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Biomedical subjects

H Fukatsu

Publications and source records attributed to H Fukatsu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Anomeric preference of glucose utilization in rat erythrocytes.

The beta-anomer of glucose relative to the alpha-anomer was more rapidly metabolized into lactate by rat erythrocytes at 37 degrees C (beta/alpha ratio = ca. 1.3): the amounts of alpha- and beta-D-glucose metabolized into lactate during 3 min were 0.21 and 0.27 mumol/gHb, respectively. Also, the transport of beta-D-glucose into erythrocytes was more rapid than that of alpha-D-glucose: the amounts of alpha- and beta-D-glucose transported into erythrocytes during 3 min were approximately 3.5 and 5.0 mumol/gHb, respectively. Glucose phosphorylation by rat erythrocyte hexokinase (i.e., a possible rate-limiting step in glycolysis) occurred at higher velocities with the beta-anomer than with the alpha-anomer (beta/alpha ratio = 1.28). The Km value of hexokinase for either anomer of glucose was 53 microM. The glucose concentrations in erythrocytes incubated with alpha- and beta-D-glucose reached about 1 mM in 1 min, indicating that hexokinase is almost completely saturated with glucose within less than 1 min. The results suggest that glucose phosphorylation and glucose transport are major and minor determinants, respectively, for the anomeric preference of glucose utilization in rat erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Influence of CRT workstation on observer's performance.

The effects of the operability of the prototype CRT workstation and room illumination upon observer's performance were studied. In the experiment of reading CT images as a routine daily work at the CRT workstation, the average time required to analyse one CT image under a room illuminance of 100 lux was longer than that on the film viewbox. Prolongation occurred due mainly to the longer time required to retrieve and to arrange images as observers desired, and the limitation to the number of images simultaneously displayed on two CRT monitors. In the ROC studies to detect small pulmonary nodules on CRT images of computed radiography with imaging plate, illuminance around 170 lux showed the best result and a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.05) as compared with that of 480 lux. In addition to the radiologist's visual performance, room illumination must also be taken into consideration as it influences the observer's performance and diagnostic efficiency.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1992

Initial stage of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: comparison of three-phase bone scintigraphy and SPECT with MR imaging.

Twenty-one patients with initial stage Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP) disease were examined by three-phase bone scintigraphy, single photon emission scintigraphy (SPECT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. On dynamic study, increased activity was present in the epiphysis or the growth plate in 39%; the corresponding figure for blood-pool images was 94%. Pinhole images demonstrated the lateral stripe of revascularization in 57% of patients. Decreased signal intensity in the epiphysis on T1-weighted images proved to be the most sensitive indicator of epiphyseal necrosis on MR imaging and was absent in only 10% of the cases. The subchondral fracture occurred in 62% (including the above 10% of cases), identified by T1-weighted image. Cartilaginous hypertrophy, detected by T1-weighted image, had a high incidence (81%). Joint effusion was identified on T2-weighted images in 90% of patients. The cross-sectional views provided by SPECT and MR imaging permits a better appreciation of the extent of epiphyseal necrosis in LCP disease.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1992

Budd-Chiari syndrome with long segmental inferior vena cava obstruction: treatment with thrombolysis, angioplasty, and intravascular stents.

The authors describe a patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome caused by long segmental thrombotic obstruction of the inferior vena cava associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of local thrombolytic therapy, balloon angioplasty, and placement of Gianturco expandable metallic stents.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation with color Doppler US and MR imaging.

Fifteen patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent examination with color Doppler ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, dynamic computed tomography (CT), and angiography. Doppler signals ranging from 0.22 to 3.48 kHz could be obtained from within the tumor in 14 of 15 patients. The resistive index was 0.38-0.77. Color Doppler signals were visualized in nine of 15 lesions with a Doppler shift greater than 0.7 kHz. The Doppler signals and the resistive index of the tumor vessels became lower as the vessels progressed into the center of the lesion. The appearance of tumor vessels recognized on MR images obtained with gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state (GRASS) in 11 of 15 lesions was compared with that on CT scans and angiograms. Tumors that were hyperintense on GRASS images obtained with a flip angle of 15 degrees transmitted Doppler signals of considerably higher amplitude compared with the isointense lesions. Both color Doppler US and MR imaging provided useful information for characterizing intratumoral blood flow.

