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Biomedical subjects

H Fuse

Publications and source records attributed to H Fuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Pulmonary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by using thoracoscopic biopsy: a case report].

A 70-year-old woman underwent radical nephrectomy for right renal cell carcinoma and received prophylactic interferon-alpha (rHuIFN-alpha) administration for one year. Followup computerized tomography scan showed a small nodule in the right lung 39 months postoperatively. Pulmonary nodules had become multiple and increased in size (6 mm) at 53 months. To examine the pulmonary lesions, histopathologically thoracoscopic biopsy of the right pulmonary nodule was performed and the diagnosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma was confirmed. Because of its minimal invasiveness, thoracoscopic biopsy may be indicated in selected cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate in childhood: a case report].

A case of prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma in an 8-year-old boy is presented. He was referred to Kurobe City Hospital with chief complaints of urinary retention and fever. Radiologic examinations revealed a huge prostatic tumor. Prostatic needle biopsy was performed and the pathological diagnosis was embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate. He was referred to our hospital and treated with chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, actinomycin-D and radiotherapy based on the regimen of IRS III. Total prostatectomy was performed 6 months after the start of therapy. Viable tumor cells were found in the prostate and the left obturator lymph nodes. After the operation, we continued chemotherapy. No recurrence was observed 8 months after the operation. However, local recurrence occurred in the pelvis 10 months after the operation and he died 2 months after the recurrence.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

Polidocanol sclerotherapy for simple renal cysts.

Simple renal cysts were treated by aspiration and injection of the sclerosing agent 3% polidocanol (Aetoxisclerol) in 15 patients. All patients were followed up by ultrasound for 1-24 months. The age ranged from 35 to 81 years. There was 1 recurrence at 1 month. The efficacy of this treatment was 93%. Fourteen cysts completely disappeared, and no recurrence occurred after 1 year. Complications, such as microscopic hematuria, fever and infection, were not observed. The technique of polidocanol sclerotherapy was effective and safe.

Female↗
PubMed1997

A new compound heterozygous mutation in the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in a case of apparent mineralocorticoid excess.

Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) characterized by early-onset hypertension and hypokalemia is due to congenital deficiency of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta HSD). Two isoforms of human 11 beta HSD are known, and the type 2 isoform (11 beta HSD2) has been recently shown to be responsible for AME. In this study we have analyzed the 11 beta HSD2 gene of a Japanese patient with AME. PCR amplification and subsequent nucleotide sequencing of the 11 beta HSD2 gene from the patient and his family members revealed that the patient has a compound heterozygous mutation of this gene. In 1 allele, an undescribed single nucleotide transition in codon 208 in exon 3 resulted in a substitution of arginine to histidine (CGC to CAC: R208H). In the other allele, a deletion of 3 nucleotides in codons 337-338 in exon 5 resulted in a substitution of arginine to histidine and a deletion of tyrosine residue (CGCTAT to CAT: R337H, delta Y338), which has been previously shown to abolish 11 beta HSD2 enzyme activity. A chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay-based expression study involving the mineralocorticoid receptor indicated that the novel R208H mutation eliminates the enzymatic activity of 11 beta HSD2. From the genetic analysis of 50 healthy subjects, the novel R208H mutation was unlikely to be due to polymorphism. Together, these results indicate that this patient is a compound heterozygote for the mutation in the 11 beta HSD2 gene (R208H and R337H, delta Y338) and that these mutations inactivate the 11 beta HSD2 function and give rise to clinically manifest AME.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1997

A new synthetic steroid, osaterone acetate (TZP-4238), increases cortical bone mass and strength by enhancing bone formation in ovariectomized rats.

