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H Gadner

Publications and source records attributed to H Gadner.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemical stain methods for simultaneous cytogenetic and phenotypic characterization of mitotic cells].

Cytogenetic analysis and immunological phenotyping are well established methods for characterizing leukaemic cell populations. The simultaneous evaluation of cell phenotype and karyotype has, however, been established only recently. We present immunocytochemical methods utilizing horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase staining procedures, as well as modified immunoflurescence methods with fluorescein- and rhodamine-conjugated antibodies. Chromosomes were either stained with Giemsa and "stains-all" (immunocytochemical techniques) or chromomycin and distamycin A/DAPI for R- and C-banding (immunofluorescence techniques), respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared and provide representative examples of the various preparations. These methods will contribute to defining the phenotype of cytogenically-normal cells in leukaemias and to assigning different karyotypes to heterogenous cell populations, as well as supporting the search for analysis of residual blast cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Histiocytosis syndromes in children: II. Approach to the clinical and laboratory evaluation of children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Clinical Writing Group of the Histiocyte Society.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has presented problems in diagnosis and in treatment. The definitive diagnosis is a pathologic one. To advance thorough and uniform assessment of these patients, the elements of a complete clinical and laboratory evaluation are presented by the Histiocyte Society. Adoption of a uniform clinical/laboratory approach to these children, coupled with agreed-upon steps to the pathologic identification of LCH, should result in a better understanding and ultimately better and more rational therapies for the disease.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Recurrence of hepatitis B in children with serologic evidence of past hepatitis B virus infection undergoing antileukemic chemotherapy.

Two patients showed an unusual serologic response to hepatitis B virus infection during intensive chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Before treatment, one patient was anti-HBs- and anti-HBc-positive. During intensive chemotherapy these antibodies disappeared and HBsAg and HBeAg became detectable. Twenty months later, still on maintenance chemotherapy, active viral replication with high DNA polymerase levels was present. The second patient developed anti-HBc during the first course of intensive chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. She had anti-HBc and anti-HBe when a bone marrow relapse of the leukemia was diagnosed 3 years later and became HBsAg-positive together with high DNA polymerase levels in the serum while receiving intensive chemotherapy. Clinically no signs of active hepatitis were noted in these patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Myeloid progenitor cells (CFU-GM) predict engraftment kinetics in autologous transplantation in children.

In autologous stem cell transplantation the duration of aplasia may be particularly long. We studied 27 children with a median age of 5 years (1-16), who received 31 autologous grafts, seven of them receiving both bone marrow and peripheral stem cells. Five were transplanted with blood derived stem cells only. The median number of nucleated cells (NC) grafted was 1.04 x 10(8)/kg body weight (range 0.09-6.72). The median number of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) transfused was 0.66 x 10(4)/kg body weight (range 0-11.8). The numbers of NC correlated with the CFU-GM numbers (p less than 0.001), and were inversely correlated with time to recover 1 x 10(9)/l leukocytes and 0.5 x 10(9)/l granulocytes (p less than 0.01), as well as with the appearance of reticulocytes (p less than 0.05). Moreover, the logarithm of the CFU-GM numbers transfused was linearly correlated with the time to recover 1 x 10(9)/l leukocytes and 0.5 x 10(9)/l granulocytes (p less than 0.001), respectively. There also existed an inverse correlation with the first appearance of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood (p less than 0.01). No correlation could be detected with the duration of platelet transfusion dependence. Based on our findings a prediction of time to recover leukocytes, granulocytes and reticulocytes is feasible before grafting with autologous bone marrow and peripheral stem cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

B-cell differentiation pattern of cutaneous lymphomas in infancy and childhood.

This article documents four children with cutaneous lymphomas. Two of them had regional disease and the other two already had disseminated disease when they were diagnosed. Immunophenotyping of the lymphomatous infiltration disclosed a cell antigen profile with pre-pre-B (HLA-DR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+), pre-B (HLADR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+, cytoplasmatic immunoglobulin+), and transitional pre-B characteristics (HLA-DR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+, surface immunoglobulin+). The morphology of the blast cells in all patients showed features of lymphoblastic lymphoma. Two patients had the convoluted cell type in common, but they were immunologically different, one displaying pre-pre-B and the other pre-B immunophenotypes. The remaining two cases were diagnosed as lymphoblastic lymphomas "type others" according to the Kiel Classification, one with pre-B and the other with transitional pre-B characteristics. The morphologic and immunohistochemical parameters as well as the clinical data from the four cases clearly indicate the heterogeneity of cutaneous non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in children.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

Malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumors. A retrospective analysis of 42 patients.

