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Biomedical subjects

H Gulliksson

Publications and source records attributed to H Gulliksson.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Storage of platelets in additive solutions: a new method for storage using sodium chloride solution.

The in vitro effect of 6-day storage of platelets prepared from 6 pooled buffy coat (BC) units and stored in a platelet storage medium containing approximately 40 percent CPD-plasma and 60 percent platelet additive solution (PAS) was evaluated. PAS is composed of sodium and potassium chloride, citrate, phosphate, and mannitol. The total count of platelets per pooled unit included in the in vitro studies (n = 25) was 376 +/- 59 x 10(9) (mean +/- SD). The present study included three steps. 1. Evaluation of platelet storage in one (n = 7) and two (n = 6) 1000-mL polyolefin containers using PAS. During storage in one container, significantly lower values were found for pH, pO2, glucose, ATP, and the ratio of ATP to AMP+ADP+ATP. The values for mean platelet volume, pCO2, lactate, and extracellular adenylate kinase activity were significantly higher. These results indicate that storage in only one polyolefin container is not appropriate for maintaining satisfactory platelet quality. During storage in two polyolefin containers, a remarkably decreased lactate production (0.07 +/- 0.02 mmol/day/10(11) platelets) was noted. 2. PAS was substituted for saline during 6-day storage in two 1000-mL polyolefin containers (n = 12). The composition of the platelet preparations was the same in all other respects. Similar in vitro results were noted with PAS and saline, which indicated that PAS has no specific effect on the storage of platelets different from that of saline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

An alloimmunized, thrombocytopenic patient successfully transfused with acid-treated, random-donor platelets.

Alloimmunized, thrombocytopenic patients, refractory to random-donor platelet transfusion, often respond to HLA-identical single-donor platelets. HLA-compatible platelets are expensive, take time to prepare, and donors are sometimes not to be found. We have used random-donor platelets and 'peeled' the HLA-antigen off the platelets, using a modified laboratory method (incubation of platelets with citric acid solution at 0 degrees C). Platelet recovery in two healthy subjects was 72.0% for acid-treated platelets, and 73.5% for untreated control platelets, using 111In-labelled autologous platelets. Survival time (multiple hit) was 6.25 and 7.95 d, respectively. Random-donor platelets that were strongly positive in the crossmatch with serum from a patient became negative after treatment with the acid solution. Furthermore, transfusion of these platelets gave a post-transfusion, platelet-count increment comparable with transfusion of HLA-compatible single-donor platelets.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1991

Storage of platelets in a new plastic container. Polyvinyl chloride plasticized with butyryl-n-trihexyl citrate.

The effect of storage of platelets in a new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic material with a butyryl-n-trihexyl citrate (BTHC) plasticizer (PL 2209) was evaluated. The PL 1240 container, i.e. PVC plastic with a different plasticizer, tri-(ethylhexyl)-tri-mellitate, was used as a reference. Measurements of pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose, lactate, adenosine triphosphate, total adenine nucleotide content, lactate dehydrogenase and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were made during 5 days of storage. Similar results were noted comparing PL 2209 and PL 1240. Differences in pO2 and pCO2 indicate greater gas permeability in PL 2209 than in PL 1240. Significantly higher PF4 levels were found in PL 2209, but the difference could not be attributed to the PL 2209 container itself. Paired autologous reinfusion studies (111Indium) of 6 normal donors gave mean recovery values after 5-day storage of 41.1 +/- 7.4% (PL 2209) and 45.5 +/- 7.7% (PL 1240), t1/2 66 +/- 13 and 75 +/- 5 h, survival time (linear model) 6.3 +/- 1.0 and 6.8 +/- 0.7 and survival time (multiple-hit model) 6.0 +/- 0.7 and 6.5 +/- 0.4 days, respectively. Only the difference in survival time (multiple-hit) was significantly higher in PL 1240. The corrected count increments at 12-24 h following transfusion were 13,300 +/- 10,800 (PL 2209) and 13,600 +/- 11,600 (PL 1240) with no statistically significant difference found. These results indicate PL 2209 as an equivalent alternative to PL 1240 for the 5-day storage of platelets.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1990

Pharmacokinetics of cytosine arabinoside in cerebrospinal fluid and of its metabolite in leukemic cells.

