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Biomedical subjects

H Goto

Publications and source records attributed to H Goto.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Veno-arterial bypass and intraaortic balloon pumping for profound right heart failure--a case report of perioperative right heart infarction].

A combination of veno-arterial bypass (VAB) and intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) was applied to a 54-year-old male patient whose right heart function was severely damaged immediately following aortic valve replacement. A diagnosis of perioperative myocardial infarction was made with findings of severe hypokinesis of the right heart, new Q wave with ST elevation, and increased cardiac escaping enzyme. The VAB was maintained wih a pump flow rate of 2.0-2.5 L/min. The system was exchanged to the second one 42 hours after the surgery. According to repeated on/off testing, the VAB was successfully weaned on the 5th postoperative day followed by weaning IABP on the 6th postoperative day. This case report shows a recovery from isolated right heart failure by an immediate switching from a cardiopulmonary bypass to VAB and IABP.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1996

[Natural killer cell lymphoma having a nodular shadow in the lung as an initial finding, developed to leukemia complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome at the time of relapse].

A 57-year-old female was admitted to Uji hospital for the further evaluation of nodular shadow on her right lung. During the period of admission, she developed cervical lymph node swelling. She was diagnosed as having malignant lymphoma (diffuse, small cleaved cell) by lymph node biopsy. She received combined chemotherapy and obtained partial remission for seven months until she developed fever and pancytopenia. Laboratory data showed increased number of large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) in blood. Bone marrow revealed increased number of LGLs with hemophagocytosis by macrophage. Surface marker analysis revealed LGLs were positive for CD2 CD16, and CD56 and negative for CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD20. T-cell receptor genes beta and gamma were in germ line configuration. Analysis of Epstein-Barr virus genome using termini probe indicated a monoclonal proliferation of LGLs. Reexamination of the biopsy specimen of lymph node revealed LGLs which was negative for CD3 and CD20. The patient was diagnosed as a leukemic phase of natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). Serum levels of interferon-gamma, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-6 increased, which might be related to HPS.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1996

Effects of dietary fiber on prostanoid concentrations in cecal mucosa of rats.

Changes were investigated in prostanoid contents in cecal mucosa of rats fed with guar gum, a fiber diet. The rats were divided into 3 groups, the control group fed non-fiber diet and 2 groups fed respectively diets containing 7.5% and 15% of guar gum. Twelve rats in each group were sacrificed 10, 20, and 30 days respectively after initiation of diets, and length and weight of cecum and prostanoid contents in cecal mucosa were determined. The length and weight of cecum increased significantly 10 days after commencement of the fiber diets, and more remarkable changes were observed in the 15% fiber diet group. The ratio of prostaglandin (PG) E2 to PGD2 (PGE2/PGD2) was also increased by the content of guar gum dependently. These results suggest that alteration in prostanoid profiles is implicated in the fiber diet-induced enlargement of large bowels.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Rapidly progressive T-cell angiocentric lymphoma with CD56+ phenotype involving bilateral orbits and skin in a patient with anti-HTLV-I antibody].

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of left exophthalmos in July, 1991. Biopsy specimen of a tumor in the left orbit suggested an inflammatory pseudotumor. The orbit was irradiated and the exophthalmos disappeared. During admission, an erythema was noted on her anterior chest wall. After discharge, right exophthalmos and generalized skin eruptions developed. The skin eruption on her anterior chest wall was histopathologically diagnosed as angiocentric lymphoma and she was readmitted. Since her serum was positive for anti-HTLV-I antibody, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma was suspected. Chemotherapy yielded limited relief of the right exophthalmos and transient fading of the skin eruptions. She died due to progression of the disease. Close examination of the skin eruption on the calf revealed that the lymphoma cells were CD56-positive immunohistochemically and electron microscopy revealed that they had large membrane-bound granules. Rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta chain gene was observed. Incorporation of HTLV-I proviral DNA was not observed. Re-examination of the left orbital tumor confirmed the infiltration of these lymphoma cells. This is a rare case of T-cell lymphoma with NK cell phenotype involving orbits and skin, and showing a rapid clinical course.

