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H Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to H Fukuda.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content in oral leukoplakia: relation to clinicopathologic findings.

DNA ploidy of 50 biopsy specimens of oral leukoplakia was investigated by flow cytometry, and the results were compared with the clinicopathologic appearances. The aneuploidy rate of the leukoplakias was 17/50 (34%), and the mean DNA index (DI) of the aneuploid lesions was 1.22, with a range from 0.70 to 1.84. The incidence of the aneuploidy was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in nonhomogeneous leukoplakias (11/18) than in homogeneous lesions (6/32). The aneuploidy rate of the severely dysplastic leukoplakias (11/17) was significantly higher than those of the mildly dysplastic (4/22; P < 0.01) and the nondysplastic (2/11; P < 0.02) lesions. A significant (P < 0.01) difference in the aneuploidy rate was also observed between tongue (12/23) and gingival (2/18) leukoplakias.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1995

Establishment of functional imprinting of the H19 gene in human developing placentae.

We have found that the imprinted H19 gene can be expressed either biallelically or monoallelically in the developing human placentae. H19 biallelic expression is confined to the placenta until 10 weeks of gestation, after which it becomes exclusively maternal, and does not affect allele-specificity or levels of IGF2 expression. The promoter region of H19 is hypomethylated at all stages of placental development, while the 3' portion shows progressive methylation of the paternal allele with gestation. Our observations demonstrate that the establishment of functional H19 imprinting occurs during the early development of the placenta and provide an opportunity to understand the mechanism by which the H19 primary imprint is manifested in somatic cells.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration and nuclear cyclic AMP-responsive element- and activator protein 1 DNA-binding activities through GABAB receptor in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

In primary cultures of mouse cerebellar granule cells, a brief stimulation by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB, 0.1-3 mM) significantly increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, gel mobility assay showed that exposure of the cells to GHB also increased nuclear DNA-binding activity specific for the cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcriptional element in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentration range of GHB that increased the DNA-binding activity was essentially the same as the concentration range that elicited the increase in [Ca2+]i. The GHB-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and nuclear DNA-binding activity were antagonized by specific GABAB antagonists such as p-[3-aminopropyl]-p-diethoxymethylphosphinic acid (CGP 35 348) and 3-N-[1-(S)-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)ethanol-2-(S)-hydroxy-P-benzylphosphin ic acid (CGP 55 845). In addition, the GHB-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was abolished by pretreatment of the cells with islet-activating protein. Furthermore, treatment of the cells with 1,2-bis(2'-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetraacetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM) and thapsigargin blocked the GHB-induced increase in nuclear DNA-binding activity. GHB inhibited [3H]baclofen binding to cultured cerebellar granule cells and mouse cerebellar membranes. These results suggest that stimulation of GABAB receptors by GHB activates intracellular Ca2+ stores and that the increased [Ca2+]i resulting from release of stored Ca2+ plays an important role in increasing the CRE- and AP-1 DNA-binding activities in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

Activating Transcription Factor 1↗
PubMed1995

Spread of subarachnoid hyperbaric amethocaine in adolescents.

We have compared the spread of subarachnoid hyperbaric amethocaine in adolescents with that in adults. Amethocaine 8 mg in 2 ml of 10% glucose was injected through a 25-gauge spinal needle inserted at the L3-4 interspace in 21 adolescents aged 12-16 yr and in 111 adults aged 17-82 yr. Although we found no differences in height, weight or body mass index between the adolescents and adults, maximum spread of analgesia was significantly higher in the adolescents (median T3 (range T4-C5) than in the adults (T4 (T9-C7)). We conclude that subarachnoid injection of hyperbaric amethocaine produces an unexpectedly higher level of analgesia in adolescents than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Spread of subarachnoid hyperbaric amethocaine in pregnant women.