Concentrations of ara-CTP in leukemic cells isolated from CSF and of ara-C in lumbar CSF were measured following intraventricular ara-C administration in two girls with refractory meningeal leukemia. CSF samples were collected with a permanent intrathecal-lumbar catheter. In contrast to the comparatively short retention of ara-C in the CSF (t1/2 1.8 to 2.9 hours), there was a high accumulation and an extremely long retention of ara-CTP in the leukemic cells (t1/2 8.1 to 36 hours). The patients included in this study had an ara-C-resistant disease. No obvious relationship was seen between concentrations of ara-C in the CSF and of ara-CTP in the leukemic cells. Similar studies were performed after simultaneous intraventricular administration of hydrocortison and ara-C. Hydrocortison did not increase ara-CTP retention in the leukemic cells, nor did it effect CSF pleocytosis.

Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Preservation of red blood cells: content of microaggregates and di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) in red blood cells stored in saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) medium.

The content of microaggregates was determined in leukocyte-poor red blood cells (RBC) after 5 weeks of storage in citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)-adenine plasma and in saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) medium. The size range was 3,600-200,000 fl, corresponding to a particle diameter of 19-73 micron, presuming a spherical particle shape. In comparison with CPD-adenine whole blood (100%), the total number of particles per unit of RBC was found to be 41.2% (CPD-adenine anticoagulant) and 25.4% (SAGM medium). The corresponding data for total particle volumes were 43.3 and 30.3%. The significant differences between the two categories of RBC could not be explained on the basis of differences concerning pH or cell composition. A majority of particles (50-62%) was observed in the lowest size range (19-29 microns), corresponding to only 18-26% of the total particle volume. The accumulation of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) was determined in two variations of RBC stored in SAGM medium and in RBC stored in CPD-adenine plasma. The quantities of DEHP per unit of RBC after 5 weeks were significantly smaller in SAGM medium (9.0 +/- 3.6 and 22.7 +/- 6.1 mg, respectively) compared to CPD-adenine plasma (30.1 +/- 9.5 mg).

Adenine↗
PubMed1985

Studies on blood coagulation activity during storage of red cell products intended for transfusion.

Preservation of red blood cells in special media, such as saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) solution involves storage at a citrate and plasma protein concentration much lower than found in normal CPD or CPD-adenine plasma. In the present study, the effects on the coagulation and other connected enzymatic systems in SAGM medium have been investigated. Significantly higher levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and plasma kallikrein activity were observed in the SAGM medium compared to CPD plasma, indicating an increased enzymatic activation in the SAGM medium. For this reason storage of red cells in SAGM solution, supplemented with citrate, was tested and compared with storage in SAGM and CPD plasma. The results demonstrate a positive effect of citrate as an added ingredient in the SAGM solution. Significantly lower levels of primarily FPA but also decreased activities of plasma kallikrein and general proteolysis were noticed. The decreased citrate concentration in Red Blood Cells stored in SAGM protein poor medium must be considered to have a destabilizing influence on the coagulation and on other connected enzymatic systems.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1983

Preservation of red blood cells: studies of erythrocyte adenine nucleotides using luminescence analysis.

The levels of ATP and total adenine nucleotides (ATP + ADP + AMP) were determined by firefly luciferase assay in red blood cells during storage for 5 weeks at 4 degrees C. With few exceptions, no significant differences in nucleotide levels were found between whole blood stored in CPD-adenine and various preparations of red blood cells in CPD-adenine or CPD with saline-adenine-glucose (SAG) as additive. The levels of ATP and total adenine nucleotides during storage are discussed in relation to glucose levels, extracellular pH and shelf life of the red blood cells.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1983

Leakage of adenylate kinase from stored blood cells.

