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Biomedical subjects

H Furuya

Publications and source records attributed to H Furuya.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Effects of nitroglycerin, prostaglandin E1, trimetaphan and nicardipine on systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary-systemic vascular resistance ratio in dogs].

Effects of the experimentally induced hypotension with 4 vasodilators; nitroglycerin (TNG), prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), trimetaphan (TMP) and nicardipine (NCP) on systemic vascular resistance (SVR), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary-systemic vascular resistance ratio (PVR/SVR ratio) were studied in dogs. The SVR values were significantly reduced by TNG, PGE1 and NCP, and not affected by TMP. The PVR values were significantly reduced by TNG and PGE1, and not affected by TMP and NCP. The PVR/SVR ratio values were significantly reduced by TNG, and significantly increased by NCP, and not affected by PGE1 and TMP. We concluded that TNG reduced PVR and SVR but it affected PVR more; PGE1 reduced PVR and SVR equivalently; TMP did not affect PVR and SVR remarkably; NCP reduced SVR but did not affect PVR.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1995

[Apoptosis and cell growth fraction in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic squamous epithelium of uterine cervix].

To assess the transformation of cellular characteristics during a neoplastic change in uterine cervical epithelium, the populations of cells in apoptosis as well as proliferating cycle were examined in normal cervical epithelium, dysplastic change, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. The percentage of apoptotic cells (%DNA Fr.) decreased with the neoplastic change and was significantly lower in the carcinoma in situ group than in the dysplasia group. Conversely, the percentage of cells in the proliferating cycle (%GF) increased with the neoplastic change and was significantly higher in the dysplasia group than in the normal group. The ratio of %DNA Fr. to % GF was more than 1.0 in the normal group and dysplasia group, but it was less than 1.0 in the carcinoma in situ group and invasive carcinoma group. No significant correlation between %DNA Fr. and %GF was found. These results suggested to us that the decrease in apoptosis may reflect the atypical change in cervical epithelial cells during their neoplastic change, and the proliferative activity in neoplastic lesion was found when the cervical epithelium with dysplastic change was transformed to the carcinoma in situ.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of selective radicular block for reflex sympathetic dystrophy].

We have analyzed therapeutic effects of selective radicular block for 30 patients of reflex sympathetic dystrophy with residual intractable pain after neurolytic sympathetic ganglion blockade. Ten patients showed complete pain relief after the therapy with a effective rate of 66.7%. Minor side effects were observed in 3 cases (10%). When examined 2 month after the therapy, the effect had persisted in 16 cases in successful 20 cases. The therapy could not relieve complaints induced by numbness and neuroma. By the therapy, patients with diffuse pain were more comfortable than patients with regional pain. In indicated cases, this therapy is useful for residual complain of reflex sympathetic dystrophy after neurolytic sympathetic ganglion block.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Treatment with bolus methylprednisolone for pure red cell aplasia after ABO incompatible bone marrow transplantation in a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia].

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) was found in a male patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia after major ABO incompatible bone marrow transplantation (BMT). He had blood group O, and received BMT from an HLA identical sibling (blood group A). Erythrocyte-depleted marrow was transplanted. Methotrexate for short time and cyclosporine (CyA) were used for graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Engraftment of neutrophils and platelets were observed on day 14 and 22, respectively. The Ph1 chromosome disappeared on day 133. However engraftment of erythrocytes was not observed on day + 280. Bone marrow puncture revealed depletion of erythrocyte precursors. Anti-A isoagglutinin was persisted. There was no evidence of acute or chronic GVHD. Administration of prednisolone, discontinuance of CyA and subcutaneous infusion of recombinant human erythropoietin failed to improve PRCA. Bolus methylprednisolone (m-PSL) therapy started on day 284 resulted in rapid increase in reticulocyte counts within 6 days, which was followed by normal hemoglobin concentrations. We conclude that bolus m-PSL may be one treatment for PRCA after BMT.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1994

cDNA cloning and chromosome mapping of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme associated with 5-fluorouracil toxicity and congenital thymine uraciluria.

