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Biomedical subjects

H G Pope

Publications and source records attributed to H G Pope.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Phenomenologic relationship of eating disorders to major affective disorder.

We administered the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule to 41 patients with a lifetime history of anorexia nervosa (25 with and 16 without bulimia) and to 49 patients with bulimia alone. Results showed that 77% of the patients with eating disorders had a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-III major affective disorder, a rate significantly higher than that found in comparison groups composed of the first-degree relatives of probands with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. High lifetime rates of anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and kleptomania were also observed. By contrast, few cases of personality disorders and no cases of schizophrenia were found. These findings combine with the results of studies of family history, long-term outcome, response to biological tests, and treatment response to suggest that anorexia nervosa and bulimia may be closely related to major affective disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis hyperactivity in bulimia.

Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, demonstrated by nonsuppression of plasma cortisol in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), has been found in about 50% of patients with major depression. We administered the DST to 47 patients with bulimia and to 22 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Among the bulimics, 47% were nonsuppressors, significantly higher than the 9% prevalence of nonsuppressors in the controls, but similar to the prevalence reported for patients with major depression in other studies. This finding is consistent with evidence from studies of phenomenology, family history, and treatment response which suggest that bulimia may be related to affective disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Management of a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome with bromocriptine.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a rare but potentially fatal side effect of antipsychotic medications, has often proven refractory to conventional antiparkinsonian medications. The authors report a dramatic response of this syndrome to the dopamine agonist bromocriptine mesylate in a patient receiving fluphenazine decanoate.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Bulimia treated with imipramine: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

Bulimia, the syndrome of compulsive binge eating, is a common and often severe disorder frequently resistant to known therapies. Recent evidence suggesting a link between bulimia and affective disorder prompted the authors to perform a double-blind study of imipramine versus placebo with 22 chronically bulimic women. Imipramine was associated with a significantly reduced frequency of binge eating and with improvement on several other measures of eating behavior. On 1- to 8-month follow-up, 18 of the 20 treated subjects (90%) had responded to imipramine or a subsequent antidepressant. This finding augments the growing evidence that bulimia may be related to affective disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Distinguishing bipolar disorder from schizophrenia in clinical practice: guidelines and case reports.

Through the use of more refined diagnostic criteria and biological tests, researchers are finding that affective illness afflicts far more patients and schizophrenia far fewer patients than was formerly believed. The presence of putative "schizophrenic" symptoms is no longer held to be valuable in distinguishing between manic-depressive illness and schizophrenia. The author briefly reviews studies dealing with manic-depressive and schizophrenic symptomatology as well as tentative evidence from treatment-response studies and laboratory studies. Three case reports illustrate the tragedy of misdiagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Family history study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

The 420 first-degree relatives of 14 patients with anorexia nervosa, 55 patients with bulimia, and 20 patients with both disorders were evaluated for the presence of psychiatric illness, using DSM-III criteria, by the family history method. The morbid risk for affective disorder in the families of the eating disorder probands was similar to that found in the families of patients with bipolar disorder; but was significantly greater than that found in the families of patients with schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder. These results add to the growing evidence that anorexia nervosa and bulimia are closely related to affective disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Antidepressant treatment of bulimia: preliminary experience and practical recommendations.

Bulimia--the syndrome of compulsive binge-eating--often proves refractory to standard therapeutic techniques. However, several recent uncontrolled reports and one placebo-controlled study have suggested that bulimia may often respond to antidepressant medications. The present report amplifies on the existing literature with data from 65 consecutive bulimic patients treated with a variety of antidepressants, and offers practical recommendations for pharmacological treatment of bulimia, derived from experience in our center.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of bulimia with antidepressants.

Bulimia is a syndrome of compulsive binge eating that is often associated with serious morbidity and usually resistant to existing psychological or pharmacological treatments. We report use of tricyclic antidepressants in eight bulimic patients, six of whom obtained moderate or marked reduction of their eating binges within 2-4 weeks. This preliminary observation suggests that antidepressants may be of value in treating bulimia and adds to the evidence linking bulimia with affective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A study of DSM-III schizophreniform disorder.

Using five methods of validation the authors evaluated six patients satisfying DSM-III criteria for schizophreniform disorder. These patients did not differ importantly from patients with affective disorders but differed markedly from schizophrenic patients in past psychiatric history, family history, acute treatment response, short-term course, and dexamethasone suppression test results. The findings suggest that schizophreniform disorder, as defined by DSM-III, may not be a valid entity separate from affective disorder and that acuteness of onset, even in the absence of affective symptoms, implies the presence of affective disorder. The authors suggest that a diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder should not exclude patients from treatment with lithium and antidepressants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Factitious psychosis: phenomenology, family history, and long-term outcome of nine patients.

Factitious psychological symptoms are defined in DSM-III as symptoms that are under the patient's voluntary control. Using specific criteria for the presence of voluntary control, the authors identified a cohort of 9 patients with factitious psychotic symptoms from among 219 patients consecutively admitted to a research ward for psychotic disorders. The phenomenology and family history of the patients suggested that they were a homogeneous group. All had similar DSM-III personality disorders, and most had a remarkably poor long-term outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Drug use and life-style among college undergraduates. Nine years later.

A questionnaire study of drug use and life-style among college seniors, previously performed in 1969, was repeated at the same college in 1978 with identical methods. Moderate increases in marijuana use were found; cocaine use had increased dramatically; most other drug use changed only slightly. Differences between users and nonusers, already modest in 1969, had narrowed further by 1978: users and nonusers were indistinguishable on grades, athletics, other college activities, career plans, and subjective alienation. Only heterosexual activity and visits to a psychiatrist still distinguish users from nonusers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Neuroleptic blood levels and therapeutic effect.

Studies attempting to delineate a therapeutic range of blood levels for neuroleptics have yielded conflicting results. The reasons for this are briefly reviewed and a study is described in which a correlation is sought between blood levels of thioridazine and clinical efficacy. The study employs the radioreceptor assay for neuroleptics to detect both parent drug and active metabolites in blood. The results of the study indicate that while dose is a poor predictor of blood levels of medication, blood levels of neuroleptic activity in patients on thioridazine may be very highly correlated with antipsychotic effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Clinical use of the radioreceptor assay for neuroleptics.

The potential clinical utility of the radioreceptor assay for neuroleptics (NRRA) was examined. The NRRA was able to detect neuroleptic activity in blood specimens from patients receiving a variety of neuroleptic medications. For each medication, mean plasma neuroleptic activity was lower in patients showing a poor response to treatment than in those showing a good response. Because the range of plasma neuroleptic activities found was quite different from drug to drug, it appears that results obtained by the NRRA must be standarized for each drug.

Antipsychotic Agents↗