CD56 Antigen↗
PubMed1996

[Association between dental erosion and exposure to acids in a chemical factory].

An examination of dental erosion status and a semi-quantitative assessment of exposure to acids were carried out for 134 workers in a chemical factory in Osaka Prefecture, and an association between the dental erosion and the exposure to acids was discussed. 1) Percentage of workers with dental erosion of grade + or more among the subjects was 30.6%. 2) Most of the erosion was observed in the front teeth. There were more eroded teeth in the upper jaw than in the lower jaw. 3) The workers were divided into 4 groups according to job type at the time of the examination: production, research, clerical work and others. The production workers, those routinely handling a large amount of various kinds of acids, was the highest proportion of workers with eroded teeth. Because some of the clerical workers had previously handled acids, this group of workers included a larger number of those with dental erosion than the other two groups. 4) More than half of the workers who had been engaged in production had eroded teeth including those of grade +/- 5) The intensity of exposure to acids, as a semi-quantitative index for cumulative exposure to acids, was calculated in each worker from a score for the job type and its duration. A significant association was observed between the intensity and the manifestation of dental erosion.

Acids↗
PubMed1996

[Longitudinal study on association between care conditions and mortality among frail elderly living at home].

In order to elucidate the association between care conditions and mortality rate, a two year longitudinal study was performed on 115 frail elderly living at home. The main results were as follows; 1. Of the 115 frail elderly, 45 persons (39.1%) died during the two years. 2. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors were correlated to their death: age, activities of daily living (ADL), type of bedding. 3. Although ADL level was lower in the bed group than the Japanese style bed (futon) group at the first survey, survival rate was 69.8% in bed group and 47.5% in futon group. The relative risk of death with beds was 0.61 (95% confidence intervals 0.38-0.96) and was statistically significant.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

[A case of Iotrolan encephalopathy].

A case of Iotrolan encephalopathy is reported. A 66-year-old woman, suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage, was admitted to our department on January 17th, 1995. After an operation for aneurysmal clipping and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, she was discharged with no neurological deficiency. CT scan revealed ventricular enlargement and slight periventricular lucency. She was re-admitted on January 4th, 1996. She was suffering from nausea, vomiting, right hemiparesis, right hemi-hypesthesia and disturbance of consciousness. CT scan demonstrated right thalamic bleeding and bilateral ventricular hemorrhage. Further ventricular enlargement was also revealed. With medical treatment, her symptoms were relieved gradually. But disorientation and memory disturbance continued. Shuntography with Iotrolan was performed on February 2nd, 1996. The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was demonstrated to be occluded on the abdominal side. The volume of Iotrolan used was about 8cc. She became very restless on the night of the examination. Her temperature was up to 38. CT on February 4th demonstrated brain penetration of the Iotrolan. Revision of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, administration of steroids and hydration was performed. CSF findings demonstrated no abnormalities. Her symptoms were relieved gradually. Iotrolan is a non-ionic contrast media of dimer type, composed of C37 H48 I6 N6 O18. Its distinctive features are low distributing coefficient and high affinity with water. Contrasting several reports of Metrizamide encephalopathy, only 2 cases of Iotrolan encephalopathy were reported. Iotrolan is reported to be much safer than Metrizamide. We were able to find brain penetration by Iotrolan. It is expected to be a characteristic radiological finding of encephalopathy induced by contrast media. The mechanism of Iotrolan encephalopathy is obscure. Several theories concerning Metrizamide encephalopathy are proposed. These are (1) inhibition of hexokinase, (2) inhibition of acethylcholinesterase, (3) immunological mechanism and (4) vascular disturbance. Iotrolan has no 2-deoxy-glucose structure. The inhibition theory of hexokinase is least expected. Related matters are circulatory disturbance of liquor, dehydration, excessive contrast media, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, epileptic patients and patients taking phenothiazines. Prompt therapy is important. Removal of contrast media, hydration and administration of steroids should be performed as early as possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Three cases of secondary acute myeloid leukemia after long-term treatment with oral etoposide].

