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Biomedical subjects

H Hara

Publications and source records attributed to H Hara.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cell culture study of the vestibular ganglion cells. Morphology and immunohistochemical activity.

Incubation of vestibular ganglion cells from the rat fetus and chick embryos was successfully done demonstrating bipolar cells and two types of multipolar cells, small round cells and large cells, in the cell cultures produced. Vestibular ganglion cells were found to be highly irregular in size. Furthermore, the presence of neurotransmitters (choline acetyltransferase and substance P) was confirmed immunohistochemically. Substance P positive cells had many bipolar cells and some multipolar cells. However, choline acetyl transferase positive cells had some small multipolar cells but few bipolar cells. These findings suggest that all vestibular ganglion cells do not have the same function.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of dietary proteins on absorption and gastrointestinal movement of p-aminobenzoic acid in conscious rats.

We monitored the absorption and movement of dietary soluble components along the gastrointestinal tract of rats by using p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a marker after feeding 8 and 16% casein or soybean protein isolate (SPI) diets containing 1% PABA. The portal concentration of PABA, as an index of absorption, increased rapidly and reached the same high level 10 min after the feeding of all four diets, and the increased level of portal PABA was maintained for 30-80 min in each group. The increased levels of the SPI-fed groups continued longer than those of the casein-fed groups. In contrast, the gastric emptying rate slowed after 20 min in all the groups, and the gastric emptying of PABA for the initial 60 min in the 8% casein group was significantly faster than that in the 8% SPI group. The PABA content of the first small intestinal segment, which may be influenced by small intestinal transit, was higher in the casein group. These results indicate that the absorptive rate of PABA is determined not only by gastric emptying but also by small intestinal transit. The gastric emptying and the content of PABA in the first segment of the small intestine was not correlated in 8% protein groups. This suggests that the effect of SPI on gastrointestinal movement is different from that of casein.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1991

Responses of the exocrine pancreatic secretion to spontaneous feeding in rats with bile-pancreatic juice diversion.

The regulatory response of the exocrine pancreas was examined in rats under unanesthetized and unrestrained conditions. The previous study demonstrated that the pancreatic protease secretion increased 2-fold after spontaneous feeding of a low protein diet in chronically bile-pancreatic cannulated rats (normal rats) whose bile-pancreatic juice (BPJ) was returned to the duodenum. In the present study, we observed the response of the exocrine pancreatic secretion to spontaneous feeding of a low protein diet in rats with chronic diversion of BPJ from the proximal small intestine for 6 days (bypass rat) whose diverted BPJ was returned to the upper ileum. During BPJ diversion, the dry weight and the protein content of the pancreas were increased 2-fold, compared with normal rats. Also, the levels of trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen in the pancreas were increased several times, but amylase was decreased. The basal secretion of enzymes after a 24-hr fast was enhanced in bypass rats in proportion to the pancreatic enzyme contents. After spontaneous feeding of 8% casein fat-free diet, the increases in the pancreatic secretion of bypass rats were much smaller than those of normal rats. In contrast, the increase of BPJ flow of bypass rats after feeding was greater than that of normal rats. These findings represent that the chronic diversion of BPJ exerts hypergrowth of pancreas and hypersecretion of proteases in the fasting state, and less sensitivity of pancreatic enzyme secretion to dietary feeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Ewing's sarcoma in the retroperitoneum].

The patient was a female aged 18. Hematuria was discovered at an examination two years previously at which time the patient was complaining of right lumbar pain. The patient visited our hospital with a chief complaint of right abdominal tumor in June, 1988. A retroperitoneal tumor, 77 X 45 mm in size, was observed by CT and ultrasonic examination, and the right kidney was in hydronephrosis. An operation was performed in September, 1988, based on a diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumor and hydronephrosis. The tumor was seen to have involved the right ureter. Subsequently the tumor was surgically removed; right total nephroureterectomy and partial cystectomy were performed at that time. The removed tumor was 90 X 70 mm in size and 120 g in weight; it was histopathologically diagnosed as extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma. A systemic examination was carried out postoperatively, but no abnormalities were observed. As of September, 1990, the patient had had no recurrence and was being kept observation on an outpatient basis. There have been a total of 210 case reports regarding extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma published worldwide, including our case and 26 cases in Japan, so far as we know. However those of a lesion of retroperitoneal origin are extremely rare, numbering only 11 cases worldwide and 2 Japan. Herein we report our case of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma with reference to the other 209 cases reported in the literature to date.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Immunological detection of the dystrophin molecule with antibody directed against the synthetic peptide.