A new synthetic steroid, 17 alpha-acetoxy-chloro-2-oxa-4,6-pregnadiene-3,20-dione (osaterone acetate, TZP-4238), has a potent antiandrogenic and gestagenic action with virtually no estrogenic and androgenic activity in their classical target organs. In the present study, the effects of TZP-4238 on the structure, strength, and turnover of the rat long bones were examined. Female Wistar rats at 12 weeks of age were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with TZP-4238 or 17 beta-estradiol (E2) every day for 12 weeks. TZP-4238 significantly increased the diameters and maintained bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur of OVX rats. Although the BMD of the total femur was higher in E2-treated rats than that in TZP-treated rats, E2 did not increase the diameters of the femurs. To examine the effects of TZP-4238 and E2 on the BMD of different regions of the femur, the BMD was further analyzed by dividing it into 20 regions of equal longitudinal length. E2 increased the BMD of the distal and proximal metaphysis, regions rich in trabecular bone, but had no effect on the BMD of the femoral diaphysis compared with OVX control rats. In contrast, 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg TZP-4238 increased the BMD of the femoral diaphysis, regions rich in cortical bone, but did not affect the BMD at the distal metaphysis. In agreement with the changes in the BMD of different regions of the femur, TZP-4238 but not E2 increased the physical strength of the femoral diaphysis assessed by a three-point bending test. Histomorphometric analyses of the cross-sections of the tibia revealed that TZP-4238 increased but E2 reduced the periosteal bone formation rate compared with OVX rats. In addition, TZP-4238 caused an increase in serum bone alkaline phosphatase with only a mild and transient decrease in urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion, while E2 reduced both of these parameters. These results demonstrate that TZP-4238 increases the dimension, BMD, and physical strength of the rat long bones by enhancing cortical bone formation, while estrogen maintains trabecular BMD by inhibiting bone resorption. Because the physical strength of long bones is affected by cortical bone mass and geometry, the effect of TZP-4238 on cortical bone may have a potential for the treatment of osteoporosis with reduced cortical bone formation.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1997

Inhibition of bone resorption by pamidronate cannot restore normal gain in cortical bone mass and strength in tail-suspended rapidly growing rats.

To clarify how the changes in bone formation and resorption affect bone volume and strength after mechanical unloading, the effect of inhibition of bone resorption by a potent bisphosphonate, pamidronate, on bone mineral density (BMD), histology, and strength of hind limb bones was examined using tail-suspended growing rats. Tail suspension for 14 days reduced the gain in the BMD of the femur at both the metaphysis rich in trabecular bone and the diaphysis rich in cortical bone. Treatment with pamidronate increased the total BMD as well as that of the metaphysis of the femur but had almost no effect on the BMD of the diaphysis in both control and tail-suspended rats. Histological examinations revealed that 14-day tail suspension caused a loss of secondary cancellous bone with a reduction in the trabecular number and thickness in comparison with control rats. In the femoral diaphysis, the diameter and cortical bone thickness increased to a lesser degree in tail-suspended rats when compared with rats without tail suspension, and a marked reduction in bone formation and the layers of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells was observed at the periosteal side. Pamidronate treatment increased secondary cancellous bone but could not restore normal growth-induced periosteal bone apposition and bone strength. Because the material strength of the femoral diaphysis at the tissue level was not affected by pamidronate treatment, the inability of pamidronate to prevent the reduction in physical strength of the femoral diaphysis does not appear to be due to a change in the quality of newly formed bone. These results demonstrate that tail suspension reduces the growth-induced periosteal modelling drift and that the antiresorptive agent pamidronate is unable to restore normal periosteal bone apposition.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

[Malignant lymphoma of the testis: report of two cases].

Two cases on non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (NHL) of the testis are reported. A 63-year-old man with left painless scrotal swelling underwent orchiectomy. Although prophylactic irradiation was performed under the diagnosis of seminoma, subsequent immunohistochemistry revealed NHL, large diffuse cell type (B type). He had stage IEA disease. Chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin vincristine and prednisolone was performed. The second case was in a 63-year old man with right painless scrotal swelling. Orchiectomy revealed NHL, diffuse medium cell type (B type). Because of tumor in the retrosternum, he had stage IIIEA disease. Chemotherapy and irradiation to the contralateral testis was performed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1996

Etoposide, epirubicin and carboplatin in hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

Twelve patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated with combination chemotherapy of etoposide, epirubicin and carboplatin (EEC). At relapse, all patients had metastases to the bone and/or soft tissues. The median number of courses was 3 (range 1-10). Epirubicin was not administered in 6 patients because of heart disease. Three patients (25%) had a partial response and 8 (67%) showed no change. The overall response rate was 92%. Pain relief was observed in 4 patients (44%). Four patients were still alive after a mean observation period of 18 months (range 4-36 months), while 8 died with a mean survival period of 11 months (range 7-15 months). Nausea, appetite loss, and alopecia were observed in some patients. All except one patient experienced bone marrow suppression, 5 of whom were treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. EEC chemotherapy in hormone-refractory prostate cancer is considered to be more effective than other kinds of chemotherapy, whereas it frequently induces bone marrow suppression.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic varicocele ligation.

