[Onco-epidemiology--are we still going to show the way in Denmark?].
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Databases as Topic↗
Biomedical subjects
H H Storm
Publications and source records attributed to H H Storm.
Verapamil and risk of cancer in patients with coronary artery disease. DAVIT Study Group. Danish Verapamil Infarction Trial.
The risk of cancer in users of verapamil was assessed in a long-term follow-up of 1,775 patients who were randomized to verapamil or matching placebo in the Danish Verapamil Infarction Trial-II in the years 1985 to 1987. During 10,474 patient-years, no increased risk of cancer was observed for the verapamil-treated men or women compared with the age- and sex-matched background population.
Aged↗
Risk of breast cancer in offspring of male breast-cancer patients.
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Adult↗
Do morphology and stage explain the inferior lung cancer survival in Denmark?
Danish lung cancer patients diagnosed during 1983-1987 experienced 5-yr relative survival rates 2-7% inferior to patients in the other Nordic countries, despite the similarity of cancer registration and healthcare systems in the Nordic countries. Is the inferior relative survival in Denmark due to differences in morphology or stage of lung cancers? The present study compared in detail the survival of 92,719 patients diagnosed with lung cancer during 1978-1992 in Denmark, Finland, and Norway. In particular, differences in morphology and extent of disease were studied. A poor survival rate for small cell anaplastic lung carcinoma compared with all other morphologies was confirmed. However, this could not explain the relative survival differences observed between countries. Extent of disease was the most important predictor of survival. Part of the observed survival differences could be explained by a less favourable stage distribution in Denmark, combined with a slightly lower relative survival rate for those with metastatic disease. Differences in treatment are unlikely to explain the findings, although delays in diagnosing and treating patients in Denmark compared with neighbouring countries could partially explain the lower patient survival in Denmark. In conclusion, the main factor in the lower survival rate in Denmark is unfavourable stage distribution.
Aged↗
Colorectal cancer in the Faroe Islands--a setting for the study of the role of diet.
BACKGROUND: The Faroe Islands are a group of small islands in the north Atlantic. The population is well-defined and is therefore very suitable for epidemiological research, including dietary studies in relation to carcinogenesis. With the establishment of a cancer registry on January 1, 1994, with data from 1960, inspection of incidence rates and trends in cancer may give clues to areas for etiologic research. METHODS: We identified retrospectively all incident cases of colorectal cancer in the period 1979-1993, by reviewing all case reports and death certificates in the Faroe Islands. RESULTS: We found 242 cases of colorectal cancer: 166 colon cancers and 76 rectal cancer, of which 93% and 96% (respectively) were histologically confirmed. Colorectal cancer incidence was significantly lower than in Denmark, with standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) for colon cancer at 0.8 (95% CI = 0.7-1.0) in men and 0.7 (95% CI = 0.6-0.9) in women. For rectal cancer SIRs were 0.6 (95% CI = 0.5-0.9) in males and 0.6 (95% CI = 0.4-0.9) in females. CONCLUSIONS: This paper presents for the first time incidence rates of colorectal cancer in the Faroe Islands. For both cancer types the most recent standardised incidence rates, 1989-1993, were among the lowest in north western Europe and North America. This relatively low risk of colorectal cancer occurs in spite of a low intake of vegetables and a high intake of total fat. However, the Faroese diet is high in fish, calcium and vitamin D and the possibility therefore exist that the low rates are due to a protective effect of these nutrients and micronutrients.
Adult↗
[Cancer registration in the Faeroe Islands].
The main purpose was to establish a cancer registry which could provide data for the treatment and control of cancer in the Faroe Islands. The registry should also be useful for epidemiological research in the future to pinpoint causes of cancer. The initiation of the registry is a result of a workgroup with members from the Faroes Hospital and Health System and from the Institute of Cancer Epidemiology at the Danish Cancer Society. The data items collected in the Faroes registry are identical with the data items in the Danish Cancer Registry. To provide a basis for the registry we have performed a retrospective data collection identifying all cancer cases in the Faroes for the 15 year period 1979-1993. All hospital records and death certificates in the period were scrutinized. The official initiation of the Faroes cancer registry was on 1, January 1994.
Denmark↗
Survival of adult patients with cancer of soft tissues or bone in Europe. EUROCARE Working Group.