In order to examine how the gestational period influences the spread of spinal anaesthesia, we have measured the extent of spinal block produced by hyperbaric amethocaine 8 mg in 90 women. The patients were allocated to one of five groups according to the gestational period: non-pregnant group (n = 17), first trimester group (6-12 weeks, n = 14), second trimester group (13-24 weeks, n = 26), third trimester group (25-36 weeks, n = 15) and term group (37-41 weeks, n = 18). Maximum cephalad spread of analgesia was significantly higher in the second trimester (median T3 (range T9-C6)), third trimester (T3 (T4-C7)) and term groups (T2.5 (T4-C8)) than in the nonpregnant (T4 (T8-T2)) and first trimester groups (T4 (T11-C7)). We found that not only term pregnancy but also second and third trimester pregnancies enhanced the spread of spinal anaesthesia, and that first trimester pregnancy did not affect the spread of spinal anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Anatomical configuration of the spinal column in the supine position. I. A study using magnetic resonance imaging.

In order to clarify the anatomical configuration of the spinal column in the supine position, we have examined T1-weighted sagittal midline magnetic resonance images of the spinal column in 20 healthy volunteers (11 men, nine women) in the supine position. The mean maximum angles of decline of the lumbar spinal canal in men and women were 12.6 (SD 3.9) degrees and 13.4 (3.3) degrees in the cephalad direction, respectively. The maximum angles of incline of the upper thoracic spinal canal in men and women were 20.3 (4.0) degrees and 18.5 (2.5) degrees, respectively. The median highest points of the lumbar spinal canal in men and women were located at L4 (range L3-4 to L4) and L4 (L4), respectively. The lowest point of the thoracic spinal canal was located at T8 (T7-T9) in both men and women. We have demonstrated that both lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis differ between individuals, particularly with respect to the lowest point of the thoracic spinal canal, which is located between T7 and T9.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Anatomical configuration of the spinal column in the supine position. II. Comparison of pregnant and non-pregnant women.

To assess the changes in the curvature of the spinal column in the supine position during pregnancy, we studied seven pregnant (32-37 weeks of pregnancy) and seven non-pregnant women using magnetic resonance imaging. T1-weighted sagittal midline magnetic resonance images of the spinal column were obtained with subjects in the supine position with left tilt. There was no significant difference in the maximum angle of decline of the lumbar spinal canal between the pregnant (mean 12.4 (SD 3.3) degrees) and non-pregnant (13.4 (3.9) degrees) groups. The maximum angle of incline of the upper thoracic spinal canal was smaller in the pregnant (15.8 (2.9) degrees) than in the non-pregnant (22.7 (6.0) degrees) group. The highest point of the lumbar spinal canal was located at a lower lumbar region in the pregnant (median L4-5 (range L4 to L4-5)) than in the non-pregnant (L4 (L3-4 to L4)) group. The lowest point of the thoracic spinal canal was located at a higher thoracic region in the pregnant (T6-7 (T6 to T7-8)) than in the non-pregnant (T8 (T6-7 to T9)) group. This study revealed that the apex of lumbar lordosis was caudad and thoracic kyphosis was reduced in the supine position in the later stages of pregnancy. These changes in the curvature of the spinal column may explain, in part, the enhanced cephalad spread of subarachnoid hyperbaric anaesthetic solutions in the later stages of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Visceral pain during caesarean section: effect of varying dose of spinal amethocaine.

The aim of this study was to determine how varying the dose of spinal amethocaine influences the incidence of visceral pain associated with exteriorization of the uterus after delivery. In a double-blind study, we examined the incidence of visceral pain in 40 parturients undergoing Caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with amethocaine 8, 10, 12 or 14 mg in 2 ml of 5% glucose. The dose of spinal amethocaine was found to influence the incidence of visceral pain associated with exteriorization of the uterus after delivery. The incidence of visceral pain was lower in the 12-mg (P < 0.05) and 14-mg (P < 0.01) groups than in the 8-mg group, although there were no differences in maximum spread of analgesia and circulatory changes between the four groups. This study suggests that a slightly higher dose of spinal amethocaine (12-14 mg) is preferable for Caesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cerebrospinal fluid progesterone in pregnant women.