We synthesized a peptide designated R8 (amino acid residues 1157-1201) based on the primary structure presumed from the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA clone from the gene for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Antibody to the synthetic R8 generated by immunization of rabbits was tested on human and mouse skeletal muscle by Western blotting analysis. The antibody reacted with a component of the 400K dystrophin of normal human and mouse skeletal muscles, but not with components of the muscles of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients and mdx mice. Thus we established that this peptide sequence is in fact missing in the protein product 'dystrophin' encoded by the DMD gene. The antibody may prove useful for the diagnosis of the Duchenne types of muscular dystrophy.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[An evaluation of combination antibiotic therapy in infections with hematological disorders. Hyogo Cooperative Study Group of Infectious Diseases Complicating Hematological Disorders].

A clinical study was undertaken to determine the effects of combination antibiotic therapy in 104 patients with infections associated with hematological disorders. All patients were treated with sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) plus an aminoglycoside as an empiric therapy for fever. The overall efficacy rate of the therapy was 63.5%. Efficacy rates were 61.2% and 71.9% when initial neutrophil counts were less than 500/mm3 and over 500/mm3, respectively. No significant difference was found between the cases in which initially used antibiotics were continued (efficacy rate 62.5%) and those in which antibiotics were switched during the course of therapy (65.6%). Antibiotic therapy with SBT/CPZ plus an aminoglycoside provides adequate antibiotic coverage against infections associated with hematological disorders. This combination was highly effective even in the neutropenic periods of febrile patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Observations of the fibrosing process in paraquat lung injury by chest X-ray and CT].

A 42-year-old woman with a known history of paraquat ingestion was admitted to our hospital on the 10th day after ingestion complaining of dyspnea and general fatigue. Steroid therapy and low dose oxygen therapy were administered. She recovered and was discharged on the 190th day after paraquat ingestion. A chest X-ray film on admission disclosed a bilateral ground-glass shadow. As time passed, a reticular shadow with a loss of lung volume leaving a peripherally clear zone appeared on chest X-rays and shrank gradually toward the peri-hilar area during the course. CT of the lung clearly demonstrated progress of the pulmonary fibrosing process. In the early phase of paraquat poisoning, CT revealed diffuse high density areas dominant in the posterior part of the lungs with a subpleural intact area. The high density area was sharply demarcated from the subpleural intact area. As time passed, the high density area shrank toward the central zone, causing bullous changes in the subpleural area. The dominant fibrotic change in the intermediate and central zones seems to be one of the characteristic findings in paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Electron microscopic localization of acridine orange binding to euchromatin in human neuroblastoma cells.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the distribution pattern of acridine orange (AO) chromatin interaction products (AOCI) in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells and to test whether AO labeling is correlated with BrdU incorporation, and immunohistochemical localization of DNA polymerase alpha, and human N-myc-gene product. Effects of aphidicolin, alpha-amanitin, and actinomycin D on visualization of AO binding to euchromatin and on N-myc-gene expression were also examined. About 25% of the cell nuclei in logarithmic growth phase were immunohistochemically demonstrated to be labeled with BrdU after incubation at 37 degrees for 30 min, indicating cells in DNA synthesis. Most of the cell nuclei showed positive immunoreactivity to DNA polymerase alpha, while human N-myc gene product was found in about 60-80% of the cell nuclei. Electron microscopic studies revealed that about 25% of neuroblastoma cells showed characteristic AOCI within cell nuclei. In the presence of aphidicolin, alpha-amanitin, and actinomycin D, positive cells for N-myc gene product decreased markedly. Percentages of AO positive cells and numbers of AOCI per cell nucleus also showed a marked decrease. But northern blot analysis demonstrated that the expression level of N-myc gene was only repressed by the transcriptional inhibitors alpha-amanitin and actinomycin D. However, no repression was caused by aphidicolin. The present and previous studies of the authors suggest that the ultracytochemical AO method may be indicative for conformational changes of chromatin of cells confined to the cell cycle. Inhibitors of RNA and DNA synthesis then may change the conformational state of chromatin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1991

Parathyroid tumors in atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima: first report of surgical cases, 1956-1988.

Seventeen patients with parathyroid gland tumors underwent surgical resection at the Hiroshima University Hospital between 1956 and 1988. Three of them where born after the atomic bomb explosion, and 6 of the remaining 14 patients (42.9% of the total- a high proportion) were atomic bomb survivors. Because parathyroid gland tumors and hyperparathyroidism are assumed to develop in patients who have been exposed to radiation after a long latent period, it is necessary to anticipate the possible occurrence of these diseases in atomic bomb survivors. The present paper is the first to report surgically extirpated parathyroid gland tumors in atomic bomb survivors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of atenolol or enalapril on diurnal changes of blood pressure in Japanese mild to moderate hypertensives: a double-blind, randomised, crossover trial.