Varicocele, an abnormal dilatation of the pampiniform plexus, frequently contributes to male factor infertility. We performed laparoscopic varicocelectomy in 20 patients with varicoceles and abnormal seminal findings. The spermatic artery was identified and preserved in 13 patients and was clipped along with the veins in 7 patients including 1 patient with bilateral varicocele. The time required for the artery-ligating surgery ranged from 90 to 120 minutes with an average of 113.2 minutes, while the time needed for the artery-preserving technique ranged from 90 to 250 minutes with an average of 158.0 minutes. Some analgesics were administered to 11 patients, while the other 9 patients needed no analgesics. All patients were able to walk within 24 hours of the operation. The mean hospitalization period after the operation was 5.9 days. Sperm concentrations significantly improved postoperatively (p < 0.05). No difference in postoperative improvement of seminal findings was observed between artery-ligating and artery-preserving groups. A slight scrotal emphysema developed during the operation in 1 patient. Abdominal pain was experienced in 1 patient, but subsided within a few days. No serious complications were observed. The laparoscopic technique may replace routine open high ligation as the surgical treatment of choice, especially in patients with bilateral varicocele.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Gonadotropin therapy in males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: factors affecting induction of spermatogenesis after gonadotropin replacement.

Sixteen patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism received gonadotropin replacement therapy. Two patients treated with HCG alone showed induction of spermatogenesis 2 and 12 months after the start of treatment. Three subjects receiving combination therapy showed sperm appearance 6-28 months after treatment. The patients showing sperm appearance, whose testicular volume was > or = 4 ml, showed a higher sperm count and impregnated their partners, although no relationship was found between pretreatment testicular volume and sperm appearance. The response to HCG test correlated with sperm appearance after gonadotropin therapy. Sperm appearance was not observed in any subject except for one who showed no response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) test and none of the patients without response of FSH to LH-RH demonstrated any induction of spermatogenesis. In conclusion, the responses to LH-RH test and possibly to HCG test could predict the induction of spermatogenesis after gonadotropin replacement therapy, and a large testicular volume is associated with post-treatment fertility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Measurement of residual urine volume using a portable ultrasound instrument.

A portable ultrasound unit (BladderScan BVI 2000) has been developed which offers a non-invasive procedure to determine urine volume. This study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of measurements by this method. A high correlation was demonstrated between the catheterized volume and ultrasound estimation (r = 0.98, p < 0.0001). In patients with residual urine of > 50 ml, the unit could correctly identify 93%. This instrument is useful in estimating the residual urine volume, and its application is recommended as an alternative to catheterization for the determination of residual urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Infected renal cystic mass associated with bacterial meningitis: a case report.

We report a case of an infected renal cystic mass associated with bacterial meningitis in a 70-year-old woman who had had poorly-controlled diabetes mellitus for approximately 30 years. She suffered from bacterial meningitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was successfully treated with antimicrobial chemotherapy for 1 month. Approximately 2 weeks later she developed left flank pain and a high fever. A CT scan and an ultrasonogram revealed a left renal cystic mass, which was considered to be an infected renal cyst. Turbid and thick fluid was obtained by percutaneous aspiration which contained numerous white blood cells. Culture of this fluid yielded K. pneumoniae. The bacterial meningitis was considered to be a secondary infection of the septicemia which resulted from the infected renal cystic mass.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Effect of carboplatin on rat spermatogenesis.

