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Biomedical subjects

H H Kim

Publications and source records attributed to H H Kim.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of milk proteins using preparative isoelectric focusing followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

The major proteins in milks from bovine, caprine, porcine, and murine animals and from humans were compared using a two-dimensional analysis method. In the first dimension, proteins were separated by their isoelectric points using preparative isoelectric focusing in pH gradient of 3 to 10. Twenty fractions from each sample were then analyzed by urea-PAGE and SDS-PAGE. Two-dimensional gels showed characteristic patterns for each milk. Major bovine milk proteins were identified and used as reference for proteins of other mammals. Additionally, some peptides resulting from plasmin hydrolysis were characterized. Caprine milk proteins showed a pattern similar to that of bovine milk except for the absence of alpha s1-caseins. alpha-Lactalbumin of bovine and caprine milks resolved as two bands in an immunoblot using bovine alpha-lactalbumin antibody. Each band corresponded to normal and glycosylated alpha-lactalbumin. Human, porcine, and murine milk proteins were totally different from those of ruminant milks on the two-dimensional gels. Two-dimensional analysis using preparative isoelectric focusing, followed by PAGE, was a useful method to compare major milk proteins in several mammals because of the rapid simultaneous separation into 20 fractions. This fractionation allows additional analytical procedures for more efficient comparison of chemical and physical properties of the proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Developmental abnormalities of the female reproductive tract.

Development abnormalities of the female reproductive tract have a vast array of presentations and etiologies. This review outlines the etiologies, treatments and long-term follow-up of significant developmental anomalies of the female reproductive tract.

Androgens↗
PubMed1994

Primary angiosarcoma of the spleen. CT and MR imaging.

The CT and MR findings in 2 patients with surgically proven splenic angiosarcoma are presented. Two distinctive radiologic and pathologic patterns were observed: total tumor replacement of the spleen with preservation of normal contour or multiple nodular masses in the spleen. The various findings on CT and MR imaging reflected the hemorrhagic nature of the lesions with increased iron content. MR imaging appeared to be superior to CT in demonstrating these features. In the case of focal lesions, radiologic differentiation from lymphoma or metastasis was impossible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cumulus oophorus as a sperm sequestering device, in vivo.

The cumulus oophorus, unique to the egg of eutherian mammals, has been suggested to function either in egg transport to the oviduct ampulla, in avoidance of polyspermy, in enhancement of sperm fertilizing ability, or in sperm guidance to the egg. To examine its role further, the content of the oviduct ampulla was collected at 0700-0730 h, 1130-1200 h, or 1600-1700 h on the day of ovulation from rats mated once or more than once, and analysed with an emphasis on sperm distribution in the ampullary fluid, in the cumulus, and in the eggs. The distribution of spermatozoa between cumulus and ampullary fluid was highly skewed (ca. 9:1) at all times in favor of the cumulus. In 14.1% of the ampullae collected by 0730 h the only spermatozoa present were those already within eggs; and in many other ampullae then there were no more than one or so additional spermatozoa outside fertilized eggs--a testament to the efficiency of the mechanisms that ensure an early meeting of gametes in the oviduct. There was a gradual increase in the total number of spermatozoa in the ampulla throughout the day of ovulation, and the time of eventual cumulus dispersal later in the day generally reflected the number of spermatozoa within it, rather than the occurrence of fertilization per se. These observations suggest that the cumulus oophorus sequesters and brings to the immediate vicinity of the eggs the few spermatozoa which gain the ampulla at or soon after ovulation, so favoring early fertilization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sperm/egg binding patterns and oocyte cytology in retrospective analysis of fertilization failure in vitro.