Using data from the EUROCARE II database, relative survival rates for Europe were studied for adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and bone cancers separately. Altogether 2,151 bone cancers and 5,845 STS were included. Survival analysis was carried out for each gender and the ratio between observed and expected survival calculated. One-year relative survival for bone cancer was 65% in men and 71% in women, and 5-year relative survival 45% in men and 51% in women. For STS 1-year relative survival was 78% for men and 79% for women and 5-year relative survival was 59% for both sexes. The variation in relative survival for bone cancer between countries was substantial, with the lowest rates seen in the Eastern countries. Denmark had the lowest rates of the Nordic countries, similar to those of Scotland. The variation in survival rates for STS was less pronounced, but still rates tended to be lower in Eastern European countries. The present analysis was carried out in the subset of European STS excluding visceral STS. To assess fully the international variation in survival a review of STS based on reported sarcoma morphology must be carried out.
Adolescent↗
Relative survival of cancer patients--a comparison between Denmark and the other Nordic countries.
The results of a Nordic collaborative project revealed that Danish cancer patients had a poorer prognosis than patients in the other Nordic countries for some major cancer sites. The present study was undertaken to further explore the differences in survival between Denmark and the other Nordic countries. All cancer cases diagnosed in the Nordic countries during 1958 to 1991/92 were included in the analysis. Relative survival and excess mortality were calculated for intervals in the first five years after diagnosis. Since the 1950s, the prognosis of cancer patients has improved in all the countries, but more moderately in Denmark. For cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, breast (female), and prostate, the Danish patients had a markedly lower relative survival than the patients in the other countries. They also had the lowest proportion of localized tumours. It appears that Danish cancer patients are diagnosed at a later stage of disease than patients in the other Nordic countries.
Adolescent↗
[Treatment of cancer patients in the Nordic countries].
A recent analysis of epidemiological data from the Nordic Cancer Registries revealed that the prognosis of several groups of cancer patients in Denmark is inferior to that of the other countries. These differences have evolved during the last 20-30 years. The prognosis of cancer patients in the Nordic countries is reasonably good compared to other European countries and to the black community in the United States while the white community in the US has a better prognosis with regard to most of the cancer diseases. It is speculated that these differences reflect differences in resources allocated to cancer treatment.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Prevalence of carcinoma in situ of the testis in 207 oligozoospermic men from infertile couples: prospective study of testicular biopsies.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of carcinoma in situ of the testis in a group of oligozoospermic men from infertile couples. DESIGN: A consecutive group of oligozoospermic men from infertile couples were offered bilateral testicular biopsy. The observed prevalence of carcinoma in situ was compared with the expected prevalence of testicular cancer in a corresponding age matched population of Danish men, assuming all untreated cases of carcinoma in situ progress to tumour stage. This calculation was based on data from the Danish Cancer Registry. SUBJECTS: 207 men aged 18-50 years who had sperm density below 10 million/ml in two samples within the previous 2 years or sperm density below 20 million/ml in two samples within the previous 2 years and a history of cryptorchidism or one or two atrophic testicles (orchidometer volume less than 15 cm3), or both. INTERVENTIONS: Bilateral testicular biopsies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Carcinoma in situ in the biopsy specimen. RESULTS: No case of carcinoma in situ was found among the 207 men. The expected number in a normal age matched population of corresponding size was 0.8. CONCLUSIONS: There is no increase in risk of carcinoma in situ of the testis in moderately oligozoospermic men of couples referred because of infertility.
Adolescent↗
Long-term survival and development of secondary malignancies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with aclarubicin or daunorubicin plus cytosine arabinoside followed by intensive consolidation chemotherapy in a Danish national phase III trial. Danish Society of Haematology Study Group on AML.