Three cases of secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that developed after long term treatment with oral etoposide were reported. Case 1 was a 72-year-old male in whom small cell lung cancer was diagnosed in January 1987. He developed AML (M4) in February 1993 after long-term treatment with oral etoposide (total dose 14,650 mg) t(9; 11) (p21; q23) with rearrangement of MLL genes was recognized. Case 2 was a 68-year-old female non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was diagnosed in February 1989. AML (M4Eo) with inv(16) (p13q22) developed in March 1994 after long-term treatment with oral etoposide (total dose 5,100 mg). Case 3 was a 39-year-old male in whom NHL was diagnosed in January 1991. He developed AML(M2) with t(11; 19) (q23; p13) in May 1994 after long-term treatment with oral etoposide (total dose 20,450 mg). These three cases suggest that long-term treatment with oral etoposide may be associated with a risk of developing a secondary AML in patient with malignancies.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Monoclonal antibodies against low density lipoprotein with various degrees of oxidative modifications.

Oxidative processes leading to the generation of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) particles have been suggested to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. After initiation of the oxidative process, LDL undergoes a progressive protein and lipid fragmentation. To understand this process and the role of oxLDL in various diseases of inflammatory origin, we have generated mouse monoclonal antibodies against copper-oxidized human LDL. Mice were immunized intrasplenically and after one intravenous boost the spleen cells were fused with the Sp2/0 hybridoma fusion partner. The hybridoma clones obtained after selection and cloning were analyzed for reactivity against oxLDL with various degrees of copper-mediated oxidative modifications. Three hybridoma clones were purified and further characterized. The following observations were made: 1) the intrasplenic route of immunization, avoiding the use of mycobacterial adjuvants, yielded a high frequency of positive clones; 2) the individual hybridomas reacted against LDL with various degrees of oxidative modifications; 3) the monoclonal antibodies could be used in ELISA and to detect oxLDL in immunohistochemical tissue staining, and 4) the monoclonal antibodies also detected oxLDL from hamsters and rabbits. We conclude that these monoclonal antibodies could be useful to further investigate the role of oxLDL in inflammation and in the immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Regulation of valine catabolism in canine tissues: tissue distributions of branched-chain aminotransferase and 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex, methacrylyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase.

To clarify the valine catabolism, the activities of principal enzymes in its catabolic pathway, branched-chain aminotransferase, branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex, methacrylyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, were measured using canine tissues. After killing of beagle dogs, tissues (liver, pancreas, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle and mucosae of digestive organs such as stomach, small intestine and colon) were removed and immediately frozen. Branched-chain aminotransferase activity in liver was the lowest among the tissues measured. In contrast, the activities of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex in liver as well as in kidney were relatively high and the enzyme complex activities were markedly low in small intestine and skeletal muscle. The activities of methacrylyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase were relatively high in all tissues, suggesting that a cytotoxic intermediate, methacrylyl-CoA, is immediately degraded to non-toxic compounds, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate and free CoA. These findings suggest that the consumption of branched-chain amino acids in the absorption site (small intestine) is suppressed in order to supply them to the whole body, in particular to skeletal muscle and that skeletal muscle might act as a storage of gluconeogenic amino acids. The high capacity to dispose methacrylyl-CoA produced in the valine catabolism is suggested to play an important role in protecting cells against the toxic effects of methacrylyl-CoA.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗
PubMed1995

Plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measurement in diagnosis of invasive deep mycosis and fungal febrile episodes.

(1-->3)-beta-D-glucan is a characteristic fungal cell-wall constituent. To assess the clinical usefulness of this glucan in screening for invasive fungal infection or fungal febrile episodes, we measured the plasma concentration at the time of routine blood culture in 202 febrile episodes by means of factor G, a horseshoe-crab coagulation enzyme that is extremely sensitive to this polysaccharide. With a plasma cut-off value of 20 pg/mL, 37 of 41 episodes of definite fungal infections (confirmed at necropsy or by microbiology) had positive results (sensitivity 90%). All of 59 episodes of non-fungal infections, tumour fever, or collagen diseases had concentrations below the cut-off value (specificity 100%). Of 102 episodes of fever of unknown origin, 26 had plasma glucan concentrations of more than 20 pg/mL. With those 102 cases taken as non-fungal infections, the positive predictive value of the test was estimated as 59% (37/63), the negative predictive value as 97% (135/139), and the efficiency as 85% (172/202). The positive predictive value should improve if there were a sensitive gold standard that could discriminate fungal from non-fungal infections. Causative fungi included candida, aspergillus, cryptococcus, and trichosporon. Determination of plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan with factor G is a highly sensitive and specific test for invasive deep mycosis and fungal febrile episodes, and will substantially benefit immunocompromised patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Expression of the nucleoprotein of rabies virus in Escherichia coli and mapping of antigenic sites.

