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Biomedical subjects

H H Peter

Publications and source records attributed to H H Peter.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Unusual rearrangements of immunoglobulin genes in a patient with IgD/lambda plasmacytoma].

The mechanisms of Ig gene expression in B-lymphocytes are not yet fully understood. A hierarchy of Ig gene rearrangements has been suggested starting with Ig heavy chain genes followed by kappa and lambda light chain genes. According to this principle, B-cells with productive lambda light chain expression have their kappa genes either unproductively rearranged or deleted. By examining B-cells from patients with various lymphoproliferative diseases the developmental hierarchy of the Ig gene rearrangements could be confirmed with one notable exception: in a patient with IgD/lambda-plasmocytoma we found the kappa genes in germ line configuration. This finding points to an aberrant light chain gene expression in IgD-producing plasma cells.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

[Polymyalgia rheumatica following Borrelia infection].

The case of a 84-year old woman is presented who developed a polymyalgia rheumatica/giant cell arteritis (PMR/GCA)-syndrome following a tick bite. Elevated titers of IgG-antibodies (indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA) as well as IgM (Immunoblot) against Borrelia burgdorferi antigens were found in her serum. When a total of 19 patients with PMR/GCA-syndrome was tested serologically, elevated or borderline IgG-titers against Borrelia antigens were detected in 12 of them (= 63%). Hence, Borrelia infection may be viewed as a potential trigger mechanism of a PMR/GCA-syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Chemiluminescence response of human B-cell lines.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B lymphoblastoid cells share certain properties with monocytes: they are capable of presenting protein antigens to antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and of releasing an Interleukin 1-like factor. It was our interest to study whether transformed B-cells resemble monocytes by generating toxic oxygen radicals. Human B-cell lines were developed from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by EBV-transformation. The induction of the respiratory burst in the B-cells was assessed by chemiluminescence (CL) in the presence of lucigenin. B-cells were stimulated with phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA), zymosan particles, the chemotactic peptide f-met-phe, the complement split product C5a and with a recently described granulocyte activating cytokine (GRAM). Stimulation with PMA elicited a distinct CL-response in the tested B-cell lines. The CL-signal was significantly reduced by superoxide dismutase, but not by D-mannitol and catalase. No significant response to any of the other stimuli was detected. Furthermore, none of the stimuli induced a luminol-enhanced CL signal, which, in contrast to lucigenin, is dependent on the presence of peroxidase. Our results indicate that EBV infected B-cells were able to generate significant amounts of reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide. It appears that virus transformation uncovers genetic information which is usually not expressed in non-transformed B-cells.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the sacroiliac joint. A new examination technic in the differential diagnosis of rheumatic diseases of the lumbosacral transition].

25 patients with the clinical diagnoses of possible sacroiliitis were investigated by Magnetic Resonance Tomography (MR). Using axial or coronal tomography in a T1-weighted sequence (7 slices, 1 echo, NEX: 2, slice thickness 8 mm, TR: 600 ms, TE: 33 ms) and in a T2-weighted sequence (7 slices, 4 echos, NEX: 2, slice thickness 8 mm, TR: 1800 ms, TE: 33, 66, 99, 132 ms) we found normal sacroiliac joints in 10 patients, in 12 patients we diagnosed a sacroiliitis, in 3 patients a sacroiliac sclerosis. Descriptive evaluation and T2-calculation we showed, that MR is specific in differentiation of inflammation from sclerosis. The mean T2-relaxation time is 126 ms in healthy subjects, 320 ms in sacroiliitis and 87 ms in sclerotic areas. The results are significant in the Student-T-test (5% level). In addition the method allows the distinction of sclerosis from inflammation with a resolution of 2 mm. In evaluating sacroiliac rheumatic diseases MR may be helpful as a new imaging technique to complete the information of conventional radiography, computer assisted tomography and scintigraphy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Endothelial cell proliferation in vitro induced by sera of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus].

Endothelial cells from human umbilical cord veins proliferate in vitro up to 35-fold over control values when incubated for prolonged periods of time (up to 144 hrs) in the presence of sera from patients with SLE or PSS. The proliferation inducing capacity of patients' sera was high during remission and low during relapses. Similarly, induction of endothelial cell proliferation increased significantly following plasma separation; however, this effect did only last for a few hours. The in vitro stimulation of endothelial cells observed may be correlated to histological findings of hyperplasia and neoproliferation of vascular intima cells in SLE and PSS.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with chronic granulomatous inflammation. Clinically definable special form of the variable immunodeficiency syndrome].