In 1991 we reported the results from a prospective randomised phase 3 trial comparing 7 days continuous infusion of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) combined with either daunorubicin (DNR) or aclarubicin (ACR) as direct i.v. injection for 3 days as induction chemotherapy (CT) for patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) followed by early intensive consolidation CT with two alternating cycles of high-dose ara-C and two cycles of amsacrine plus etoposide, and finally 3 days of daunomycin plus 7 days of ara-C as administered for induction of remission. A total of 174 patients with de novo AML in the age group 17-65 years were included. The patients have now been followed till death or for at least 7 years, and an evaluation of the long-term survival and the risk of developing secondary neoplasms has been made. The overall survival rate 5-years after diagnosis was 23%, and after 10 years 19%. No difference was found between the two treatment regimens in overall survival or disease-free survival (DFS). For the subgroup of 99 patients who achieved complete remission after one or two induction courses, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 35% and 31% respectively, with the highest survival rates in the age group 17-39 years (57% at 5 years) as compared with 27% in patients aged 40-60 years (P= 0.007). Seven secondary neoplasms were diagnosed simultaneously with or after the diagnosis of AML indicating a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 3.41, (95% CI: 1.60-7.26). In three cases the secondary neoplasms were diagnosed simultaneously with the AML diagnosis and were for that reason completely unrelated to the chemotherapy administered for AML, as the psammomatous meningeoma diagnosed after only 8 months. The remaining three neoplasms which developed subsequently did not significantly exceed the expected number, with a SIR = 1.46 (0.47-4.57). Thus, no increased risk of solid tumors causally related to the intensive chemotherapy for de novo AML was observed. However, a generally increased risk of solid tumors in patients diagnosed simultaneously with the AML diagnosis seems likely. Over 20% of the patients were alive and in complete remission 5 years after the AML diagnosis, and they have a high probability of surviving the next 5-year period.
Aclarubicin↗
The Danish Cancer Registry--history, content, quality and use.
The Danish Cancer Registry is a population-based registry containing data on the incidence of cancer throughout Denmark since 1943. Reporting of cancer was made mandatory by administrative order in 1987. Details of individual cases of cancer are available according to the 7th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) for all years, and according to the ICD-O since 1978. A core data set is kept on each individual which includes date of birth, sex, date of cancer diagnosis, method of verification, date of death and cause of death. This paper describes the history of the registry, its data sources and its procedures, including quality control and access to data. Integration of both research activities and registration since the inception of the Registry has maintained the completeness and validity of the data for 1943-1996.
Databases, Factual↗
Prostate cancer--look to Denmark?
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Denmark↗
Cancer registries in epidemiologic research.
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Europe↗
Problems related to the coding of multiple primary cancers.
There is growing interest in multiple primary cancers (MPs), but the lack of a universally agreed definition can both modify the results for one series and hamper comparisons among cancer registries. The aim of this study was to compare agreement on the coding of MPs between two cancer registries, the Danish Cancer Registry and the Tuscany Tumour Registry, that adhere to different rules for accepting MPs, and to study whether coding according to common international rules (IACR) would increase the comparability. Data on 200 patients recorded as having more than one cancer were extracted at random from the two registers. The agreement on MP status between coders, one from each registry, using local rules and definitions on MP, was good (kappa value, 0.70). Exclusion of 11 expected discordant cases increased the agreement (kappa = 0.86). The agreement reached with the use of the IACR rules was very high (kappa = 0.80). We conclude that registries should present data according to international rules, in particular for the study of MPs. Registries should at least clearly indicate deviations from the agreed international standards, in order to facilitate comparisons on incidences.
Denmark↗
Childhood leukaemia in Europe after Chernobyl: 5 year follow-up.
The European Childhood Leukaemia - Lymphoma Incidence Study (ECLIS) is designed to address concerns about a possible increase in the risk of cancer in Europe following the nuclear accident in Chernobyle in 1986. This paper reports results of surveillance of childhood leukaemia in cancer registry populations from 1980 up to the end of 1991. There was a slight increase in the incidence of childhood leukaemia in Europe during this period, but the overall geographical pattern of change bears no relation to estimated exposure to radiation resulting from the accident. We conclude that at this stage of follow-up any changes in incidence consequent upon the Chernobyl accident remain undetectable against the usual background rates. Our results are consistent with current estimates of the leukaemogenic risk of radiation exposure, which, outside the immediate vicinity of the accident, was small.
Child↗
Cancer registration in the Arctic--a useful research tool.
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Arctic Regions↗
Cancer in Circumpolar Inuit. Background information for the cancer pattern in Greenland.
The cancer pattern among Inuit in the Circumpolar area have shown marked differences to other populations in the world. The current paper summarises important risk factors in Greenland, including the physical environment, diet, alcohol, tobacco and other lifestyle factors. Details on population structure and history, health care and cancer registration are also included. This information is important for the interpretation of the incidence pattern for the Circumpolar Inuit collectively and for the understanding of differences between the various Inuit populations of the North.
Demography↗