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Biomedical subjects

H Fujishima

Publications and source records attributed to H Fujishima.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of advanced gastric cancer complicated with multiple liver metastasis successfully treated with l-LV and 5-FU combination].

A 65-year-old man complaining of nausea and loss of appetite was diagnosed as having Borrmann type 3 gastric cancer with multiple liver metastasis. He was treated for 5 days with bolus injections of l-leucovorin (l-LV: 100 mg/m2/day) followed by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 370 mg/m2/day), and this was repeated every 4 weeks. The computed tomography scan after 3 cycles showed an approximately 70% decrease in the size of metastatic lesions, indicating a partial response. The primary gastric lesion also showed a partial response. There were modest but tolerable side effects such as diarrhea. After 3 cycles, the patient was discharged and was given oral 5-FU preparation. He died 9 months after initial chemotherapy with a response duration of 5 months. This l-LV and 5-FU combination therapy appears useful for advanced gastric cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Rectal carcinoid tumor: endoscopic ultrasonographic detection and endoscopic removal.

Eight patients with rectal carcinoid tumors were examined by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) to assess the depth of invasion of the rectal wall. All resected tumors were contained within the submucosa and their depth of invasion was correctly diagnosed by EUS before treatment. Perirectal lymph nodes were not delineated by EUS. Four patients who were treated only with endoscopic polypectomy were completely cured as were four patients who had a surgical resection. EUS is useful in selecting the candidates for endoscopic removal or local resection and thus may help to avoid unnecessary radical surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Ocular fatigue is the major symptom of dry eye.

A total of 524 consecutive new patients (195 male, 329 female, 43.4 +/- 20.8 y.o.) were evaluated for the presence of ocular fatigue and/or dry eye. Dry eye was diagnosed based on our criteria, which included symptoms, vital staining, break-up time (BUT) measurement, and the Schirmer test. Among all the patients, 21.2% (111/524) reported symptoms of ocular fatigue and 15.3% (80/524) were diagnosed as having dry eye with symptoms. Of the 111 patients who complained of ocular fatigue, 51.4% (57/111) had dry eye, which was significantly higher than the 15.3% for the entire group (p < 0.001). Additionally, 71.3% (57/80) of dry eye patients with symptoms complained of ocular fatigue, which was also significantly higher than the 21.2% among all patients (p < 0.001). Dry eye patients had a greater number of complaints (4.3 +/- 2.1 per patient) compared to controls (1.9 +/- 1.3 per patient) (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that there is a strong relation between ocular fatigue and dry eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Perinatal and postnatal study of trandolapril (RU44570) in rats].

A perinatal and postnatal study was performed in female Sprague-Dawley rats treated orally with trandolapril (RU44570) at dosage levels of 3, 30 and 300 mg/kg/day from day 17 of pregnancy to postpartum day 21. In each group, 24 or 25 pregnant female rats were allowed to litter naturally for the postnatal examination of their offspring. Clinical symptoms and mortality attributable to the administration of RU44570 were not observed in the dams (P). In the 30 and 300 mg/kg group, food consumption was slightly lower than that of the control group during the lactation period, however RU44570 did not affect body weight gain. Incidence of dilatation of renal pelvis with higher value in kidney weight was increased in offspring (F1) in the 30 and 300 mg/kg dosage groups, and water consumption at the same dosage groups was higher than that of the control group. Body weight gain in offspring (F1) was depressed in each treated group and viability of offspring (F1) from postpartum day 0 to day 4 was slightly decreased in the 30 and 300 mg/kg dosage groups comparing with that of the control group. No adverse effects were observed on the other postnatal development of the offspring, such as differentiation, sexual maturation, reflex, motor activity, emotionality, learning ability and reproductive performance. No adverse effects were detected in the second generation offspring (F2). The results suggest that the non-effective dose of RU44570 is 3 mg/kg for dams (P), lower than 3 mg/kg for development in offspring and 300 mg for fetuses (F2), respectively.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1993

[Twelve-month oral toxicity study of trandolapril (RU44570) in rats].