The pig and human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) cDNAs were cloned and sequenced. The pig enzyme, expressed in Escherichia coli, catalyzed the reduction of uracil, thymine, and 5-fluorouracil with kinetics approximating those published for the enzyme purified from mammalian liver. DPD could be expressed in significant quantities only when uracil was added to the bacterial growth medium. The pig and human enzymes contained 1025 amino acids and calculated M(r) = 111,416 and 111,398, respectively. Conserved domains corresponding to a possible NADPH binding site and FAD binding site were found in the NH2-terminal half of the proteins and two motifs of putative [4Fe-4S] binding sites were found near to the carboxyl terminus of the enzyme. The latter corresponds to the labile COOH-terminal fragment previously shown to contain the iron sulfur centers. A sequence encompassing a peptide corresponding to the uracil binding site was found between the NADPH/FAD-containing NH2-terminal portion of the protein and the iron-sulfur binding sites near to the COOH terminus. Thus, the DPD appears to be derived from at least three distinct domains. The DPYD gene was localized to the centromeric region of human chromosome 1 between 1p22 and q21.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Response of pial vessel diameter and regional cerebral blood flow to CO2 during midazolam administration in cats.

Midazolam has been demonstrated to preserve the response of cerebral blood flow to CO2. However, the responsiveness of cerebral vessels or microcirculation during midazolam administration related to alteration of cerebral blood flow has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of midazolam on cerebral microcirculation. Nine cats were paralyzed and mechanically ventilated under nitrous oxide/oxygen anaesthesia. Using the closed cranial window technique and laser Doppler flowmetry, diameter of pial vessels and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were examined on the surface of the cerebral cortex which was perfused by the middle cerebral artery. Before midazolam administration, haemodynamic variables, blood gases, rCBF, and diameter of pial vessels were determined as a control under normocapnia, hypocapnia, and hypercapnia conditions. After midazolam administration, given initially at 0.8 mg.kg-1.min-1 for 10 min and subsequently at 0.04 mg.kg-1.min-1 (total dose 10 mg.kg-1), the same variables were again analyzed. With regard to CO2 responsiveness, an 8.85% increase in rCBF was demonstrated for a Paco2 elevation of 1 kPa before midazolam administration, compared with a 7.47% increase after midazolam administration. With regard to the correlation between CO2 response and vessel diameter, arterioles less than 50 microns in diameter were more sensitive than those more than 50 microns in diameter, although there were no significant differences before or after midazolam administration. We conclude that CO2 responsiveness is preserved in terms of rCBF and vessel diameter after high doses of midazolam (10 mg.kg-1) in cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

An autopsy case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with preceding aplastic anemia.

A case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with preceding aplastic anemia is reported. The patient was a 36 year old female who had been diagnosed as having aplastic anemia 10 years before and thereafter had received multiple transfusions. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositivity was revealed 10 months prior to her death, but no particular clinical signs indicating HIV infection, pre-AIDS or onset of AIDS were recognized before serological diagnosis, although the slow progression of leukopenia was noted along with thrombocytopenia. Her general condition deteriorated during the last 10 months accompanied by an acute decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio. Autopsy revealed full-blown AIDS: systemic aspergillosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Epstein-Barr virus-related B cell lymphoma arising in the diaphragm and severe lymphocyte depletion in the lymph nodes and spleen. Markedly hypoplastic bone marrow was considered to be primarily attributable to the aplastic anemia but the affection of AIDS was not excluded. The possible transmission route of HIV and the effect of the preceding aplastic anemia on the infection and clinical course of AIDS are discussed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1994

Enhanced volume-sensitive K flux in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

Swelling-activated K flux was investigated in erythrocytes from patients on regular hemodialysis. K influx, measured by 86Rb uptake, was increased in hemodialysis patients from 25.5 +/- 0.6 to 47.3 +/- 3.4 nmol/10(9) cells/h (n = 4, p < 0.01), when the medium osmolarity of Hepes buffer was decreased by 100 mosm/kg H2O. In normal subjects, K influx was also stimulated from 28.1 +/- 1.2 to 37.8 +/- 2.1 nmol/10(9) cells/h (n = 4, p < 0.01). The swelling-activated increment of K influx was comparatively higher in hemodialysis patients (85.5 vs. 34.5% in controls). Reduction of the medium osmolarity by 100 mosm/kg H2O also caused a larger increase of K efflux in hemodialysis patients than in control subjects (171.1 vs. 118.1%). K efflux was increased even in the presence of 10(-4) M ouabain (from 284 +/- 25 to 879 +/- 122 nmol/10(9) cells/h), although the increment of K efflux was completely abolished when Cl was replaced by gluconate (555 +/- 47 nmol/10(9) cells/h with Cl and 467 +/- 44 nmol/10(9) cells/h without Cl). These data suggest that in hemodialysis patients, swelling-activated K transport is enhanced via activation of the Cl-dependent ouabain-insensitive K transport pathway.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect of daily subcutaneous administration of recombinant erythropoietin on chronic anemia in rheumatoid arthritis.