Five cases (3 men, 2 women) of late-onset variable immunodeficiency syndrome (CVID), characterized by similar clinical and immunological findings as well as histological demonstration of chronic granulomatous infection, are reported. All patients had frequent attacks of respiratory infections with recurrent bronchitis and pneumonia. In addition to predominating basally localized streaky-nodular lung changes all patients had hepatosplenomegaly and granulomatous infections of other organs. Immunologically, marked hypogammaglobulinaemia of all Ig classes, lymphopenia, and absence of terminal B-cell maturation were predominant. In-vitro tests under pokeweed-mitogen failed to demonstrate terminal plasma-cell differentiation of B-lymphocytes and thus Ig synthesis. Without pokeweed-mitogen there were largely nonsecretory B-blasts with abnormal granulated cytoplasmic Ig formation. Skin testing with Multitest application revealed almost complete anergy, both in the Arthus (24 h) and the late reactions (48 and 72 h). Nonetheless, T-cell reaction in-vitro was much less affected than B-cell function. "Natural killing" and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity were normal or slightly increased.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

A new serological reaction in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and/or giant cell (temporal) arteritis: deposition of complement C4 and C3 components on rat kidney structures detected by indirect immunofluorescence.

Using indirect immunofluorescence deposition of complement C4 and C3 components to rat kidney medullary structures was demonstrated. This serological reaction (C4/C3-IFT) is regularly obtained with fresh sera of patients suffering from active polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and/or giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA). Sera of normal controls and of steroid-treated PMR and/or GCA patients in clinical remission have a negative C4/C3-IFT reaction. A positive conversion of the test in steroid-treated patients indicates enhanced disease activity. Because of its technical simplicity, C4/C3-IFT can be routinely used first, as a reliable serological marker in the primary diagnosis of PMR and/or GCA and second, as a sensitive criterion of disease activity in these patients. C4/C3-IFT reactivity is, however, not specific for GCA and/or PMR. Various systemic inflammatory diseases may have a positive reaction as well (e.g., certain viral and bacterial infections, malignant tumors, vasculitides, inflammatory joint diseases of different etiology). Recent experimental findings suggest that C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients' sera mediates an activation of the classical complement pathway resulting in a deposition of C4 and C3 complement components to certain rat kidney structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Human schistosomiasis: deficiency of large granular lymphocytes and indomethacin-sensitive suppression of natural killing.

Twenty-eight children infected with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni were tested for natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitro using the myeloid/erythroid cell line K562 as target. In addition, the frequency of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and the number of HNK-1+ lymphocytes were examined in peripheral blood. NK cell activity was found to be markedly reduced in most patients when compared with a group of healthy Caucasian individuals (P less than 0.005). Moreover, the impairment of NK activity clearly correlated with the intensity of infection, which was quantified by parasite ova excretion in stool and urine. Within the lymphocyte compartment the percentages of cells with the NK phenotype (HNK-1+) were found to be normal, although the majority of patients exhibited decreased numbers of LGL (P less than 0.005). The absolute and relative frequencies of LGL and HNK-1+ lymphocytes by no means correlated with the parasite load. In vitro results suggest an at least partly prostaglandin-mediated and interferon-resistant functional defect of NK cells.

Child↗
PubMed1986

[Characterization of lymphoid cells by monoclonal antibodies in patients with gynecologic carcinomas].

Lymphoid subsets in the venous blood of 109 patients with various gynecologic malignancies were determined by monoclonal antibodies and compared with the results of 92 women without malignant disease. The patients were followed up for one year to study the influence of therapy on lymphoid cells. The results before treatment showed little difference between the two groups. In stage III and IV, total lymphocyte counts and OKT3+, OKT4+, OKT8+ and OKM1+ subsets were significantly lower compared with stage I and II. Radiation therapy caused a significant and long-lasting decrease of nearly all lymphoid cells. Patients who relapsed or died during the observation period had significantly diminished levels of OKT3- and OKT8-positive cells before treatment.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Analysis of T-cell subpopulations. Pathophysiological concept and significance for clinical medicine].

Two T-lymphocyte subsets develop in the thymus which differ in the expression of glycoproteins on their cell surface. About 60% of the circulating T cells express the glycoprotein T4, while about 30% have the glycoprotein T8. T4 and T8 cells can be determined in the peripheral blood or various organs with monoclonal antibodies. T4 and T8 cells differ in their antigen recognition, have different functions, and can cause various pathohistological changes. T4 cells recognize the antigen in association with the HLA-D/DR/DP determinants. Upon antigenic stimulation they liberate various factors and initiate and amplify an immune response (T4 = helper/inducer T-cells). They can also be cytotoxic and are mediating effector functions via macrophage activation. T8 cells recognize the antigen in association with HLA-A/B/C determinants. They exert their cytotoxic or suppressive effector functions mainly in viral infections. The T4 or T8 cell-mediated pathohistological changes are discussed in the light of the well studied T-cell infiltrations in lepra lepromatosa or lepra tuberculosa. The T4/T8 cell dyscrasia in the peripheral blood, described in a variety of infectious, autoimmune or immunodeficiency diseases, may be due to enhanced proliferation, selective sequestration, reduced production or the elimination of a subset. T-cell subset analysis in joints, bronchial lavages and tissues has clarified the pathomechanism in a variety of autoimmune diseases, although the etiology remains obscure. For example, in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and sarcoidosis, a T4 cell-mediated reaction with macrophage activation can be found. T4/T8 cell analysis may also be of value in dissecting heterogenous diseases, e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus. Of value is also the additional demonstration of membrane components reflecting T-cell activation (IL-2 receptor or DR-antigen expression) which serves to identify the activated T-cell subset in peripheral blood. Finally, T4/T8 cell analysis can be helpful in deciding treatment, as the T-cell subsets have a different sensitivity to immunosuppressive drugs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Severe combined immunodeficiency: treatment by bone marrow transplantation in 15 infants using HLA-haploidentical donors.

