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Biomedical subjects

H H Lien

Publications and source records attributed to H H Lien.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Antegrade spermatic vein phlebography in testicular tumors. A preliminary report.

Phlebography of the spermatic veins may yield valuable information about metastases from testicular tumors. Retrograde venous injection of contrast medium is not always possible but the antegrade approach performed in connection with orchidectomy was successful in all of the 5 cases attempted. If funicular lymphography is performed in connection with the removal of the testis, spermatic vein phlebography may be added with a minimum of additional effort. Whenever orchidectomy for malignant testicular tumor is planned, the possible value of additional diagnostic information from spermatic vein phlebography should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary changes at computed tomography in patients with testicular carcinoma treated with cis-platinum, vinblastine and bleomycin.

Computed tomography was performed before and after CVB therapy (cis-platinum, vinblastine, bleomycin) in 42 patients with metastatic testicular carcinoma. Twenty-one of these (3 symptomatic, 18 asymptomatic) developed subpleural pulmonary abnormalities which were streaky or reticular in 7, homogeneous with a broad base against pleura in 3 and had a mixed pattern in 11 patients. Histologic examination was obtained in 3 patients and showed fibrosis with no tumor tissue. Twelve patients with marked CVB induced abnormalities underwent repeat CT within 6 to 24 weeks. Changes disappeared spontaneously in 7, diminished in 3 and increased in 2 of these. Further conventional chest radiography of the latter two revealed complete regression of changes. Pulmonary lesions induced by CVB therapy should be kept in mind at follow-up so that an erroneous diagnosis of tumor progression is not made.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of mediastinal lymph nodes. Anatomic review based on contrast enhanced nodes following foot lymphography.

Normal lymph nodes of the mediastinum are often not visible at CT. Some nodes may become contrast filled after foot lymphography, and these are easily seen in the CT sections. In the present report contrast filling is used to locate the main groups of mediastinal nodes at CT. The anatomy is reviewed and involvement of different nodes in various diseases is discussed.

Foot↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of different criteria for abnormal lymph node size on reliability of computed tomography in patients with non-seminomatous testicular tumor.

The reliability of computed tomography (CT) using different criteria for abnormal size of retroperitoneal lymph nodes (5, 10, 15 mm in largest diameter) was evaluated prospectively in 90 consecutive patients with a non-seminomatous testicular tumor and lymph nodes less than 20 mm at CT. Correlation was made with histologic findings following retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Histologic examination revealed metastases in 38 patients (42%). Using a strict criterion of 15 mm for abnormal node size, sensitivity was 37%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 93% and negative predictive value 68%. A relaxed criterion of 5 mm led to a sensitivity of 71%, specificity 67%, positive predictive value 61% and negative predictive value 76%. Overall accuracy was approximately 70% with the 5, 10 and 15 mm criteria for abnormal size. The inability of a normal scan to exclude metastases was the main limitation of CT.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enlargement of the thymus following chemotherapy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer.

The thickness of the largest thymic lobe at computed tomography (CT) was measured retrospectively in 21 relapse free patients who had undergone chemotherapy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer. CT was performed at initial staging, at completion of chemotherapy and 3 to 12 months later. Enlargement of the thymus occurred in 7 patients, one of whom had a reduced thymic size at the first two examinations after chemotherapy. A temporary reduction was detected in another patient in whom the original thymic size was regained 19 months after start of chemotherapy. The mean age of the group with thymic enlargement was 21 years compared with a mean age of 28 years in the group with no increased size. The age difference between the two groups was significant (p less than 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). To reduce the number of explorative thoracotomies the frequent occurrence of thymic enlargement after chemotherapy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer should be kept in mind.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shape of retroperitoneal lymph nodes at computed tomography does not correlate to metastatic disease in early stage non-seminomatous testicular tumors.

Variety Range (difference between the maximum and minimum transverse diameters in percentage of the minimum diameter) was calculated for 86 lumbar lymph nodes with maximum diameter ranging between 5 mm and 19 mm at CT. The nodes were located within a group (pre- and paracaval, interaortico-caval, pre- and paraaortic) which was removed during primary lymphadenectomy for non-seminomatous testicular tumor. Most nodes were fairly rounded with a Variety Range less than 20%. There was no difference between the largest node in a metastasis group (Variety Range less than 20% in 29 out of 36) and tumor free nodes (Variety Range less than 20% in 39 out of 50). A rounded shape of lymph nodes measuring less than 20 mm on transverse CT sections was not a reliable sign of metastasis in patients with non-seminomatous testicular tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography in primary non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the mediastinum.

Germ cell tumor exists as a primary entity in the anterior mediastinum. In a CT study of two males and one female with primary non-seminomatous germ cell tumors all masses were large and lobulated with a mixed density. The fat planes were for the most part obliterated. A high attenuating border was present around parts of the tumor in all three cases, and the pleura-lung interfaces were irregular. One patient had pericardial and left pleural effusions as well as tumor invasion of the anterior chest wall. An extragonadal germ cell tumor should be considered when CT of the thorax reveals a large mass in the anterior mediastinum of a young adult.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of section spacing on reliability of abdominal computed tomography in early stage non-seminomatous testicular tumor.

Comparison of reliability of CT with contiguous and non-contiguous scan reading was performed in 100 consecutive patients with a non-seminomatous testicular tumor and lymph nodes less than 20 mm at CT. The patients underwent primary lymphadenectomy and histologic examination of removed nodes. Ten mm thick slices at adjacent 10 mm intervals were used and non-contiguous reading was based on sections with uneven numbers. Reading of non-contiguous scans led to drop in sensitivity from 71% to 66% compared with contiguous scans when 5 mm was used as criterion for abnormal node size. Corresponding decrease was from 47% to 39% with the 10 mm criterion and from 37% to 26% with the 15 mm criterion. Other parameters were only slightly influenced by the scan reading technique. The benefit of contiguous as opposed to non-contiguous scanning was small in the present series.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography and conventional radiography in intrathoracic metastases from non-seminomatous testicular tumor.

Conventional chest radiographs and CT scans were studied retrospectively in 283 patients with untreated non-seminomatous testicular tumor. Intrathoracic metastases were found in 47 patients, and CT was the only positive examination in 20 of them. Lung metastases were seen in 39 patients and mediastinal lymph nodes were involved in 13. The additional yield of CT in detecting only at CT in 9 out of 13 cases as compared with 14 out of 39 for the lung parenchyma). Posterior mediastinal and retrocrural lymph nodes were most often enlarged, and involvement of these was most difficult to detect at conventional radiography.

Adolescent↗