Mean (+/- SD) serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels were 18.6 +/- 5.6 mU/ml in 180 normal Japanese subjects. Serum EPO levels were elevated with a negative correlation on a log scale (r = -0.864, P < 0.005) to hematocrit (Ht) values in anemic patients not associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or chronic renal failure (CRF). Serum EPO levels in patients with RA (31.6 +/- 16.4 mU/ml) were relatively lower than those in normal subjects and anemic patients without RA or CRF when matched for comparative Ht values. Seven anemic patients with RA were treated by daily subcutaneous (sc) injection of recombinant EPO (rEPO, 500-1,000 U/day) for 4 weeks. The patients had initial Ht values of 25.1% or less and maintained stable clinical status. The treatment with rEPO raised serum EPO levels (53.8 +/- 15.2 mU/ml, P < 0.05), which resulted in an increase in Ht values (more than 3%) in 6 out of 7 patients with RA. The mean (+/- SD) Ht values at the end of the treatment with rEPO (500-1,000 U/day) were greater than those before the treatment in the 7 patients with RA (28.5 +/- 4.6 vs. 22.7 +/- 2.5%, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that chronic anemia associated with RA may be corrected by daily sc injection of a small dose of rEPO.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Complete remission induced by combined treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a patient with relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia].

In February, 1990, a 49-year-old man was admitted with petechia and gingival bleeding. The peripheral blood showed 5,200 leukocytes/microliters including 73% abnormal promyelocytes and 24,000/microliters platelets. Bone marrow puncture revealed that nucleated cell count was 331,250/microliters including 85.4% abnormal promyelocytes with 46XY, i(17q) chromosome. Coagulation tests revealed DIC. He was diagnosed as having acute promyelocytic leukemia, and he was treated with the BHAC-DMP protocol. He achieved complete remission, and received consolidation therapy and maintenance therapy. However, he relapsed in May, 1991 with 46XY, 16q-, i (17q) chromosome. He was treated with BHAC-MV protocol and again achieved complete remission. In June, 1992, he re-relapsed and 3.6% blasts and 10% abnormal promyelocytes was found in his bone marrow. He was treated for 14 days with 15 mg Aclarubicin without any change. Then he was treated with 60 mg All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). After administration of ATRA, his peripheral blood leukocyte count increased temporarily but bone marrow suppression continued. Then he received continuous subcutaneous infusion of 24 micrograms/day granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). After treatment with ATRA and rhG-CSF, he entered a third complete remission.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of priming dose of vecuronium on the diaphragm and the hypothenar muscle].

We studied the relaxation property of priming or precurarization vecuronium dose (0.015 mg.kg-1) on the diaphragm and the abductor digiti minimi muscle in 8 healthy patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients had control ventilation (PETCO2: 35 - 40 mmHg) by the laryngeal mask under "thiopental-fentanyl-oxygen" anesthesia. Supra-maximal single twitch stimulation with 1 Hz frequency was applied to right phrenic and ulnar nerves. Electromyographic response was recorded using NEC Synax ER1100 (NEC, Sanei, Tokyo, Japan) by surface electrodes in the 8 th intercostal space and the hypothenar. Time to maximum blockade at the diaphragm was 189 +/- 37 sec, compared with 314 +/- 39 at the abductor digiti minimi muscle (P < 0.01). This result suggests that we should be careful about the respiratory state of primed or precurarized patients with small dose of vecuronium such as 0.015 mg.kg-1 administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Preoperative sedation for childhood moyamoya disease--clinical evaluation of rectally administered midazolam].

We evaluated the effectiveness of rectally administered midazolam for preoperative sedation in 26 cases of childhood moyamoya disease. The patients, aged 5.0 +/- 1.8 yr (mean +/- SD), received 1 mg.kg-1 of midazolam 30 min prior to induction of anesthesia. The patient's level of sedation, tolerance of anesthesia face mask, and amnesia were evaluated. In 22 of 26 patients induction via face mask was performed smoothly, and excellent anterograde amnesia was observed. Remarkable complications, including hemodynamic and/or respiratory depression, were not noted. The level of sedation was significantly related to the patient's age. Although further investigation to evaluate proper dose are needed, 1 mg.kg-1 of rectally administered midazolam is useful for childhood moyamoya disease, in which crying can worsen the neurological symptoms.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of selective lumbar radiculography and radicular block].