To examine the effect of carboplatin on testicular function, carboplatin was administered to mature male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four weeks after carboplatin treatment, the serum level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) significantly increased in animals treated with 30 mg kg-1 carboplatin (p < 0.02). After 8 weeks of administration, the sperm count and motility in the cauda epididymis decreased in the rats treated with 30 mg kg-1 carboplatin (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively). The percentage of a-type tubules and the diameter of seminiferous tubules were also significantly reduced in the group treated with 30 mg kg-1 carboplatin (p < 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). The serum levels of luteinizing hormone and testosterone were not changed, although the serum level of FSH increased in the animals treated with 20 and 30 mg kg-1 carboplatin (each, p < 0.005). All parameters returned to normal values 12 weeks after the treatment. In conclusion, carboplatin impairs spermatogenesis by possibly damaging the spermatogonia and Sertoli cells but does not affect the Leydig cell function.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effect of growth hormone-releasing factor on the response to insulin of cows during early and late lactation.

The euglycemic clamp technique was used to determine the effect of bovine growth hormone-releasing factor on glucose kinetics and on the response to insulin of 4 dairy cows during early lactation (mean, 35 d postpartum) and of 6 dairy cows during late lactation (mean, 194 d postpartum). Beginning 3 d prior to experiments, cows were injected twice daily with either saline or 2.5 micrograms/kg of growth hormone-releasing factor. On the day of the experiment, saline or the releasing factor (0.0119 microgram/kg per min) was infused into each cow for 5 h. After a basal period, insulin was infused at 1 and then at 6 mU/kg per min; plasma glucose concentrations were maintained at basal concentrations by the infusion of normal glucose. Growth hormone-releasing factor reduced the glucose infusion rate that was required to maintain euglycemia during the insulin infusions during late lactation but had no effect during early lactation. During the insulin infusions of the late lactation experiment only, the rates of glucose appearance, disappearance, and metabolic clearance were lower when plasma growth hormone was elevated. The results demonstrated that elevated concentrations of growth hormone decreased the responsiveness of peripheral tissues to high concentrations of insulin during late lactation but apparently had little effect during early lactation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The effects of cyclosporin azathioprine and mizoribine on male reproduction in rats].

BACKGROUND: The effects of cyclosporin (Cs), azathioprine (AZP) and mizoribine (MZR) on male reproduction in rats were examined. METHODS: Each drug was orally administered every day for 14 days at the following doses; Cs, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg body weight; AZP, 5, 10, or 20 mg; and MZR, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 mg. RESULTS: In the sperm count in the cauda epididymis, two weeks after the discontinuation of administration, a significant decrease was observed only in the 80 mg/kg dose group among the Cs-treated groups and in the 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg dose groups among the AZP-treated groups. At the end of the administration, a significant dose-dependent decrease was observed in the MZR-treated groups. The degree of the decrease was smaller after Cs administration compared with the other 2 drugs. Sperm motility was significantly decreased in each Cs-treated group immediately after the oral administration of Cs and improved gradually, but was not changed in AZP- and MZR-treated groups. Significant dose-dependent damage of the seminiferous tubules was noted 6 weeks after administration of Cs, AZP and MZR. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone remained the same throughout the experiment. The serum level of testosterone was significantly low immediately after the oral administration of AZP, but was not changed by that of Cs and MZR. CONCLUSION: Cs, AZP and MZR injured the spermatogenesis in rat. However, changes in the sperm count in the cauda epididymis suggested that the degree of impairment by Cs is relatively small, but only Cs injured epididymal function as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Modified one-layer microsurgical vasovasostomy in vasectomized patients.

Bilateral vasovasostomies were performed in 7 previously vasectomized patients. The method employed was a modification of a one-layer anastomotic technique. There was no correlation between the presence of absence of sperm in the vas fluid, presence or absence of sperm granuloma, and site of vasectomy. No correlation was revealed between the presence or absence of sperm in the vas fluid and the duration of obstructive period. After vasovasostomy, sperm was observed in the ejaculate in 86% of the patients. Only one patient's partner became pregnant. However, the partner of one patient with short postoperative period and good seminal finding after vasovasostomy was expected to become pregnant. This modified method of one-layer microsurgical vasovasostomy can be performed more easily and quickly, but requires further clinical experience and evaluation of usefulness.

Adult↗