To assess the possible relationship between an increase in progesterone concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and enhancement of spread of spinal anaesthesia, we have measured CSF progesterone concentrations in 134 patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric amethocaine 8 mg. Patients were allocated to one of five groups according to the gestational period: non-pregnant group (n = 13), first trimester group (8-12 weeks, n = 16), second trimester group (13-24 weeks, n = 18), third trimester group (25-36 weeks, n = 38) and term group (37-41 weeks, n = 49). Progesterone concentration in CSF was higher in the third trimester and term groups than in the non-pregnant, first trimester and second trimester groups. Maximum cephalad spread of analgesia was higher in the second trimester, third trimester and term groups than in the non-pregnant and first trimester groups. Although an increase in CSF progesterone concentration in the second trimester group was similar in magnitude to that observed in the first trimester group, enhanced spread of spinal anaesthesia, comparable in magnitude with that observed in the term group, occurred in the second trimester group. There was no significant correlation between CSF progesterone concentration and spread of spinal anaesthesia in any of the groups. These data suggest that not only a minimum level of progesterone in CSF but also a certain duration of exposure to elevated CSF progesterone concentrations may be necessary for enhancement of spread of spinal anaesthesia, and that values of CSF progesterone concentration do not correlate directly with enhancement of spread of spinal anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Extensive extradural spread in the elderly may not relate to decreased leakage through intervertebral foramina.

It has been suggested that the extensive longitudinal extradural spread of local anaesthetics in the elderly is attributed to decreased leakage through the intervertebral foramina. We have examined radiologically, in 53 patients, the relationship between leakage of iohexol through the thoracic intervertebral foramina and age. Iohexol was injected through an extradural catheter advanced 5 cm cephalad from one of the interspaces between T6 and T12. A significant correlation was observed between longitudinal spread of iohexol and age, but there was no correlation between leakage of iohexol through the intervertebral foramina and age. Our data suggest that longitudinal extradural spread of local anaesthetics in the elderly may not be attributed to decreased leakage through the intervertebral foramina.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Diet differentially regulates glucokinase and L-type pyruvate kinase gene expression in rat liver.

The regulation of gene expression of glucokinase (GK) and L-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK) in rat liver was investigated and compared with the previously reported regulation of lipogenic enzymes. Experiments were conducted in which the time courses and responses to diet quantity of mRNA concentrations and enzyme activities after refeeding a carbohydrate/protein diet (CP) to food-deprived rats were measured. The effects of dietary nutrients on the gene expression were investigated in rats refed either the CP diet, a carbohydrate diet without protein (C), a protein diet without carbohydrate (P), or a carbohydrate/protein/corn oil diet (CPF). The effects of the CPF diet on the gene expression after insulin treatment to diabetic rats were also investigated. After refeeding the CP diet, GK mRNA concentration and enzyme activity reached maximum levels in 2 h and 16-24 h, respectively, whereas those of L-PK peaked in 16 h and 48 h, respectively, similar timecourse to lipogenic enzymes. Moreover, GK mRNA concentrations were maximal in rats fed 20% of the ad libitum diet intake, and L-PK mRNA concentrations, like lipogenic enzyme mRNA, were maximal in rats fed approximately 50% of ad libitum intake. GK mRNA concentrations were significantly increased in parallel with an increase in plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. GK and L-PK mRNA and enzyme levels in rats fed the C diet were comparably induced to the levels in those fed the CP diet. L-PK mRNA induction by the CP diet was significantly reduced by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (CPF diet), whereas the GK mRNA induction was not significantly reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Amrinone is superior to epinephrine in reversing bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