We analyzed 56 patients who received selective lumbar radiculography and radicular block (88 procedures in total). The underlying conditions were spinal diseases in 43 cases, cancer pain in 6 cases, post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) in 5 cases and reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) in 2 cases. In the spinal disease group, 24 cases showed complete pain relief and 12 cases showed partial pain relief after the therapy, with a success rate of 83.7%. In the cancer pain group, 3 cases showed complete pain relief and one showed partial pain relief (success rate: 66.7%). In the PHN group, 1 case showed complete pain relief and 2 showed partial pain relief (success rate: 60%). In the RSD group, all cases showed pain relief. When examined 3 months after this treatment, the effect had persisted in 15 cases from the spinal disease group, in 1 case from the cancer pain group, in 2 cases from the PHN group and in 2 cases from the RSD group. Selective lumbar radiculography and radicular block are useful in identifying a nerve root responsible for abnormalities. In addition, this procedure is expected to exert a long-lasting therapeutic effect in cases indicated for the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of different positions for epidural block on skin-epidural space distance].

Epidural block was performed in the same intervertebral space by both approaches with either flank position or prone position under fluoroscopy. The distances from with both positions the skin to the epidural space (SED) were compared. The prone position approach under fluoroscopy resulted in a significantly greater SED in both T2/3 puncture and L4/5 puncture groups. This was assumed to be due to the fact that the prone position approach does not always allow minimum distance. It was also thought to be due to the fact that in this position, compared with the flank position, a pillow is inserted under the thoracic (or abdominal) region, and the skin in the dorsal region is looser and the subcutaneous tissue is thicker. The lumbar vertebrae form the lordosis, and it does not disappear when the pillow is placed under the abdominal region. This causes the SED to be greater.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cortical blood flow response to hypercapnia during anaesthesia in Moyamoya disease.

Cortical blood flow (CoBF) was measured continuously by the laser-Doppler method to evaluate the effect of hypercapnia on cortical blood flow during ten surgical procedures in ten young patients (mean +/- SD 9.3 +/- 6.4 yr) with Moyamoya disease. The CoBF was 42.8 +/- 13.4 (ml.100 g-1.min-1) during normocapnia (PaCO2 = 39.0 +/- 2.4 mmHg), and 38.7 +/- 14.4 during hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 47.1 +/- 2.5 mmHg). There was a decrease in CoBF with hypercapnia (P < 0.05) so that the normal CoBF response to hypercapnia was impaired during surgery in the patients with Moyamoya disease. He concluded that patients with Moyamoya disease have a precarious cerebral circulation and hypercapnia may be detrimental to the cortical circulation. This suggests that normocapnia is preferable to hypercapnia in patients with Moyamoya disease during anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Evidence for a new variant CYP2D6 allele CYP2D6J in a Japanese population associated with lower in vivo rates of sparteine metabolism.

A group of Japanese subjects were phenotyped for CYP2D6 activity by administration of sparteine and determination of urine metabolic ratios (MR). The CYP2D6 alleles from two subjects having a high MR, characteristic of slower rates of sparteine metabolism, were cloned in lambda EMBL3 and subjected to sequence analysis. One individual possessed a CYP2D6B allele, typically found in Caucasians, that is inactive due to an altered 3' splice recognition site and other potentially disruptive mutations. The second allele from this individual was identical to the wild type normal Caucasian CYP2D6 allele except for C188T and G4268C base differences in exons 1 and 9, respectively, that result in P34S and S486T amino acid substitutions. This allele was designated CYP2D6J. The second individual possessed two CYP2D6J alleles. PCR assays were performed to detect this allele and other alleles from a group of subjects exhibiting low rates of sparteine metabolism, i.e. with MRs > 1.5. Eleven CYP2D6J alleles were detected in 14 subjects exhibiting low rates of metabolism and including four individuals who were homozygous for this variant and had very low rates of sparteine metabolism (MRs > 2.5). In contrast, only two CYP2D6J alleles were found in 14 subjects having MRs of < 1.0. These data suggest that CYP2D6J encodes an enzyme having lower rates of sparteine metabolism.

Alleles↗