Investigations were performed to delineate the antigenic sites I and IV of rabies virus nucleoprotein (N), the former of which is well conserved among the rabies and rabies-related viruses. The N cDNA of the RC-HL strain was inserted into an expression vector pET3a, with which the E. coli BL21(DE3) was transformed. Upon induction with isopropyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactoside, the transformants produced a protein with a size (56 k-Da) almost identical to that of the authentic N protein. The protein also reacted with a panel of our N protein-specific monoclonal antibodies (N-MAbs) including the antibodies against the antigenic sites I and IV. By using the cDNA, various deletion mutants were generated and expressed in E. coli to examine the reactivity of mutant proteins with N-MAbs by Western blot analysis. Deletion of the C-terminal 67 amino acid residues did not abolish their reactivity with any of the N-MAbs specific for the sites I and IV. When 91 residues or more were deleted from the C-terminus, however, the protein lost the reactivity, indicating that the antigenic sites I and IV are mapped to a small region which is comprised of at most 24 amino acid residues from positions 360 to 383. Comparison of the 24-amino acid sequence with the corresponding region of N protein of several other Lyssavirus strains suggests that the antigenic site I is mapped to positions 360 to 369.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Sequence analysis of cDNA for the VP6 protein of group A avian rotavirus: a comparison with group A mammalian rotaviruses.

cDNA corresponding to the genomic segment 6 of avian rotavirus strain PO-13, which has group A common and subgroup I antigens, but does not hybridize in Northern blots with RNA probes from group A mammalian rotaviruses, was cloned and sequenced. When the deduced amino acid sequence was compared between strain PO-13 and eight group A mammalian rotaviruses, the extent of homology ranged from 73-75%. An alignment of the amino acid sequences allowed us to identify three amino acids (Positions 120, 317 and 350) that may contribute to determining the subgroup epitopes. A phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of nucleotide substitutions in the VP6 gene of nine rotaviruses strongly suggests that the avian rotavirus is an ancestral prototype of mammalian rotaviruses.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Molecular analysis of extracellular-superoxide dismutase gene associated with high level in serum.

Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is one of the SOD isozymes mainly distributed in the extracellular fluid. In the vascular system, it is located on the endothelial cell surface according to studies on the heparin binding capacity. By measurement of serum EC-SOD levels of Japanese in healthy persons (n = 103) and hemodialysis patients (n = 150), 7 healthy subjects and 24 hemodialysis patients were classified into group II associated with high EC-SOD levels. By molecular analysis of the EC-SOD coding region from the group II individuals in Sweden, a single nucleotide substitution of G to C generating an amino acid change of arginine to glycine has been identified in the region associated with the heparin affinity of the enzyme. The same mutation was detected in the Japanese as a homozygote in both alleles of 2 hemodialysis patients and as a heterozygote in one allele of all the healthy group II individuals and 17 hemodialysis patients. The amino acid substitution may result in the decrease of the heparin affinity which is favorable for the existence of EC-SOD in the serum.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Can concordant criss-cross heart be ameliorated by hemodynamic changes?

A 2-year-old female child with "ameliorated" concordant criss-cross heart, complicated superior-inferior ventricles, complete transposition of great arteries, hypoplastic right ventricle, ventricular septal defect, and aortic coarctation is described. The patient underwent subclavian flap, pulmonary artery banding, and balloon atrioseptostomy at age 1 month. The ameliorated concordant criss-cross anatomy was obtained after 2 years of follow-up. This dynamic morphologic change allowed us to perform a subsequent anatomic correction.

Aortic Coarctation↗