1) The chronic toxicity of (-)-(2S, 3aR, 7aS)-1-[(S)-N-[(S)-1- ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl]alanyl]hexahydro-2-indolinecarboxylic++ + acid (trandolapril: RU44570), a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme blocking antihypertensive drug, was assessed in rats by oral administration for 12 months at dosage levels of 0.05, 0.25, 2.50 and 25.00 mg/kg/day, comparing with the control animals received 0.5% methylcellulose solution. Reversibility of the drug-induced changes was also examined by 3 months' withdrawal following the administration period. 2) There was no death or general symptom that was thought to be attributable to the administration of RU44570. 3) The body weight gain was significantly suppressed from 1st week to the end of administration period in male animals of the dosage groups of 2.50 mg/kg or more and from week 1 to 15 of administration in female animals of the 25.00 mg/kg dosage group. During the withdrawal period, the difference of the body weights between these groups and control was reduced and that was never statistically significant. 4) The food consumption generally tended to be lowered in male animals of the dosage groups of 2.50 mg/kg or more throughout the administration period. The values were significantly different from that of control group on almost all measurement points from week 2 to 34 of administration. The difference of the food consumption of these groups from control group tended to be smaller thereafter, although significant difference was seen sporadically. Male animals of the 0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg dosage groups also showed the tendency of decreased food consumption infrequently. There was no constant tendency of fluctuation in the food consumption among the each RU44570 treated group during the withdrawal period. 5) The water consumption increased significantly in male animals of the 25.00 mg/kg dosage group from 1st week to the end of administration period. Male animals of the 2.50 mg/kg dosage group showed similar high value of the water consumption but the degree was lesser than that of 25.00 mg/kg dosage group. Although female animals of the 25.00 mg/kg dosage group showed significantly increased water consumption from week 3 to 4 of administration, they began to show decreasing tendency from approximately week 10 of administration conversely. From week 26 of administration, the water consumption of this group significantly decreased frequently comparing with that of control group. Female animals of the 2.50 mg/kg dosage group showed similar decrease in water consumption from approximately week 26 of administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

[Fertility study of trandolapril (RU44570) in rats].

A fertility study was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats treated orally with trandolapril (RU44570) at the dosage levels of 3, 30 and 300 mg/kg/day. The male rats were treated for 63 days before mating and during the mating period. The female rats were treated from 14 days before mating to day 7 of pregnancy. Each 24 male and female rats in the same dosage group were mated and female rats were sacrificed on day 20 of pregnancy for the examination of their fetuses. No abnormal findings were observed in symptom during the administration period, however body weight gain and food consumption in both male and female animals of treated groups were lower than control group. Any adverse effects on reproductive performance were not detected. Numbers of implantations and live fetuses were decreased slightly at 30 and 300 mg/kg dosage group comparing with those of the control group. However, RU44570 did not affect fetal mortality, growth of fetuses, or the incidence of external, visceral or skeletal malformation of the fetuses. From these results, it is suggested that non-effective dose level of RU44570 is lower than 3 mg/kg for general toxicity in parent animals, 300 mg/kg for reproductive ability in parent animals, and 3 mg/kg for development in embryos and fetuses, respectively.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in dogs by endoscopic ultrasonography.

To clarify the ability of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) to diagnose gastric ulcer, we induced gastric ulcer (19 open ulcers and 11 ulcer scars) by injecting acetic acid into the stomach via an endoscope in 15 dogs. The stomachs were resected and scanned by EUS in a water bath, and the findings were compared with the histologic observations. The ulcer depth was correctly diagnosed in 29 of 30 instances (96.7%). In active, open ulcers the width and depth of the ulcer crater and the thickness of the gastric wall around the crater measured in the photographs obtained by EUS corresponded with those observed in histologic photographs. In the ulcers disrupting the muscularis propria layer the distance between the disrupted muscularis propria layer in EUS also corresponded to the histologic observations. In all ulcer lesions the low-echoic area below the ulcer in EUS corresponded to the histologic area of granulation or fibrosis. However, it was difficult to distinguish granulation from fibrosis by EUS. EUS is thus considered useful for evaluating gastric ulcers quantitatively in the clinical setting.

Acetates↗
PubMed1992

Regional lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: evaluation with endoscopic US.

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed in 83 patients with gastric cancer to evaluate regional lymph node metastasis. Histopathologic findings were compared with preoperative EUS findings in a total of 1,519 resected lymph nodes. In lymph node staging, the prevalence of metastatic adenopathy was 31.3% (26 of 83 patients); EUS had an accuracy of 83.1% (69 of 83 patients), sensitivity of 53.8% (14 of 26 patients), specificity of 96.5% (55 of 57 patients), positive predictive value of 87.5% (14 of 16 patients), and negative predictive value of 82.1% (55 of 67 patients). The greater the maximum diameter of the node with metastasis, or the larger the ratio of the metastatic area to the cross-sectional area of the node, the higher the detection rate. In tumors classified on the basis of depth of invasion according to the 1987 TNM system, the rate of detection of metastasis in individual nodes was 0% in pT1 tumors (none of five nodes), 20% in pT2 tumors (17 of 85 nodes), 29% in pT3 tumors (20 of 70 nodes), and 10% in pT4 tumors (three of 31 nodes). It is concluded that the most important use of EUS will be in diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Endoscopic ultrasonography findings in acute gastric anisakiasis.