The clinical presentation of the disease and the results of treatment in 42 patients with malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumors (MPNT) entered into the Cooperative Ewing's, soft tissue, and neuroblastoma trials of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology were retrospectively analyzed. Within the Ewing's sarcoma trial, patients with chest wall lesions were particularly analysed for MPNT features. The period of observation ranged from 15 to 86 months; the median relapse-free time was 24 months. There were 28 male and 14 female patients, the median age of patients was 15 years (range, 9 months-23 years). Thirty-two patients had localized disease (M0), and ten patients presented with primary metastases (M1). The predominant location of the tumors was the thoracopulmonary region, followed by the extremities, the abdominal/pelvic, and head and neck region. Thirty-one of 42 tumors involved the adjacent bone. The disease-free survival according to Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis was 56% +/- 11% for Stage M0 patients at 3 years. Nine of ten patients with M1 disease showed progression of their disease. Most patients had combined modality treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Best results were obtained with extensive surgery. Radiation doses ranged from 20 to 60 Gy and could not be correlated with the outcome of the disease. Most recurrences occurred at the site of the primary tumor. In patients with primary chemotherapy after biopsy-proven diagnosis, the responsiveness of this disease to chemotherapy could be demonstrated. Combination chemotherapy containing anthracyclines and high doses of alkylating agents appeared superior.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1988

Multidisciplinary treatment of primary Ewing's sarcoma of bone. A 6-year experience of a European Cooperative Trial.

The German Society of Pediatric Oncology in 1981 initiated the Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Study (CESS 81) using a four-drug combination of chemotherapy prior to definitive local control with surgery and/or radiation. From January 1, 1981 until February 28, 1985, 93 patients were registered at the trial office from 54 participating institutions in West Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. On February 1, 1987, 54 of 93 patients were disease-free. Using the Kaplan-Meier life table analysis, the estimated disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 60% at 36 months and 55% at 69 months. The median period of observation was 29 months, ranging from 22 months to 69 months. Twenty-one of 93 patients (23%) had local failure, 18 of 93 patients (19%) developed systemic metastases. The local failure rate was particularly high in patients treated with radiation and was reduced when radiation planning was centralized within the study based upon the extent of disease at diagnosis. Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors showed that tumor volume was a significant factor influencing prognosis. The estimated 3-year DFS rate was 80% for patients with small tumors (volume less than 100 ml) compared to 31% for patients with large tumors (volume greater than or equal to 100 ml). In patients who had surgery for local control, the histologic response to chemotherapy was analyzed on the surgical specimen and had a strong influence on survival: 79% DFS at 3 years for patients with less than 10% viable tumor (good responders) compared to 31% DFS for patients with more than 10% viable tumor (poor responders). Tumor load and responsiveness to chemotherapy are the two major factors influencing prognosis in patients with primary Ewing's sarcoma of bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The phenotypic spectrum of histiocytosis X cells.

Proliferating cells in histiocytosis X (histiocytosis X cells) share many structural and immunophenotypic features with Langerhans cells, leading to the assumption that histiocytosis X represents a proliferative disorder of Langerhans cells. Because, depending on their state of activation and/or differentiation, Langerhans cells exhibit a varying immunophenotype, we investigated whether histiocytosis X cells display a similar phenotypic heterogeneity and, if so, whether the heterogenous biological behavior of histiocytosis X is reflected by differences in the immunophenotype of the proliferating cells. In 21 patients suffering from different clinical manifestations of histiocytosis X, proliferating cells uniformly expressed class I and II alloantigens, T200, CD1, CD4, and S100 protein. In 12 of 21 cases, histiocytosis X cells additionally exhibited immunocytochemically detectable amounts of C3b and C3bi receptors and certain monocyte/macrophage antigens (CDw14, Ki-M1, Ki-M6). This immunophenotypic heterogeneity of histiocytosis X cells could not be correlated with clinical course, prognosis, and final outcome of the disease in a given patient. The capacity of histiocytosis X cells to immunophenotypically mimic various states of Langerhans cell activation and/or differentiation, however, underscores the concept of histiocytosis X as a proliferative disorder of Langerhans cell origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Poorly differentiated, neuron-specific enolase positive round cell tumor with two translocations t(11;22) and t(21;22).