Failures of fertilization in in-vitro fertilization have been often linked to visually recognizable defects in spermatozoa, and occasionally to anti-sperm antibodies. However, some total failures and the frequent lack of fertilization in some eggs of normal appearance (partial failure) often remain unexplained. Simple evaluation of the configuration of sperm binding to the zona pellucida and of the oocyte features revealed by acetic alcohol fixation and lacmoid staining, may provide diagnostic clues in this respect. Among 25 cases of unanticipated total failure, this approach identified some men with normal semen analyses whose spermatozoa displayed either a total inability to bind to the zona or, after binding, an inability to intrude into the zona matrix. However, in 10 of these cases significant numbers of spermatozoa were bound to and intruded deep into the zona, a pattern consistent with the possibility of an egg defect, specifically a resistance to the passage of spermatozoa past the inner portion of the zona pellucida. Such a block also appeared to be the main cause of fertilization failure among 442 unfertilized eggs from 154 partial failure patients. As in the total failures, the inability of apparently competent spermatozoa to penetrate the zona was often associated with ooplasmic anomalies (refractile bodies, extra groups of chromosomes, chromatin rings or masses, one or more pronuclei with one or no polar bodies, and other occasional anomalies). These anomalies occurred in 79.4% of this unfertilized oocyte subset, in contrast to a 27.4% incidence in 238 oocytes not fertilized because of sperm defects. Simple retrospective assessment of sperm binding patterns and oocyte cytology can be a valuable complement to semen analysis in diagnosis of fertilization failure in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effects of starvation and refeeding on adult male rat diaphragm contractility, fatigue, and fiber types.

The effects of 4.5 days of acute starvation, either alone or followed by refeeding (ad libitum), on diaphragm contractility, fatigue, and fiber types were studied in male rats. Contractility and fatigue resistance indexes were measured in an in vitro costal diaphragm strip preparation with direct stimulation at 37 degrees C. Compared with controls, starvation produced a 28 +/- 1% (P < 0.001) reduction in body weight and an 18 +/- 4% (P < 0.001) reduction in costal diaphragm weight. Twitch and tetanic tensions (normalized for weight or cross-sectional area) were not reduced by starvation. Starvation produced significant increases in fatigue resistance indexes after a 5-Hz stimulation paradigm but not after a 100-Hz paradigm, supporting the hypothesis that fatigue resistance is dependent on the energy demand of a given paradigm. The proportions of type I and type II fibers were similar between diaphragms of starved and control rats, but the cross-sectional area of type II fibers decreased significantly by 18 +/- 7% (P < 0.01). Thus, despite the significant decrease in diaphragm weight after starvation, contractility was preserved and fatigue resistance was increased (low-output paradigm). This is consistent with the decrease in type II fiber area. Refeeding restored all parameters so that there were no longer significant differences in body or diaphragm weight, contractility, fatigue, or fiber types.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Local recurrence after surgery for gastric carcinoma: CT findings.

Local recurrence of gastric carcinoma after surgery is defined as histologic evidence of a tumor in the surrounding tissues of the resected stomach. Compared with the large number of articles describing tumor recurrence after colectomy for colonic carcinoma, few reports have been published on the CT findings after gastrectomy. We illustrate the CT features of local tumor recurrence after gastrectomy in 36 patients in whom recurrence was confirmed pathologically or by definitive findings on CT scans.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of the immunologic mechanism of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for superficial bladder tumors: distribution and function of immune cells.

Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) administration has been used as an adjuvant therapy after transurethral resection for superficial bladder cancer, but the exact mechanisms of its antitumor activity are not yet known. The aim of this study was to characterize the immunologic aspects of antitumor activity of BCG using an animal model. C3H/He inbred mice and murine bladder tumor cell line, MBT-2 were used. The changes in immune cells such as helper T cells, suppressor T cells, macrophages and natural killer cells in the bladder and spleen were analysed by immunohistochemical method in intravesical BCG instilled in normal bladder, MBT-2 implanted after electrocauterization of the bladder mucosa and MBT-2 implanted and intravesical BCG treated group. The changes in natural killer cell activity of the splenocytes and peritoneal lymphocytes were evaluated using 51chromium release assay at regular time intervals following intraperitoneal BCG instillation. The prophylactic anticancer effect was evaluated by observing the tumor growth in the intravesically BCG treated group after intravesical MBT-2 implantation. In immunohistochemical examination, a remarkable infiltration of macrophage and helper T cell was observed in the lamina propria of the bladder, and the helper and suppressor T cells ratio (Th/Ts ratio) was increased after intravesical BCG therapy. In 51chromium release assay, enhanced natural killer cell activity of the splenocytes and peritoneal lymphocytes was observed after intraperitoneal BCG inoculation. The growth of implanted tumor was suppressed following intravesical instillation of BCG. These results suggest that the antitumor activity of BCG is not related to the simple inflammatory reaction but to the local and systemic immune response in which helper T lymphocytes and mononuclear cells play an important role.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unsuspected meningitis diagnosed by In-111 labeled leukocytes. A case report.

