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Biomedical subjects

H Golander

Publications and source records attributed to H Golander.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The influence of social support and perceived control on handicap and quality of life after stroke.

It has been suggested that external factors, such as perceived control of life and social support, influence the interactions of impairment, disability and handicap in the WHO model. Therefore, we assessed the effect of these two factors on the relationships between disability, handicap and quality of life in patients recovering from stroke. One hundred individuals, retrospectively and randomly selected from participants in an inpatient stroke rehabilitation program, were tested one year after discharge, using the Functional Independence Measure, the London Handicap Scale, the Life Satisfaction Assessment, the Tel-Aviv Social Support Instrument, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Impairment, disability, handicap and quality of life after stroke correlated positively and significantly with each other. Significant moderation of the influence that disability exerts on handicap was affected by perception of control, and by the influence of handicap over quality of life by social support. Thus, external factors can cause inconsistent interactions between components of the WHO model. Patient outcome may be improved if such factors are considered.

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PubMed2001

Israeli nurses' knowledge of health care reforms.

OBJECTIVES: This study examines health care reforms' implementation processes from the perspective of nurses' knowledge regarding the reforms. The research has been carried out in the Israeli context, where health care reforms were initiated in 1995. Three specific research questions were formulated: (a) What is the level of nurses' knowledge regarding the recommendations of the Netanyahu committee? (b) What is the level of nurses' knowledge concerning the basic principals of the National Insurance Law? and (c) Are there knowledge differences relating to employment setting (hospital, community, and educational settings), nurses' roles (managerial vs. staff nurses), years of experience, and level and type of education? METHOD: The stratified nonproportional random sample consisted of a total of 468 nurses. Of these nurses, 206 were employed in community settings (136 in curative care, and 70 in preventive care), 137 were employed in hospital settings, and 125 worked in schools and departments of nursing. Research tools, developed for the purpose of this study, included the nurses' knowledge questionnaire comprised of five subscales, and the knowledge relevancy questionnaire. RESULTS: Overall, data demonstrated a low to moderate level of knowledge on all knowledge scales. Knowledge level on the criteria questions was particularly low. Contrary to the low level of knowledge, nurses regarded health care reforms' knowledge as highly relevant to their work life. Curative setting, an extensive work experience, managerial position, and non-nursing academic degree were all positively related to higher levels of reforms' knowledge. CONCLUSION: These findings should encourage both policy makers and managers in various health care organizations to develop programs for informing health care providers on central aspects of health care reforms considered most relevant to the practice setting.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Self-identity in older persons suffering from dementia: preliminary results.

In this study, we explored the role-identity of nursing home residents suffering from dementia, as well as the potential for utilizing their enduring sense of self-identity for enhancing their quality of life. Four types of role-identity were explored: professional, family-role, leisure activities, and personal attributes. The methodology included structured interviews and a case study. Participants for the interviews were 38 residents of two nursing homes in Israel. Residents, relatives, and staff members were interviewed to provide information about past roles and the degree to which those roles are maintained in the present, and about strategies for bolstering the sense of self-identity. A large range of roles were identified. All role identities deteriorated significantly, with family roles retaining the greatest prominence in the present. However, much heterogeneity was manifested in all roles. Both staff members and relatives felt that a sense of identity in residents could be enhanced in most of the residents, which would exert a beneficial effect on their well-being. Caregiving respondents anticipated that this improvement would be substantial for about half of the residents. The case study illustrates how self-identity can change throughout dementia, and how it can be utilized to improve quality of life.

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PubMed1998

Which stress matters? The examination of temporal aspects of stress.

In this study, the impact of past experiences, present stressors, and expectations of future stress on psychological distress were explored. Participants were 38 male and 41 female spouses of patients hospitalized with non-life-threatening diseases. Participants completed questionnaires on which they appraised past, present, and future stressors and described their levels of psychological distress. Five models of the relationships between appraisals of past, present, and future stressors with psychological distress were examined. Only one model was confirmed by the data. It suggests that an appraisal of past stressors affects the appraisal of present stressors only indirectly, through its effect on the appraisal of future stressors. This model also maintains that only the appraisal of present stressors affects psychological distress directly. The implications of these findings for stress research are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

The moderating effect of demographic variables on coping effectiveness.