Angiography↗
PubMed1992

[Serial magnetic resonance imaging of spinal syrinx formation in a case of multiple sclerosis].

A 27-year-old woman had a subacute onset of back pain, dysesthesia and weakness of both arms. Neurological examination revealed bilateral pyramidal signs, paresthesia of both hands and arms, and hypalgesia below T-4. CSF showed no abnormal findings. T2-weighted MR images revealed linear high signal within the cervical and upper thoracic cord, but no syrinx. The signs and symptoms resolved substantially within three months, with the exception of paroxysmal itching localized to the right forearm. At age 30, she experienced an acute onset of back pain, and dysesthesia of both feet. She developed weakness of both legs and urinary retention two days after the onset. Neurological examination showed bilateral pyramidal signs in the lower extremities, hypalgesia below T-4, hypopallesthesia on both legs, but no abnormalities in the upper extremities. CSF contained 8 white cells/mm3, protein 17 mg/dl and glucose 44 mg/dl. Oligoclonal bands were not detected. T1-weighted, proton density, and T2-weighted MR images revealed a syrinx formation within the spinal cord, extending from the level of T-2 to T-5. There was no evidence of spinal tumor. MRI of the brain revealed multiple areas of high signal intensity on T2-weighted image, consistent with multiple sclerosis. The signs and symptoms resolved substantially within two months. The syrinx within the thoracic cord reduced in size after two months and disappeared after three months. Two months after the second episode of myelopathy, she experienced right optic neuritis, resolving substantially within three weeks. This case was diagnosed as definite multiple sclerosis based on the clinical and radiological findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Annual changes of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections and their susceptibility to new quinolone agents].

Statistical analyses were conducted on bacterial strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) in the Department of Urology at Aichi Medical University from January 1988 through December 1991. The drug sensitivity of the bacterial strains isolated from patients with complicated UTI between 1988 and 1991 was analyzed and compared. Among the outpatients with uncomplicated UTI, a total of 352 strains were isolated. E. coli was isolated the most frequently (90.1%). Among the outpatients with complicated UTI, a total of 829 strains were isolated. Enterococcus sp. was isolated the most frequently (21.2%). P. aeruginosa and S. aureus showed a tendency to increase. Among the inpatients with complicated UTI, a total of 671 strains were isolated. Enterococcus sp. was isolated the most frequently (22.5%). P. aeruginosa and S. aureus showed a tendency to increase, while E. coli and Enterobacter sp. showed a tendency to decrease. E. coli was highly sensitive to all drugs except ampicillin (ABPC). Proteus sp. and Klebsiella sp. were highly sensitive to norfloxacin (NFLX). P. aeruginosa was highly sensitive to gentamicin (GM). The frequency of NFLX-sensitive P. aeruginosa significantly dropped from 84.6% to 40.9% among the outpatients (P < 0.01), and from 75.0% to 44.4% among inpatients (P < 0.05). S. aureus was highly sensitive only to minocycline (MINO). The frequency of NFLX-sensitive S. aureus significantly dropped from 66.6% to 23.3% among inpatients (P < 0.05). Enterococcus sp. was highly sensitive to ABPC and MINO. Of the new quinolones, tosufloxacin (TFLX) had the strongest antimicrobial activity followed by (ciprofloxacin) CPFX on all the bacterial strains tested.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1992

Esophageal stenting with a self-expandable metallic device: a preliminary study.

This study was designed to investigate the potential of the Gianturco-Rosch Z stent in the alimentary canal, using the rabbit esophagus as the animal model. Single stents were implanted in four animals, which were followed up for predetermined periods, lasting from 48 hours to 6 weeks. All the stents remained in place. A florid tissue reaction was noticed, initially manifesting primarily as submucosal cellular infiltration, and mucosal erosion. Over the ensuing six weeks, the acute changes gave way to mucosal regeneration, and the appearance of granulation tissue in the submucosa. The stented segments remained patent, and feeding difficulties were limited to the immediate post-procedure period. These preliminary results suggest that peristaltic activity is no contraindication to the use of Z stents, though measures to limit the tissue response need to be identified.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Arterial embolization therapy for metastatic bone and soft-tissue tumors with microcatheter and microcoils].

