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Biomedical subjects

H H Strupp

Publications and source records attributed to H H Strupp.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Pretherapy interpersonal relations, patients' alliance, and outcome in brief therapy.

This study examined the relationship between pretherapy clinical assessments of interpersonal relations and (1) patients' therapeutic alliance and (2) outcome in time-limited psychotherapy (up to 25 sessions). For 33 college men with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and social introversion, clinical judgments of interpersonal relations predicted patients' level of collaborative, positively toned participation in a therapeutic relationship, accounting for up to a quarter of the variance in observers' ratings of audiotaped segments from therapy sessions. Pretherapy assessments of overall psychological health were highly comparable with assessments of interpersonal relations as predictors of a patient's alliance; however, when the redundancy between the two types of clinical judgments was controlled, interpersonal relations were the better predictor. Assessments of interpersonal relations were found to correlate with outcome measures at a modest level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Success and failure in time-limited psychotherapy. A systematic comparison of two cases: comparison 1.

Why do some patients succeed in psychotherapy whereas others fail? Moreover, what can be learned from a comparison of two comparable patients treated by the same therapist under very similar conditions? Two cases drawn from the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Project, a controlled study of process and outcome, were studied with a view toward deepening scientific and clinical understanding of time-limited psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Analyses of this kind are also important because the typical psychotherapy outcome study largely ignores individual cases entering into data of "average improvement." Based on systematic outcome and process measures, combined with a detailed study of complete process recordings, the case histories presented herein were those of two young men suffering from anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal who were treated by the same psychotherapist. The results of this analysis, the first of a series, suggest that therapy outcomes are importantly determined by the patient's ability to take advantage of the particular relationship the therapist has to offer; conversely, therapy fails if there is a poor match on these dimensions. Pertinent variables are further specified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Success and failure in time-limited psychotherapy. A systematic comparison of two cases: comparison 2.

This is the second article in a series comparing two patients treated in time-limited individual psychotherapy by a professional therapist in the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Project. The patients were two young men suffering from anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal. One of the patients was a success case, the other a therapeutic failure. In addition to a variety of change measures, all tape-recorded therapy sessions were subjected to intensive study. Results showed that the outcome of psychotherapy depends markedly on the patient's ability to form a productive working relationship with the therapist early in therapy. Conversely, deep-seated characterological problems, manifesting themselves particularly in negativism, hostility, and other resistances, may give rise to insurmountable barriers resulting in negative therapeutic outcomes. The therapist's attitudes toward the patient and technical skill obviously play a part, but they appear to be overshadowed by the foregoing patient variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Success and failure in time-limited psychotherapy. With special reference to the performance of a lay counselor.

This article, based on data from the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Research Project, is a detailed comparison of two patients (male college students with anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal) treated by a lay counselor in time-limited psychotherapy. One of the patients experienced noticeable therapeutic gains; the second was a therapeutic failure. Differences in process and outcome are shown to be due to the quality of the therapeutic interaction. The latter in turn, was importantly determined by the patient's character structure and the manner in which it enabled the patient to relate to the therapist. Fundamental differences exist between a trained and an untrained therapist's approach to psychotherapy. In these case histories, the lay counselor experienced difficulties with both patients in effectively confronting transference issues.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Success and failure in time-limited psychotherapy. Further evidence (comparison 4).

This is the fourth in a series of comparisons involving patients treated in time-limited psychotherapy. The two patients were young men suffering from anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal. Both were treated by a highly experienced psychotherapist. One of the patients achieved lasting therapeutic results from the sessions; the other was a therapeutic failure. The comparisons are based on a set of objective measures as well as intensive clinical study of all tape-recorded therapy sessions. Results showed that the therapeutic outcome was a function of the patient's ability to become involved in a therapeutic relationship and to work productively within the framework proffered by the therapist. Equally important were countertransference reactions that seriously interfered with successful confrontation and resolution of the patient's negative transference.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Patient motivation as a predictor of process and outcome in psychotherapy.

This study examined the effect of the patient's level of motivation upon process and outcome in short-term psychotherapy. 18 shy, anxious, and depressed male college students received up to 25 sessions of therapy with experienced professional therapists. Analyses of audiotaped samples from four therapy sessions indicated that motivation was a good predictor of a patient's behavior in therapy. These analyses also suggested that the patient's level of motivation may influence the therapist's behavior during treatment. Lastly, ratings of motivation significantly predicted both the therapist's and the clinician's ratings of overall improvement, but not the patient's rating of overall improvement or the residual maladjustment scores derived from the MMPI.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Specific vs nonspecific factors in psychotherapy. A controlled study of outcome.

This study explored the relative contribution of the therapist's technical skills and the qualities inherent in any good human relationship to outcome in time-limited individual psychotherapy. Highly experienced psychotherapists treated 15 patients drawn from a relatively homogeneous patient population (male college students, selected primarily on the basis of elevations on the depression, anxiety, and social introversion scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory). By traditional diagnostic categories, they would be classified as neurotic depression or anxiety reactions. Obsessional trends and borderline personalities were common. A comparable patient group was treated by college professors chosen for their ability to form understanding relationships. Patients treated by professors showed, on the average, as much improvement as patients treated by professional therapists. Treated groups slightly exceeded the controls. Group means, however, obscured considerable individual variability.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

Contemporary views of negative effects in psychotherapy. An integrated account.

As part of a larger investigation into negative effects in psychotherapy, we conducted a survey of researchers and practitioners in psychotherapy. We now present an integrated account of the consensus of these experts on the following issues: (1) Is there a problem of negative effects? (2) What constitutes a negative effect? (3) What factors are prominently associated with negative effects? There was an overwhelming affirmation of the reality of negative effects among the respondents. Furthermore, they urged that negative effects be subjected to systematic research scrutiny, a strategy made more feasible by the identifying criteria and possible causative factors cited by these experts. It is suggested that there is need for research into therapeutic actions and psychotherapy outcomes in general, with special reference to negative effects.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