isolated. A lambda 11 cDNA expression library was constructed using poly(A) RNA from the osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 and screened with anti-liver ALP antiserum. The 2553-base-pair cDNA contains an open reading frame that encodes a 524 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 57.2 kDa. This ALP precursor protein contains a presumed signal peptide of 17 amino acids followed by 37 amino acids that are identical to the amino-terminal sequence determined from purified liver ALP. In addition, amino acid sequences of several CNBr peptides obtained from liver ALP are found within the cDNA-encoded protein. The deduced L/B/K ALP precursor polypeptide shows 52% homology to human placental ALP and 25% homology to Escherichia coli ALP precursor polypeptides. Sixty percent nucleotide homology exists between the human L/B/K and placental cDNAs over the protein coding regions. The 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the L/B/K ALP cDNA, 176 and 805 base pairs, respectively, show no homology to the corresponding regions of placental ALP cDNA.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