BACKGROUND: Bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression is known to be difficult to treat, and the efficacy of epinephrine for treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression is in doubt. We compared the efficacy of amrinone with that of epinephrine for the treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in anesthetized dogs. METHODS: In dogs receiving 1.5-2% sevoflurane anesthesia, 0.5% bupivacaine was infused at a rate of 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 intravenously until mean arterial blood pressure decreased to 40 mmHg or less. In the amrinone group (n = 9), amrinone (4 mg.kg-1, intravenously) was given immediately after cardiovascular depression, followed by intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.1 mg.kg-1.min-1. In the epinephrine group (n = 9), epinephrine (0.01 mg.kg-1, intravenously) was given as a bolus, and the same dose was given again as required. RESULTS: All nine dogs that received amrinone survived. Of the nine dogs that received epinephrine, five survived; fatal cardiovascular depression developed in the four remaining animals (P < 0.05). Only one animal in the amrinone group showed tachyrhythmia with wide QRS complexes during resuscitation, whereas all nine animals in the epinephrine group showed tachyrhythmia with wide QRS complexes during resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Amrinone is superior to epinephrine for the treatment of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular depression in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

Amrinone↗
PubMed1995

Pseudolymphoma of the kidney: a case report.

We report a case of pseudolymphoma of the kidney. Examination of a surgically resected specimen showed that the lesion was localized in the renal parenchyma. It was impossible to achieve an accurate preoperative diagnosis clinically or radiologically because there were no characteristic findings. To the best of our knowledge no previous case of a pseudolymphoma localized in the renal parenchyma has been reported.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Cloning and characterization of polyphenol oxidase cDNAs of Phytolacca americana.

Two cDNA clones encoding polyphenol oxidases were isolated from a cDNA library constructed from a log-phase suspension culture of Phytolacca americana (pokeweed) producing betalains. The clones exhibit 93 and 86% sequence identity at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid levels, respectively. Both clones contain two copper-binding domains characterized by histidine-rich regions, which are found ubiquitously in all polyphenol oxidases/tyrosinases, and a putative third histidine-rich, copper-binding region, which is common to all plant polyphenol oxidases. One of the Phytolacca cDNA deduced amino acid sequences contains the ubiquitous transit peptide for all proteins targeted to the internal lumen of thylakoid membranes of plastids and is considered to be 98 residues in length based on a proposed sequence cleavage site motif. This would produce a processed peptide of approximately 54 kD. In addition to common features of transit peptides, it was found that an additional conserved region for polyphenol oxidases was located between the hydroxy amino acid-rich region and the thylakoid transfer domain. Spatial and temporal expression was investigated by northern blot analysis of total RNA from various organs of Phytolacca plants. Transcripts of the two clones were found to be 2.1 and 2.3 kb, respectively. Both transcripts were present only at substantial levels in ripening, betalain-containing fruit.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Helicobacter pylori infection, serum pepsinogen level and gastric cancer: a case-control study in Japan.

We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection on the risk of gastric cancer in Tokyo, Japan. The sera at the time of diagnosis from 282 gastric cancer cases and 767 sex- and age-matched cancer-free controls were tested for the presence of anti-HP IgG antibody (HM-CAP ELISA kit) and serum pepsinogen (PG) level (PG I and PG II Riabead). No significant association was observed in all sets [matched odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 0.73-1.49]. In subgroup analyses, however, an association was suggested in females [OR = 1.57], a younger population (< 50 years) [OR = 1.86], early cancer [OR = 1.53] and small cancer (< 40 mm) [OR = 1.55]. Furthermore, we observed a tendency for odds ratios to decrease with an increase in age or cancer growth (depth of tumor invasion and tumor size). Considering that the spontaneous disappearance of HP due to extended mucosal atrophy may lead to these decreasing odds ratios, we applied the conditional logistic model adjusted for the PG I/II ratio as a measure of atrophic gastritis. This analysis showed a positive association with HP infection in all sets [OR = 1.69; 1.01-2.81], distal cancer [OR = 1.88; 1.07-3.31] and intestinal-type cancer [OR = 3.76; 1.39-10.18]. We concluded that the risk of cancer associated with HP infection may be underestimated in studies with cross-sectional exposure because of spontaneous disappearance of HP due to extended mucosal atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation mediated by 5-HT after chronic amitriptyline treatment in NG 108-15 cells.