In 15 infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), immunological reconstitution was attempted by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-haplo-identical parents. To prevent graft versus host disease (GvHD), marrow grafts were depleted of contaminating T-lymphocytes using lectin agglutination and rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. Thirteen patients received transplants without undergoing prior cytoreductive conditioning. Eleven of these developed donor-dependent T-cell functions, two failed to do this. One of these two as well as two further patients received cytoreductive treatment prior to repeat and to first transplants and in two, complete lymphohemopoietic reconstitution was observed. Of the 15 patients who received transplants, 11 are currently alive. Two recently treated patients remain in the hospital, nine are at home with stable T-cell functions. Normal humoral immune functions have developed upto now in three patients. In the others, gamma globulins are regularly substituted. Complications of acute or chronic GvHD were not observed with the exception of one case who developed transient GvHD of the skin. These results suggest that in a majority of patients with SCID, T-cell functions can develop without GvHD following haploidentical, T-cell-depleted BMT. Exceptional patients require preconditioning to allow donor cell engraftment, an approach that also appears to facilitate reconstitution of humoral immune functions.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative absorption of interleukin-2 by peripheral blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Peripheral blood (PBL) and synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL) from 18 patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from one patient with Reiter's disease (RD) were examined for their capacity to absorb quantitatively interleukin-2 (IL-2) from a standardized, lectin-free IL-2 source. For comparison normal ConA blasts and PBL from various inflammatory and noninflammatory diseases as well as from healthy control persons were studied. IL-2 activity was quantitated by measuring 3H-thymidine-2-deoxyriboside uptake in the IL-2 dependent murine T cell line CTL6. ConA blasts exhibited a high IL-2 absorption capacity and served as a positive control for calibrating the absorption assay. In a population of normal PBL at least 5-10% of ConA blasts were required to detect IL-2 absorption. Significant absorption was assumed if more than 50% of IL-2 activity was removed from 200 microliters of a lectin-free IL-2 standard following incubation with 5 X 10(6) lymphoid cells for 2 h at 4 degrees C; this criterion was fulfilled with 8 out of 20 SFL and 4 out of 14 PBL preparations from RA patients. As a rule SFL absorbed more IL-2 than PBL. Control PBL did not absorb significant quantities of IL-2. PBL from the RD patient apparently produced an IL-2 inhibitor during incubation with the IL-2 standard. IL-2 absorption by ConA blasts and SFL was fully inhibited by preincubation of the absorbing cells with monoclonal anti-TAC antibody, a reagent known to react with the human IL-2 receptor. The results are discussed in view of current concepts of antigen/mitogen induced T cell activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Lymphoid cells in the venous blood of 100 female patients with breast carcinoma. Follow-up studies].

The following blood cells were examined in 100 patients with invasive carcinoma of the breast and 100 control patients without malignant disease: leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and different sub-populations of lymphoid cells. Lymphoid cells were characterized by E-, EA- and EAC-rosetting technique, alphanaphtyl acetate esterase activity and by the ability of latex phagocytosis. Both groups showed no significant differences. In 81 patients undergoing postoperative radiation therapy lymphocytes and lymphoid cells were reduced considerably. These changes were still evident after 12 months (6 months after completion of radiotherapy). Mainly the T lymphocytes were effected by this decrease. A negative effect of the radiation induced reduction of immune competent cells must be discussed and examined further by clinical trials.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1985

The structure of acetomycin. Spectroscopic characterization and X-ray analysis of a bromo derivative.

Acetomycin (1a), known since 1958, has been further characterized by NMR and CD spectra. The 3-acetyl side chain of 1a is reduced selectively by sodium cyanoborohydride yielding the diastereomeric alcohols 2a and 3a, which were esterified to the crystalline bromoacetates 2c and 3c. The structure and absolute configuration of 3c was determined by X-ray analysis. From these data the absolute configuration of 1a followed as 3S, 4S, 5R.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