Transcatheter arterial embolization therapy was performed in fifteen patients with hypervascular metastatic bone and soft-tissue tumors (7 from renal carcinoma, 5 from hepatocellular carcinoma, and one each from breast, thyroid, and cholangiocarcinoma). Sites of metastasis were spine (7), pelvis (5), skull (2), paraspine (2), chest wall (1), and thigh (1). Five patients had not responded to previous radiation therapy and hyperthermia. Embolization of feeding arteries was performed superselectively with long tapered catheters or coaxial microcatheters. Emulsion of Lipiodol and anticancer agent, polyvinyl alcohol sponge, gelatin sponge, and microcoils were used as embolic materials in various combinations. Relief of pain was experienced in 14 of 15 patients. Two patients were operated following embolization with minimal blood loss. Change in tumor size was evaluated by CT or MRI in ten patients. Reduction of tumor size were more than 50% in five patients, from 25% to 50% in two, and no change in three patients. Especially, patients embolized with microcatheter and microcoils showed excellent long-term results. No serious complications were seen. In conclusion, superselective arterial embolization therapy with coaxial microcatheter and microcoils was proved to be an useful treatment for hypervascular metastatic bone and soft-tissue tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anomeric preference of glucose utilization in human erythrocytes loaded with glucokinase.

Human erythrocytes were loaded with homogeneous rat liver glucokinase by an encapsulation method based on hypotonic hemolysis and isotonic resealing. As assayed at 10 mM glucose, glucokinase and hexokinase activities in glucokinase-loaded erythrocytes were 218 and 384 nmol/min/gHb, respectively; whereas hexokinase activity in both intact and unloaded red cells, which contain no glucokinase activity, was about 400 nmol/min/gHb. No difference in the rate of lactate production from glucose anomers between intact and unloaded erythrocytes suggested that the encapsulation procedure itself did not affect glucose utilization in red cells. Alpha-anomeric preference in lactate production from glucose was observed in glucokinase-loaded erythrocytes, whereas the beta anomer of glucose was more rapidly utilized than the alpha anomer in intact and unloaded erythrocytes. The results indicate that the step of glucose phosphorylation determines the anomeric preference in glucose utilization by human erythrocytes, since glucokinase and hexokinase are alpha- and beta-preferential, respectively, in glucose phosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Radiation therapy for human renal cell carcinoma transplantable to the nude mice].

Efficacy of radiation therapy was studied using human renal cell carcinoma strain (AM-RC-3) implantable in nude mice. Cobalt 60 gamma-ray was used dosage of 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 15 Gy and 20 Gy in single, localized exposures of subcutaneously implanted tumors of the lower right femoral region. Therapeutic efficacy was determined using the Battelle Columbus Standard and evaluation of histological changes based on National Cancer Research Institute (Shimosato's classifications). Conclusion based on the obtained data are as follows: I) The T RW/C RW ratio on the tumor growth curve was 42% or less for all dosage groups except the 5 Gy group; dosages other than 5 Gy are believed effective. The 15 and 20 Gy dosage were particularly effective and the respective groups had RW of 0.96 and 0.95. II) Although Grade IIa and IIb changes were observed in the 15 and 20 Gy dosage groups, respectively, two weeks after irradiation, four weeks after irradiation all groups exhibited microscopic tissue formations that could be considered regrowth of tumor cells. Determination of histopathological effectiveness two weeks after irradiation is thought most suitable. III) Radiation therapy is appropriate as an adjuvant treatment in cases of renal cell carcinoma and should be used in combination with other therapies.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Survival rate of bladder tumors--an analysis of 2304 patients with bladder tumors in the Tokai Urological Cancer Registry].