1. The effects of chronic in vitro administration of amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor-mediated adenylyl cyclase activity was studied in the neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cell line, NG 108-15. 2. Treatment of NG 108-15 cells with 8 microM amitriptyline for 3 days increased forskolin-stimulated (0.1 microM) adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) accumulation. Addition of 5-HT (0.1-100 microM) increased forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in amitriptyline-treated cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, 5-HT did not affect forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in untreated cells. 3. The 5-HT4 receptor agonist, 5-methoxytryptamine, significantly enhanced forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in amitriptyline-treated cells. In contrast, amitriptyline treatment failed to modify 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamine) tetralin-induced inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation. 4. Pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin did not affect the 5-HT-induced enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation. 5. The 5-HT-induced enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation in amitriptyline-treated cells was attenuated by the 5-HT4 receptor antagonists, GR 113808 and ICS 205-930, with relatively low potency. However, spiperone, SCH 23390, and pindolol were completely ineffective against this 5-HT-induced enhancement. 6. Chronic treatment with amitriptyline did not modify the cyclic AMP production stimulated by prostaglandin E1 or cholera toxin. This treatment also had no effect on GTP gamma S-, NaF-, and Mn(2+)-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in isolated cell membranes. 7. Chronic treatment with the 5-HT receptor antagonists, pindolol or ICS 205-930, did not inhibit the 5-HT-induced enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation.8. Chronic treatment with other antidepressant drugs, imipramine, mianserin or paroxetine, elicited the 5-HT-induced enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation.9. Taken together, these results suggest that chronic amitriptyline treatment of NG 108-15 cells causes 5-HT to enhance forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation by enhancing 5-HT receptor-mediated stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and not by reducing 5-HT-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. The 5-HT-induced enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation in amitriptyline-treated cells may result from changes at the level of the 5-HT receptor rather than at the level of G, proteins or adenylyl cyclase. It is unlikely that this enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation is caused by long-term antagonism of the 5-HT receptor by amitriptyline.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1995

[clinical study of balofloxacin on infectious enteritis and assessment of the fecal drug concentration and intestinal microbial flora in patients with inpatients with infectious enteritis. Research group of balofloxacin on infectious enteritis].

The efficacy, safety and usefulness of balofloxacin (BLFX) for patients with acute infectious enteritis and the carriers mainly shigellosis, were investigated. The drug was administered at a daily dose of 200 mg twice a day for 3 days to patients with cholera, 7 days to patients with Salmonella enteritis and 5 days to patients with other conditions of infectious enteritis including shigellosis; 1. The efficacy was analyzed in 89 of the 135 patients who received the administration (43 patients with shigellosis, 14 with Salmonella enteritis, 8 with enteropathogenic/ enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli enteritis, 3 with cholera, 7 with enteritis with other pathogenic bacteria, 6 with polymicrobial infectious enteritis and 8 with acute enteritis that was pathogen-negative). 2. In patients bearing symptoms and who thus could be analyzed for drug efficacy, the drug was markedly effective or effective 50/52 (96.2%). 3. Bacteriologically, the drug was effective for Shigella spp. in 41 (100%) of 41, Salmonella spp. in 12 (85.7%) of 14, and enteropathogenic/enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in 8 of 8 cases. 4. Adverse effects were seen in 5/133 patients (3.8%) receiving the drug, including two cases of skin eruption, one of the numbness of the hands, one of oral aphtha, and one of nausea. In patients for whom laboratory findings were available, 20/115 (17.4%) showed abnormalities, mainly elevations of GOT and/or GPT, but these were slight. 5. In terms of subjective reports of usefulness, 51/82 (62.2%) were markedly satisfied, and 73/82 (89.0%) were either satisfied or markedly satisfied. 6. The influence of administration of BLFX on fecal concentration and intestinal microbial flora was investigated in 2 patients with acute infectious enteritis. Results approximately equivalent to such flora levels in healthy subjects were obtained. These results suggest that BLFX is highly useful for infectious enteritis such as that caused by shigellosis.

Adolescent↗