Increased synthesis of hyaluronic acid by a mouse cell line chronically infected with Rauscher leukaemia virus.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Green.
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The antiviral agents interferon and statolon protected cells of the mouse line 3T3 against the transforming effect of simian virus 40. Loss of ability of these agents to protect when added some time after infection indicated that the transformation was already fixed. The cells of exponentially growing cultures became resistant to the protective effect of interferon at a linear rate after infection; after one cell generation, the whole population was resistant. By use of synchronous cultures, it was shown that, in cells passing though the G-1 period of the growth cycle, the transformation did not pass the interferon-sensitive stage, whereas cells in S [the period of cellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis] readily passed this stage (i.e., became interferon-resistant). An irreversible step in transformation appeared to occur in cells synthesizing DNA, and it seems likely that replicating cellular DNA was the target of the viral action.
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A quantitative system has been developed for the study of transformation of human diploid fibroblasts in culture by two oncogenic viruses, SV40 and the E46 strain of adeno 7-SV40 "hybrid" virus. Seven of the eleven cell strains derived from human skin biopsies when infected with SV40 (10(9) tissue culture infective doses per milliliter) gave rise to transformed colonies with approximately the same frequency (0.03 percent). Two strains derived from patients with Fanconi's anemia, an autosomal recessive disease associated with a high incidence of chromosome abnormalities and spontaneous neoplasms, gave values more than ten times higher. Two strains from persons heterozygous for this gene were also considerably more susceptible to viral transformation.
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