During the 7 years from 1980 to 1986, 2860 cases of bladder tumors were registered in the Tokai Urological Cancer Registry. Among the 2860 cases, 2304 cases were selected from the registered cases for the present study. The 5-year relative (actual) survival rates were 73.8% (61.9%) of all patients; 48.9% (42.4%) in those with malignant neoplasma of urinary bladder excluding transitional cell carcinoma; 48.8% (41/3%) in those with mixed tumor. In patients with transitional cell carcinoma, the 5-year relative (actual survival rates were 93.7% (78.8%) for G1, 87.2% (74.1%) for G2 and 47.3% (38.9%) for G3. As to staging, the 5-year survival rates were 101.9% (88.0%), 87.6% (75.3%), 57.9% (47.8%), 33.7% (28.2%) and 6.1% (5.0%) in patients with stage of Ta, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The tumors with muscle infiltration and high grade malignancy obviously deteriorated patients' survival. The 5-year relative (actual) survival rate for patients treated with TUR was 98.1% (82.2%). As to grading, the 5-year survival rates were 102.2% (86.6%) for G1, 104.3% (88.3%) for G2 and 56.9% (48.3%) for G3. The 5-year survival rates of those with Ta, T1 and T2 were 103.9% (89.7%), 96.0% (82.6) and 61.1% (49.1%), respectively. The 5-year relative (actual) survival rate for patients undergoing total cystectomy was 62.4% (52.3%). In those patients, the 5-year survival rates were 96.7% (80.9%) for G1, 63.6% (55.7%) for G2 and 55.4% (47.1%) for G3. As to staging, the 5-year survival rates were 102.3% (90.6%), 77.8% (68.2%), 56.3% (47.9%), 41.8% (34.9%) and 15.2% (13.1%) in patients with stage of Ta, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The 3 and 5-year relative (actual) survival rates in patients with advanced bladder tumors were 5.3% (4.8%) and 0.87% (0.73%), respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Combination chemotherapy of human renal cell carcinoma in athymic nude mice with human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) and UFT, 5-Fu].

The effectiveness of interferon alpha (HLBI) for nude mouse transplantable human renal cell carcinoma 72nd general meeting, in combination with UFT and 5-Fu, was examined using, 1 x 10(7) IU/kg, 2 x 10(7) IU/kg HLBI; 25 mg/kg 5-Fu; and 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg UFT, administered for 10 consecutive days. The ratio of relative mean tumor weight of treated group to control group was under 42% for the combination of 25 mg/kg (I.P.) 5-Fu, 20 mg/kg UFT, and HLBI and the effect was particularly clear for the combination with 2 x 10(7) IU/kg which indicated a grade IIA histologic classification. In comparison with the control groups only UFT (20 mg/kg) and HLBI (2 x 10(7) IU/kg) showed significant inhibition when administered alone. Although none of the drugs had an inhibitory effect when administered alone, in combined use they showed a strong antitumor effect which was more than synergistic. Orally administered 5-Fu showed a statistically significant difference only in the combination with 2 x 10(7) IU/kg HLBI. Furthermore, the concentration of 5-Fu in the tumor tissue was not affected by the route of administration or drug combination, whereas that in the serum was below the limit of detection in the intraperitoneally administered cases, 0.0096 +/- 0.0079 microgram/ml, lower than the value for orally administered cases. The 5-Fu concentration was 0.026 +/- 0.012 microgram/ml for orally administered UFT which was significantly higher than the value obtained for orally administered 5-Fu. Thus, combination therapy of HLBI and UFT for renal cell carcinoma is expected to be clinically useful.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A clinical study of total cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Fifty six patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were treated by total cystectomy from January, 1979 through December, 1988. A retrospective study was conducted on 52 patients on whom prognosis could be followed up. There were 40 men and 12 women (male to female ratio: 3.3: 1), between 32 and 79 years old (mean age, 64.1 years old). The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 65.8%, 54.1% and 43.0%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates for patients with low grade (G, I, II) and high grade (G. III) were 41.9% and 42.7%, respectively: with no significant difference in the survival curves between the two groups. The 5-year survival rates according to histopathological stage were 78.9% for patients in low stage, 24.7% in high stage, and the difference in the survival curves between the two groups was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The mortality in the 21 cases of the 33 high stage cases in which cisplatin was used was 42.9%, with 3- and 5-year survival rates were 53.1% and 36.8%, respectively. In the remaining 12 cases in which cisplatin was not used for post-operative chemotherapy, the mortality in the 12 cases was 83.3%, with 3- and 5-year survival rates of 25.1% and 12.3%, respectively. Thus, the patients who received post-operative chemotherapy showed a better survival rate than those who did not with a significant difference (P less than 0.05). The results of the present study suggest the usefulness of post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy in the high stage case.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of sultamicillin in the treatment of urinary tract infections].