In spite of the theoretical recognition regarding the role of coping as a moderator, empirical findings indicate that it has only a modest effect as such. This study was designed, therefore, to examine the moderating effect of demographic variables (DV) on coping effectiveness, i.e. active cognitive coping, avoidance coping and active behavioural coping. The study sample was comprised of 12 male and 65 female patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were treated in three outpatient clinics of large hospitals in Israel. Findings suggest that demographic variables do play an important, and somewhat surprising, role in the effectiveness of coping strategies to temper psychological distress. Of the various demographic variables studied, marital status was found to have a significant effect on active cognitive coping and avoidance coping, and adherence to a religious belief system was found to have a significant effect on avoidance coping. The implications of the results for coping effectiveness are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Social support: how does it really work?

This study examines social support effect on stress and adaptation through the mediating effect of control. Participants in the study were 12 male and 65 female rheumatoid arthritis patients who were being treated in the outpatient clinics of three large hospitals in Israel. Findings suggest that social support did have a significant effect on stress and adaptation, though this effect was through the mediating effect of control and not as a buffer as was suggested previously. Implications of the results for nursing science are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Stimulating research thinking: the case for mini-research.

1. Nursing faculty of Tel Aviv University developed a tool to improve care in geropsychiatric units. This resulted in the establishment of a national "forum" of geropsychiatric nurse practitioners, administrators, and educators. The forum conducts study days, publishes a journal, and encourages research activities. 2. A major achievement of the forum was the organization of more than 15 mini-research groups of grass-roots nurses guided by an academic adviser. The groups examined nursing interventions, such as dolls as therapy, and specific patient care problems, such as violence, interpersonal relationships among patients, and needs of families. 3. The meetings and mini-research have had a positive impact on quality of patient care, increased family involvement, enhanced self-image of personnel, new ways of thinking, and a model for cooperation between service and academia.

Creativity↗
PubMed1992

The Gulf War: reaction and action in institutions for the aged in Israel.

In order to learn how geriatric centres were coping during the Gulf War (1991), questionnaires were distributed to 116 unit head nurses in 16 institutions in Israel. Additional information was obtained from the directors of nursing and national supervisors in a meeting 3 1/2 months after the cease-fire. Questions focused on organization of work, behaviour of staff, patients and their families, main problems, solutions and recommendations. Data showed a very high level of commitment by staff, flexibility, initiative and creativity in meeting the emotional, physical and safety needs of the aged. Stress level was highest in the 'Scud' areas and among the aged who are mentally alert. Families visited less but increased contact by telephone. Management was supportive with guidance, transport, child care facilities, etc. They also provided beds and food for spouses of the aged residents. Major problems related to safety measures (sealing rooms, moving patients during attacks), physical exhaustion and emotional stress of staff, and reorganization of care programmes. Recommendations included development of a master plan for non-conventional attacks, preparation of buildings with structural improvements, recruitment and training of volunteers, clarification of roles of staff and education for them.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of care for the aged: a multipurpose guide.

There is a growing recognition of the need to evaluate quality of care. As the aged are a particularly vulnerable group, often dependent on care-givers for their remaining years, it is important to control related services. An interdisciplinary workgroup prepared a tool which lists cues to be considered in determining the quality of care for the age in ambulatory services, home care programmes, short-and long-term institutions. The cues fall into six domains: physical environment, psychosocial environment, basic personal care, health care, family involvement and manpower. The tool can be used by clients and families for selecting placement for care; by caregivers in choosing or remaining in a place of work; by those administratively responsible for care, such as supervisors, or licensing bodies for controlling performance and policy; and by other involved persons, such as educators, researchers, volunteers or funding agencies for their specific purposes.

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