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Biomedical subjects

H H Tay

Publications and source records attributed to H H Tay.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Acid perfusion of duodenal ulcer craters and ulcer pain: a controlled double blind study.

Although early studies attributed an important role to acid in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer pain, recent reports are conflicting. The aim of the present study is to determine whether direct acidification of the duodenal ulcer crater in symptomatic patients reproduces ucler pain. Patients with endoscopically diagnosed duodenal ulcers were studied. No premedication or sedation was given. A washing tube was passed via the endoscope and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid as well as normal saline were sequentially administered on to the ulcer crater, the sequence of infusion being randomised and double blind. Forty patients were studied. Sixteen developed typical ulcer pain during acid infusion compared with four with saline (p less than 0.005). Ten patients who developed pain on acid were rechallenged with acid after their pains disappeared. Typical pain recurred in all. Twenty patients without duodenal ulcer did not develop pain when 200 ml of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid was infused into the duodenum. Acid therefore appears to have a definite role in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer pain although other factors may also be important.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reversal of azoospermia in an insulin dependent diabetic.

A 32-year old Chinese man with insulin dependent diabetes developed impotence and infertility with total azoospermia. The azoospermia was reversed following improved diabetic control with soluble insulin three times daily. With the reversal of azoospermia, his wife conceived five months later.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Horizontal or vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus? A serological survey in family members of hepatitis B carriers in Singapore.

Hepatitis B serology was performed on 270 family members of 78 hepatitis B carriers and hepatitis B e antigen status determined in those found to be HBsAg positive. The mean age of index patients was 38 years (range 3-74) and that of family members was 28 years (range 1-71). 67 family members (25%) were HBsAg positive. The proportions of family members positive for HBsAg and those negative for HBsAg but positive for anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc were 25% and 20% for children, 10% and 68% for spouses, 36% and 26% for siblings and 29% and 55% for parents. For children of index parents the proportions positive for HBsAg and those negative for HBsAg but positive for anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc were similar whether the index patient was the mother (24% and 24%) or the father (26% and 18%). Our results suggest that horizontal transmission is a significant mode of spread of hepatitis B within the family in Singapore.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low-dose cimetidine in the acute treatment of duodenal ulcer. Comparison of a single nocturnal dose regimen with a twice daily regimen.

A 0.5 g daily dose of cimetidine was as effective as a 1 g dose in the acute treatment of duodenal ulcer patients in Hong Kong. The aims of the present study were, first, to determine whether low-dose cimetidine treatment was as effective as standard doses in acute duodenal ulcer treatment of patients in Singapore, and second, to compare a single nocturnal dosage regimen with a twice daily regimen. In this single centre, double-blind, controlled trial, 282 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer were randomized to receive four weeks' treatment with cimetidine using one of three dosage regimens: (A) 800 mg at night; (B) 400 mg at night; or (C) 400 mg twice daily. Two hundred and forty-seven patients were evaluated. The incidences of healing at four weeks were: (A) 40/80 (50%), (B) 39/88 (44%); and (C) 48/79 (61%); (B vs C: P less than 0.05; A vs C: NS; 95% confidence limits: -5% to 27%; A vs B: NS, 95% confidence limits: -6% to 21%). Of 183 patients who had antral biopsies taken, 176 (96%) had histological gastritis, while 167 (91%) were positive for Helicobacter-like organisms. The occurrence of gastritis or Helicobacter-like organisms had no influence on ulcer healing. A 400 mg dose of cimetidine is therefore suboptimal for the treatment of duodenal ulcer in patients in Singapore. A single nocturnal dosage regimen may be less effective than a twice daily regimen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibody to herpes simplex virus type 1 in peptic ulcer patients.

It has been postulated that herpes simplex virus type 1 may be a causative factor of duodenal ulcer. Serum antibody titres to herpes simplex virus type 1 in duodenal and gastric ulcer patients were compared with race-, sex- and age-matched controls. No differences in antibody titres could be demonstrated between duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer patients and their respective controls, between gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer patients or between acute and convalescent sera in either gastric or duodenal ulcer. Although Chinese are more susceptible to ulcer disease than Malays and Indians, antibody titres were comparable between subjects of different races. The results of this study do not support a causal role for herpes simplex virus in peptic ulcer disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B vaccination: half dose recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (B-Hepavac II) is as immunogenic as the full recommended dose in healthy adults.

Sixty-seven healthy adult volunteers aged 20-40 years with no previous exposure to hepatitis B virus were randomized to receive either a 10 micrograms or 5 micrograms dose of recombinant DNA hepatitis B (HB) vaccine (B-Hepavac II) intramuscularly at 0, 1 and 6 months. Two months after the third injection 100% of subjects had seroconverted: 97% of the 10 micrograms group and 91% of the 5 micrograms group had antibody to HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels greater than 10 iu/L. The geometric mean titres (GMT) of anti-HBs levels at this time were 891 iu/L in the 10 micrograms dose group and 923 iu/L in the 5 micrograms dose group. These differences were not significant. Adverse effects included fever and mild pain at the injection site. The reduced dose of 5 micrograms was as effective as the standard 10 micrograms dose.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inflammatory bowel disease: an uncommon problem in Singapore.

Fifty patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, 40; Crohn's disease, seven; indeterminate colitis, three) treated in one gastroenterology unit in Singapore over a 10 year period were reviewed. Clinical features were similar to those described in Western patients. Of the three main races of Singapore it was found that Indians are more susceptible to these diseases than Chinese or Malays. A survey of all gastroenterologists in Singapore indicated a possible prevalence of 8.6 per 100,000 people for ulcerative colitis and 1.3 per 100,000 people for Crohn's disease. These prevalence rates are much lower than those reported for Western populations.

Adult↗