The authors describe a highly malignant, disseminated round cell tumor originating in the ninth rib of a 14-year-old boy. Extensive studies by means of light and electron microscopic examination, histocytochemistry and immunocytochemistry and cytogenetic analysis revealed an undifferentiated, neuron-specific enolase positive round cell tumor with a unique karyotype: 45,XY,-21,t(11;22)(q23;q11), der(22)t(21;22)(q11.2;p11). Thus, despite the absence of definite morphologic features, such as Homer-Wright rosettes, neurosecretory granules and cytoplasmatic processes, these findings suggest a neuroectodermal origin of this bone tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): results in 14 patients].

Between February 1982 and August 1986 14 patients with AML (median age 24 years, range 10-41) underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 9 patients were grafted in first complete remission, 4 in first relapse, 1 in second relapse and 1 patient with refractory AML. Conditioning consisted of cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and total body irradiation (1000 rad). The patients received methotrexate (n = 12) or methotrexate and cyclosporine (n = 2) for prevention of graft versus host disease. Of the 14 patients, 7 are alive, 7 patients died. Causes of death were recurrence of leukaemia (n = 2), veno occlusive disease of the liver (n = 1), CMV-pneumonitis (n = 1), septicaemia (1), cerebral haemorrhage (1), acute graft versus host disease of the gut (1), necrotizing encephalopathy (n = 1). 7 patients are alive between 124 and 1784 days (median 671) in continuous complete remission. All patients but 1 have a Karnofsky-index of more than 80%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Bone marrow transplantation in chronic myeloid leukemia--experiences in 16 patients].

Between January 1983 and December 1986 16 patients (8 f, 8 m, median age 31.5 years, 14-41) with chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML) received bone marrow grafts from their HLA compatible sibling donors. 11 patients were in the chronic and 4 in the accelerated phase. 1 patient was in lymphatic blast crisis. The patients were pretreated with busulfan (n = 15, total dose: 100-1000 mg, median: 225), mitobromitol (1 pat.), hydroxyurea (2 pats.), pre-irradiation of the spleen with 800 rad (1 pat.) and one patient had received 3 cycles of vincristin and prednisolone. The conditioning regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and total body irradiation (1000 rad, lung 800 rad). The prophylaxis against graft versus host disease (GVH-D) consisted of methotrexate (MTX) in 14 patients and of MTX in combination with cyclosporin-A in 2. At present (January 15th 1987) 9 patients survive 30 to 1210 days (median 1009) post graft (6/11 grafted in chronic, 2 of 4 in accelerated phase and 1/1 grafted in blast crisis. The causes of death were interstitial pneumonitis (CMV-associated, 2 pats.), venoocclusive disease of the liver (2 pats.), acute GVH-D and septicemia (2 pat.) and relapse (1 pat.). The Karnovsky score of 8/9 survivors is 100%, one patient has a score of 70% due to chronic GVH-D. Bone marrow transplantation for CML bears a high risk of early mortality but offers the unique option of permanent eradication of leukaemic haemopoiesis with subsequent long term survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Survival and quality of life in 23 patients with severe aplastic anemia treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT).

Survival and quality of life are reported in 23 pretransfused patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The projected survival is 76% with 18 of 23 patients being alive 332 to 1677 days post graft (median: 842). 5 patients died between day 4 and 416. 12 of 17 patients at risk developed chronic graft versus host disease (GVH-D). 4 of these patients have a diminished quality of life due GVH-D related disabling manifestations. Autologous haemopoietic recovery was excluded in all patients by the demonstration of haemopoietic chimerism. We recommand age-adapted rejection prophylaxis; such strategy may help to diminish disabling graft versus host disease in otherwise haematologically reconstituted survivors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Immunoenzymatic staining methods for simultaneous demonstration of chromosomes and cell surface markers.

We have developed immunocytochemical staining methods for the simultaneous phenotypic and karyotypic characterization of individual cells. Following a mild hypotonic pretreatment, isolated cells are cytocentrifuged on poly-L-lysine coated slides, fixed in formol buffered acetone, and subsequently labeled with monoclonal antibodies utilizing indirect immunoenzymatic staining procedures with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) as second antibodies. Preparations are refixed consecutively in methanol and 45% acetic acid and counterstained with either "Stains-all" (HRP labeled preparations) or Giemsa (APAAP labeled preparations). C-banding or weak G-banding, which allows the identification of individual chromosomes, can be induced in labeled as well as unlabeled mitotic cells by Ba(OH)2 and/or 2 X SSC treatment after refixation, respectively. Our method has been successfully tested with a variety of monoclonal antibodies against lymphoid, myeloid, erythropoietic, and thrombopoietic cell surface antigens. It is fast, allows the adjustment of the intensity of cell surface staining, and results in permanent preparations suitable for light microscopic analysis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