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Biomedical subjects

H G Prentice

Publications and source records attributed to H G Prentice.

297 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Megakaryoblastic leukemia presenting as acute myelofibrosis -- a study of four cases with the platelet-peroxidase reaction.

Acute myelofibrosis (AM) or malignant myelosclerosis is a myeloprofilerative syndrome in which bone marrow fibrosis is associated with a proliferation of immature myeloid cells. In four patients with typical AM, investigated by the platelet-peroxidase reaction at ultrastructural level, the blast cells were found to be megakaryoblasts. One patient, treated with the drug combination DAT, achieved a complete remission of 5 mo duration. This study supports the view that megakaryoblastic leukemia is the most frequent underlying cause of AM and proposes that it should be classified as a form of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Remission induction with adenosine-deaminase inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin in Thy-lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Two patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of thymic phenotype (Thy-ALL) resistant to all conventional chemotherapy achieved complete remission when treated with 2'-deoxycoformycin, a selectively lymphocytotoxic compound that acts by inhibition of the enzyme adenosine deaminase. These observations show that malignant thymocytes are dependent on adenosine-deaminase activity and suggest that it may be possible to use deoxycoformycin in other patients with Thy-ALL to induce remission or to kill Thy-ALL blasts in bone marrow harvested before autologous bone-marrow transplantation, leaving normal haemopoietic stem cells intact.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1980

Terminal transferase enzyme assay and immunological membrane markers in the diagnosis of leukaemia: a multiparameter analysis of 300 cases.

Multiparameter analyses have been carried out with recently developed enzyme and membrane markers in 300 patients with various leukaemias including ALL, AML, but excluding Ph1 positive leukaemias. TdT enzyme levels were particularly valuable in the differential diagnosis of adult acute lymphoid and myeloid leukaemias. The levels were raised in 108 (94%) of the 115 patients who were considered to be non-T, non-B ALL on membrane marker and morphological analysis; all seven cases giving negative TdT results in this group were young children. Unexpectedly high levels were seen only in three (4.1%) of 73 cases of acute myeloid leukaemia verified by histochemistry and membrane markers. Anti-ALL serum was a most useful reagent in childhood leukaemias but blasts from 19 patients (10% of childhood ALL cases and 29% of adult ALL cases) failed to react with the serum in spite of TdT positivity. Strongly ALL+ blasts were seen only in non-T, non-B ALL and some undifferentiated leukaemias. Weakly ALL+ blasts were seen in seven of 32 cases of thymic ALL (Thy-ALL) but in other respects these blasts expressed Thy-ALL features, such as strong reactivity with anti-T cell (HuTLA) serum, negativity with anti-Ia-like serum and raised TdT. The combination of tests was particularly useful in 32 cases of undifferentiated leukaemia: in 10 of these cases TdT positivity indicated the probable 'lymphoblast', nature of blast cells: the remaining 22 cases remained unclassifiable with the markers used. The analysis revealed other interesting variant forms of leukaemias.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Parenteral acyclovir therapy for herpesvirus infections in man.

Acyclovir is a new antiviral agent which is highly active against herpesviruses in vitro and in laboratory animals. Twenty-three cancer patients with cutaneous and/or systemic herpes zoster or herpes simplex infections were treated with parenteral acyclovir. All had received previous specific treatment for their malignant disease and ten had undergone bone-marrow transplantation. The drug seemed to arrest the progress of the infections and was most effective when given early. Although two patients showed transient increases in blood-urea, possibly the result of acyclovir, the drug was remarkably non-toxic in the doses used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Limited activity of ICRF-159 in advanced acute leukemia.

Twenty-eight patients with advanced acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, 16 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and two with acute undifferentiated leukemia were treated with ICRF-159. No patient achieved a complete remission and only three patients (6%) achieved a partial bone marrow remission. The only significant toxic effect was myelosuppression which probably contributed to the death of six patients. Five patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and one with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received a combination of ICRF-159 and low-dose cytosine arabinoside. There were no remissions in this group and the toxic effects were more marked than with ICRF-159 alone. This study confirms the limited activity of ICRF-159 as a single agent in acute leukemia demonstrated in smaller series, and shows that, when used in combination with low-dose cytosine arabinoside, it was ineffective and resulted in increased toxicity. ICRF-159 alone or in combination with cytosine arabinoside has very limited activity in advanced adult acute leukemia.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1977

Maintenance of remission in acute myelogenous leukaemia by a mixture of B.C.G. and irradiated leukaemia cells.

Thirty patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (A.M.L.) in full haematological remission were allocated alternately to two groups of fifteen patients each. All patients received immunotherapy, given weekly as intradermal and subcutaneous injections of killed allogeneic A.M.L. cells, plus Glaxo B.C.G. given by Heaf gun at a separate site. One group also received a mixture of A.M.L. cells and B.C.G. on 4 occasions early in remission. Four patients in this group have remained in remission for 92 to 134 weeks, whereas all patients in the other group had relapsed by 68 weeks. The findings suggest that cells mixed with B.C.G. may be effective in prolonging remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of Ewing's sarcoma with high-dose melphalan and autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Three patients with disseminated, relapsed Ewing's sarcoma refractory to conventional chemotherapy were treated with high-dose melphalan, cyclophosphamide pretreatment, and bone marrow autotransplantation. Two patients achieved complete remission and one achieved partial remission. The two patients who achieved complete remission remain disease-free at 12 and 13 months. High-dose melphalan is effective when conventional approaches have failed.

Adolescent↗