This randomised, double-blind, crossover study compared enalapril 5 mg, and atenolol 50 mg, each dosed once daily for 4 weeks, and investigated casual and diurnal BP changes using 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Both atenolol and enalapril satisfactorily lowered BP during the day and no excessive falls occurred at night. The tendency for BP to increase during the day and decrease at night was maintained during both active periods. Pulse rate was reduced only by atenolol throughout 24 hours. The BP increase observed 2 hours after rising in the morning was suppressed by atenolol but not by enalapril. Both drugs reduced the rates of systolic (greater than or equal to 160 mmHg) and diastolic (greater than or equal to 95 mmHg) BP increases to half of those during placebo. The frequency with which diastolic BP increased above these limits was less during the atenolol period. The difference in BP between a hospital casual reading and the mean 24 hour ambulatory reading was reduced only by atenolol. Furthermore, only atenolol suppressed the BP and pulse rate increases on exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of (+/-)-2-(dimethylamino)-1-[[o-(m-methoxyphenethyl)phenoxy] methyl]ethyl hydrogen succinate on experimental models of peripheral obstructive disease.

Peripheral obstructive disease in tail or hind limb was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of kappa-carrageenin or intra-arterial injection of sodium laurate in rats, and the suppressive effect of (+/-)-2-(dimethylamino)-1-[[o-(m-methoxyphenethyl)phenoxy] methyl]ethyl hydrogen succinate (MCI-9042, CAS 125926-17-2) on the peripheral obstructive diseases was examined. The injection of kappa-carrageenin induced a thrombotic infarction of the tail vessel in rats. The administration of MCI-9042 dose-dependently suppressed the peripheral infarction with an ED50 value of 16 mg/kg p.o. Ticlopidine, a reference antiplatelet drug, did not affect the peripheral infarction even at 50 mg/kg p.o. Cyproheptadine, however, an S2-serotonergic antagonist, potently suppressed the peripheral infarction with an ED50 of 3.5 mg/kg p.o. After the injection of sodium laurate into the femoral artery in rats peripheral lesions of the paw were generated and extended. MCI-9042 significantly prevented the progression of the disease at doses of 10 mg/kg p.o. and above. When the daily administration of MCI-9042 was started from 1 day after the laurate injection, it was also effective as well as by pretreatment. Ticlopidine was significantly effective only at 100 mg/kg p.o. as pretreatment. From the present study, it is considered that platelet-derived serotonin plays an important role in the development of peripheral obstructive disease and MCI-9042 suppressed the disease through its S2-serotonergic antagonism.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Ten years experience with the St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis for mitral valve replacement].

During the 10-year period between 1980 and December 1989, isolated mitral valve replacement (MVR) with the St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve prosthesis was performed on 404 patients at our hospital, and a long-term postoperative follow-up was conducted. There were 161 males and 243 females ranged in age from 1 year to 73 years. Early operative mortality was 5.2%. Follow-up period for 383 patients who discharged from the hospital was 1970.7 patient-years. Twenty of these patients died during the follow-up period, and a late mortality rate was 5.2%. During 10 years, thromboembolic event occurred in 8 patients. Four patients had anticoagulant-related bleeding, 4 had paravalvular leak, and 5 underwent re-operations. There was neither structural valve failure nor prosthetic valve endocarditis. Therefore, the actuarial survival rate and the valve-related death-free rate at 10 years were 83.2%, and 96.8%. Of the patients who survived, New York Heart Association class improved significantly (93% in classes II and III preoperatively and 71% in class I postoperatively). Linearized rates for thromboembolism, anticoagulant-related bleeding, and hemolysis were 0.41%, 0.20% and 0.36%/100 patient-years, respectively. The actuarial estimate of incidence free from all complications was 92.0% at 10 years. On the basis of this 10 years' experience, we believe that the SJM valve prosthesis is an excellent mechanical prosthesis for mitral valve replacement, in terms of hemodynamic performance and low thrombogenicity in patients receiving anticoagulants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiovascular surgery in patients seventy years of age and older].