Sultamicillin, a new semisynthetic oral beta-lactam antibiotic, was evaluated for its antibacteria susceptibility and clinical efficacy against urinary tract infection (UTI), and the following results were obtained. The sensitivity of sultamicillin (SBTPC) on 518 strains of clinical isolates from the urine were tested and compared to ampicillin (ABPC). S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, P. mirabilis, M. morganii and Acinetobacter sp. showed high sensitivity to SBTPC. The antibacterial activity of SBTPC was superior to that of ABPC in most strains and especially more superior in beta-lactamase producing strains. The clinical effectiveness rate on a total of 15 patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis was 93.3% and the eradication rate of causative organisms was 93.3%. On 15 patients with chronic complicated UTI, the clinical effectiveness rate was 73.3% and eradication rate was 76.5%. Side effects (diarrhea) were observed in 3 cases, but this symptom was not severe and soon disappeared. Abnormal laboratory data due to the drug were not observed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of iohexol in excretory urography].

Excretory urography was performed using iohexol (Omnipaque 300 and Omnipaque 350) on 388 patients requiring urography in the Department of Urology, Nagoya University School of Medicine and 10 affiliated hospitals. Adverse reactions were observed in 3 cases (0.8%), but they were all mild. Good image efficacy was obtained in more than 95% of the patients injected 20 ml, 40 ml, and 100 ml of Omnipaque 300 and 40 ml of Omnipaque 350. There was no difference in the results of image efficacy between 40 ml (Omnipaque 300) and 100 ml (Omnipaque 300) groups. Therefore, the use of 40 ml of Omnipaque 300 for excretory urography was considered to be a very useful screening method for the urinary tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of beta-lactamase-producing strains isolated from urinary tract and their drug susceptibility].

A total of 518 bacterial strains isolated from the urine of patients with various urological diseases in our Urological Department between November, 1987 and February, 1989 were studied for their beta-lactamase production and susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents was determined. beta-lactamase activity was determined by the acidometry disc method. There were 241 gram-positive cocci, 276 of gram-negative rods and 1 Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Thirty-four percent of the gram positive and 76.3% of gram negative rods produced beta-lactamase. S. aureus (81.3%), S. epidermidis (65.1%) in gram-positive cocci, E. cloacae (100%), S. marcescens (100%), C. freundii (100%), P. aeruginosa (97.2%), P. Rettgeri (88.9%), E. gergoviae (85.7%), K. oxytoca (84.6%), M. morganii (81.8%) and E. coli (69.0%) in gram-negative rods produced beta-lactamase at a higher rate. beta-lactamase produced by gram-positive cocci was entirely penicillinase, and that produced by gram-negative rods only penicillinase in 4.0%, only cephalosporinase in 44.2% and both in 25.4%. In S. aureus and S. epidermidis, the isolated rate of strains resistant to ampicillin (p less than 0.01) and piperacillin (p less than 0.05) in the beta-lactamase producing strains was significantly higher than that in the beta-lactamase non-producing strains. In E. coli, the isolation rate of strains resistant to ampicillin and piperacillin in the penicillinase-producing strains was significantly higher than in the penicillinase non-producing strains (p less than 0.01). But both cephalosporinase-producing strains and beta-lactamase non-producing strains showed high susceptibility to cephalothin. These results suggest that the penicillinase might present a clinical problem in the treatment of urinary tract infections by S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E. coli.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