The bioluminescent firefly luciferase assay for ATP was used to measure adenylate kinase activity in plasma. The formation of ATP from ADP was measured continuously in a coupled assay using a luminometer. Optimal analytical conditions were determined for the coupled reaction. The assay was used to follow accumulation of adenylate kinase in plasma of different preparations of stored red blood cells. Adenylate kinase was found to be released concomitantly with hemoglobin during aging. There was a high degree of correlation between the amount of accumulated hemoglobin and adenylate kinase. The assay was also used to measure lysis of stored platelets during aging.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Methodological aspects on the firefly luciferase assay of adenine nucleotides in whole blood and red blood cells.

The firefly luciferase assay of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is used in a simple procedure for the determination of adenine nucleotides in whole blood and red blood cells. Cells are lysed with cold trichloroacetic acid and nucleotides are determined in the lysate after dilution with buffer. In a comparative study with the spectrophotometric assay of ATP, extracts were prepared by centrifugation of the lysate to remove interfering turbidity. This step resulted in a significant loss of ATP in the clear supernatant. This loss could be avoided by determination of ATP by the firefly luciferase assay in diluted uncentrifuged lysates. The yields of ATP, ATP + ADP and ATP + ADP + AMP were compared in a red blood cell preparation after lysis with trichloroacetic acid and another lytic method based on the detergent triton X-100. The precision was better with acid whereas yields were essentially the same with both methods. The method of standardization, external or internal, was of little practical importance regarding yields and precision, but internal calibration is recommended to ensure that there is no interaction of the luciferase reaction with lytic reagent or sample.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of platelets prepared by apheresis and stored for 5 days. In vitro and in vivo studies.

To evaluate the effect of storage on apheresis platelets collected with a closed-system blood cell separator, an in vitro investigation was performed, with measurements of pH, lactate, ATP, the ratio of ATP to the total adenine nucleotide content, and adenylate kinase. Unmodified apheresis platelets and apheresis platelets with plasma added were compared with conventional platelets stored in PL-1240 or PL-732 plastic containers. During 6 days of storage, there were similar changes in all variables with one exception: the extracellular activity of adenylate kinase was lower in apheresis platelets with plasma than in the other three groups (p less than 0.01). In vivo studies were carried out with 111Indium-labeled autologous platelets in eight volunteers. Apheresis platelets with 100 mL of plasma added were stored in two 1000-mL containers (PL-732) at 22 degrees C during agitation. Platelets from one of the containers were labeled with 111Indium and transfused into the volunteer within 24 hours. Platelets from the other container were labeled after 5 days of storage and transfused into the same donor. There were no significant differences between apheresis platelets stored for 1 day and those stored for 5 days: the mean percentage of recovery was 58.4 and 57.6 percent, t1/2 was 69 and 67 hours, and the survival time was 5.5 and 5.6 days, respectively.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenylate kinase as a marker for platelet lysis.

The level of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is often used as an indicator for the leakage of cytosolic platelet contents. The objective of this investigation was to study the possibility of using a different enzyme, adenylate kinase (AK), as a substitute for LDH. A bioluminescent assay was used, and three different platelet storage containers were studied. In a comparative study of AK and LDH activities during platelet storage, similar results were obtained, but some differences were also observed. Because more AK (in percentages) than LDH is contained in platelets, the initial levels of AK are lower than those of LDH. The release of AK activity from damaged platelets is delayed or is somewhat lower than that of LDH. The amount of AK activity released per platelet is correlated with the volume of the platelet units. A smaller volume entails increased AK activity. This observation applies to all storage conditions investigated, and the results in one of the containers indicate that this is also true for LDH. The results of the investigation demonstrate that similar information is obtained with LDH and AK. AK can be used as an alternative to LDH for studies of lytic processes during platelet storage.

Adenylate Kinase↗