During 10 years between 1981 and 1990 surgical treatment was performed in 77 elderly patients (emergency 19) for cardiovascular disease at the 2nd Dept of Kurume Univ. Hospital. The 58 elective patients were studied. There were CABG in 29; valve replacement in 18; aneurysm operation in 11. The control patients were consisted of CABG in 60; valve replacement in 40; and aneurysm operation in 20 patients whose age were under 60 years. In the elderly group, operative mortality was 3 in 58 (5.2%) and there were no significant differences compared to that in the control patients. However, low output syndrome or respiratory complication was relatively prevented in the elderly patients and careful post operative management was required. The late results in the elderly patients NYHA or exercise tolerance was improved well. The 5 years actuarial survival rate was 93.3% in ischemic heart disease group, 87.7% in valvular heart disease group, and 90.0% in thoracic aneurysm group. No significant difference was seen compared to these results in control patients and no significant differences among these diseases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Protein kinase C activity in the gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia: morphological and autoradiographic analysis using [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate.

The influence of transient forebrain ischemia on the temporal alteration of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the gerbil hippocampus was analyzed by quantitative autoradiography using [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). The [3H]PDBu binding activity in the stratum oriens of the CA1 subfield increased at 6 h after ischemia, but the binding activity in this subfield decreased at 7 days after ischemia. In contrast, the [3H]PDBu binding activity increased in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus at 7 days after ischemia. Pre-treatment of pentobarbital prevented an increase in the [3H]PDBu binding activity in the stratum oriens of the CA1 subfield at 7 days after ischemia. These results indicate the possibilities that PKC may play a pivotal role in the post-ischemic neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 subfield.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The significance of serum fructosamine measurement in patients with thyroid diseases].

Serum fructosamine was measured in patients with Graves' disease and primary hypothyroidism. Fructosamine levels and fructosamine per albumin ratio were significantly lower in patients with Graves' disease than in normal subjects, while they were significantly higher in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Fructosamine levels were normalized by treatment in the euthyroid state in patients with Graves' disease. Along with the normalization of thyroid stimulating hormone levels, fructosamine levels returned to the normal range in patients with primary hypothyroidism with treatment. There were significant correlations between fructosamine levels and free triiodothyronine levels, free thyroxine levels, thyroid stimulating hormone levels, hemoglobin A1C levels, albumin levels, and creatine phosphokinase levels. We concluded that it was useful to measure serum fructosamine as an indicator of peripheral metabolic function in patients with thyroid diseases.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1990

The regional difference of neuronal susceptibility in the dentate gyrus to hypoxia.

The effects of hypoxia on neuronal activity in dentate gyrus granule cells were studied in submerged guinea pig hippocampal slices. In all regions of the dentate gyrus granule, the amplitude of the population spike recorded from the dentate granule cell layers, in response to electrical stimulation of the perforant path, decreased during hypoxia and recovered during reoxygenation. However, the ventral dentate gyrus granule cells (upper blade) were more susceptible to hypoxia than the dorsal ones (lower blade), indicating regional differences of neuronal susceptibility to hypoxia in the dentate gyrus.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Selective inhibition by lasalocid of hydrolysis of the ADP-insensitive phosphoenzyme in the catalytic cycle of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2(+)-ATPase.

The effect of a carboxylic ionophore (lasalocid) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2(+)-ATPase was investigated. The purified enzyme was preincubated with lasalocid in the presence of Ca2+ and the absence of K+ at pH 7.0 and 0 degrees C for 2 h. The Ca2(+)-dependent ATPase activity was strongly inhibited by this preincubation, whereas the activity of the contaminant Mg2(+)-ATPase was unaffected. The steady-state level of the phosphoenzyme (EP) intermediate remained constant over the wide range of lasalocid concentrations. The Ca2(+)-induced enzyme activation was unaffected. The kinetics of phosphorylation of the Ca2(+)-activated enzyme by ATP as well as the rate of conversion of ADP-sensitive EP to ADP-insensitive EP were also unaffected. Accumulation of ADP-insensitive EP was greatly enhanced, and almost all of the EP accumulating at steady state was ADP-insensitive. Hydrolysis of ADP-insensitive EP was strongly inhibited. A similar strong inhibition of the Ca2(+)-dependent ATPase activity by lasalocid was found with sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. To examine the effect of lasalocid on the conformational change in each reaction step, the Ca2(+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles was labeled with a fluorescent probe (N-iodoacetyl-N'-(5-sulfo-1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine) without a loss of catalytic activity and then preincubated with lasalocid as described above. The conformational changes involved in hydrolysis of ADP-insensitive EP and in the reversal of this hydrolysis were appreciably retarded by lasalocid. The conformational changes involved in other reaction steps were unaffected. These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of ADP-insensitive EP in the catalytic cycle of this enzyme is selectively inhibited by lasalocid.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