Clinically unsuspected bacterial meningitis was found in a patient with fever of unknown origin. Blood and urine cultures were negative for growth. Chest radiography and abdominal CT were negative for infection. Triple-phase bone imaging was performed to rule out osteomyelitis from a gunshot wound. A left posterior iliac crest hot spot may have represented osteomyelitis, but In-111 labeled leukocyte imaging instead disclosed unsuspected meningitis. The CSF culture after the imaging was positive for Enterobacter aerogenes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intravesical mitomycin C instillation as a prophylactic treatment of superficial bladder tumor.

A study was performed to determine the prophylactic efficacy of intravesical mitomycin C instillation in 43 patients with recurrent (more than 3), multiple (more than 3) or large (more than 3 cm.) superficial bladder tumors (stage Ta or T1). Of the patients 21 were treated with 8 weekly intravesical instillations of 40 mg. mitomycin C after transurethral resection and 22 were followed conventionally. The recurrence rate was 42.9 per cent in the mitomycin C group and 40.9 per cent in the controls during the first 3 months, and it was 81.0 and 77.3 per cent, respectively during 24 months. Recurrences per 100 patient-months were 8.7 and 8.9, respectively. Two patients in the mitomycin C group and 4 controls had recurrent tumors with progression in stage. We conclude tentatively from these observations that intravesical mitomycin C instillation is not effective in the prophylaxis of tumor recurrence in patients at high risk. This finding is contrary to other reports indicating a marked decrease in recurrence with mitomycin C.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1981

Sciatin: immunocytochemical localization of a myotrophic protein in chicken neural tissues.

A mytotrophic protein (sciatin) purified from chicken sciatic nerves has "trophic" or "maintenance" effects on cultured muscle. We have elicited a specific antiserum against purified sciatin in rabbits. Using this antiserum, we investigated the distribution of sciatin in embryonic and adult chicken tissues by an unlabeled peroxidase-an-tiperoxidase method at the light microscopic level. The antiserum stained adult chicken neural tissues in situ and cultured embryonic chick neurons. Staining was intense in the cell bodies of spinal cord neurons and the axoplasm of sciatic nerves. These was reaction product seen in the outer margins of myelin sheaths that corresponded to the Schwann cell cytoplasm. Cerebral cortical neurons were weakly stained by the antiserum. No staining was apparent in oligodendrocytes or astrocytes. Nonneural tissues, such as skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle, kidney, and liver, were also unstained by the antiserum. Cultured spinal cord neurons, cerebral cortical neurons, and sensory neurons were stained immunocytochemically by the antiserum. There was no reaction product seen in the glial cells that are usually present in neuronal cultures or cultured cells from liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Our results thus show that the myotrophic protein is localized in neuronal perikarya and their processes in vivo as well as in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic carcinoid tumor with obstructive pancreatitis: multislice helical CT appearance: case report.

Carcinoid tumor of the pancreas is rare. Moreover, obstructive pancreatitis secondary to a pancreatic carcinoid tumor is extremely rare. We report a case of pancreatic carcinoid tumor in a 50-year-old male who presented with pancreatitis. On multislice helical computed tomography, the main pancreatic duct was obstructed by a small round tumor, and the main pancreatic duct proximal to the tumor was dilated. The correlation between the main pancreatic duct and the tumor was well depicted on minimum intensity projection image. This is the first report of multislice helical computed tomorgraphic and minimum intensity projection image findings of a pancreatic carcinoid tumor presenting with pancreatitis.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-translational modifications of immunoglobulin G: a mouse IgG variant that lacks the entire CH1 domain.

In the present study, we characterized the post-translational modifications of a short-chain variant of mouse IgG2a that lacks the entire CH 1 domain. The short-chain IgG2a and its proteolytic fragments were subjected to electrospray ionization- and fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometric analyses. It has been demonstrated that approximately 14% of the heavy chain of the short-chain IgG2a is O-glycosylated with a disaccharide of Ga1-GalNAc- at Thr220A in the hinge region. while the Oglycosylation does not occur in its parent IgG2a molecule. Two additional modifications have been detected at the C-termini of both the heavy and light chains of the short-chain IgG2a. Biological significance of the post-translational modifications of the short-chain IgG2a variant is briefly discussed.

Alkylation↗