To clarify the components of the thickened gastric wall in acute gastric anisakiasis, we evaluated endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) findings of acute gastric anisakiasis. Ten patients with acute gastric anisakiasis underwent endoscopic ultrasonography immediately after anisakiasis was diagnosed by endoscopy. In the acute phase of gastric anisakiasis, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) detected a thickening of the gastric wall made of mainly thickened third layer with low echoic changes. When EUS was performed 7 to 11 days later in seven patients, the EUS findings had normalized. We made clear EUS findings in acute gastritis due to gastric anisakiasis. Consequently, we found, by EUS, that the main inflammatory lesion in anisakiasis was in the submucosal layer of gastric wall.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer by endoscopic ultrasound.

The preoperative use of endoscopic ultrasound was evaluated in 74 patients with confirmed gastric cancer. It was used in diagnosing the depth of invasion in the gastric wall, the infiltration to the adjacent organs, and the involvement of the perigastric lymph nodes. Results were compared with histological findings in resected specimens. Accuracy in staging gastric cancer using the T grade of the 1987 TNM system was 81.1% (60 of 74 patients). Endoscopic ultrasound provided excellent results compared with computed tomography and conventional ultrasound, particularly in evaluating perigastric lymph node metastasis and direct infiltration to the adjacent organs. The success rate in detecting lymph node metastasis was 50% (11 of 22 patients); the accuracy in diagnosing direct infiltration to the adjacent organs was 60% (three of five patients). This technique is useful in diagnosing malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinomas but requires further refinement for use in diagnosing the disease itself. Its preoperative use is recommended for establishing surgical and other treatment plans, as well as in predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Gastroscopy↗
PubMed1991

Scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach versus hypertrophic gastritis: findings at endoscopic US.

To differentiate scirrhous carcinoma from hypertrophic gastritis, 16 patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach and seven patients with hypertrophic gastritis were examined with endoscopic ultrasonography (US) between August 1987 and October 1990. US images of the normal gastric walls of 16 patients with gastric ulcers served as controls. Characteristic features of scirrhous carcinoma included an irregular hypoechoic enlargement of the third (submucosa) and fourth (muscularis propria) layers. The mean thickness of the third and fourth layers was increased sixfold and threefold, respectively, compared with thickness in healthy subjects. In the patients with scirrhous carcinoma, the mucosal layer remained normal in appearance at US, and it was possible to distinguish the five-layer structure of the gastric wall. These findings were prospectively correlated with histopathologic findings in the resected specimens. In contrast, only the mucosal layer was thickened in cases of hypertrophic gastritis. Recognition of these patterns at US can aid in the differential diagnosis of scirrhous carcinoma and such benign diseases as hypertrophic gastritis with a thickened gastric wall.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1991

Effects of combination therapy with pirenzepine and famotidine on tetragastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in humans.

To determine the combined effects of the H2-receptor antagonist famotidine (FAM) and M1-receptor antagonist pirenzepine (PZ) on tetragastrin-stimulated acid production, 10 mg of FAM was intravenously injected into 6 healthy volunteers, alone and in combination with 20 mg of PZ. Physiologic saline was administered separately for control purposes. Compared with physiologic saline, both FAM and the FAM + PZ combination significantly reduced gastric secretion, acidity, acid output, and pepsin secretion. Concomitant use of PZ significantly enhanced FAM-induced reduction of overall gastric secretion, but did not enhance decreases in acid output, acidity, or pepsin secretion. These results indicate that combination therapy with intravenous FAM and PZ may be more useful than monotherapy with FAM in the treatment of gastroduodenal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A case of extragenital choriocarcinoma in the jejunum.

A case of extragenital choriocarcinoma which produces human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the small intestine of a 48-yr-old Japanese women is reported. Only seven such cases have been reported. The patient complained of postprandial upper abdominal pain and vomiting of 5 months' duration. Nine years before, right upper lobectomy was performed because of lung undifferentiated carcinoma. Double-contrast examination of the small intestine showed irregular ulceration in the lower jejunum. Celiac angiography demonstrated a hypervascular tumor stain in the branch of the jejunal artery. The serum HCG level was elevated. Gynecological examination revealed nothing abnormal. A small intestinal neoplasm was diagnosed, and a partial resection of the jejunum was performed. Endoscopy on the operating table showed a large, irregularly shaped sessile ulcer. Histologically the tumor was diagnosed as choriocarcinoma, composed of syncytiotrophoblastic cells and cytotrophoblastic cells. Immunohistochemical staining for HCG was positive. No metastasis was present. Although extragenital choriocarcinoma in the small intestine is rare, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of small intestinal neoplasm.

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Staging and follow-up of primary gastric lymphoma by endoscopic ultrasonography.

The usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was assessed for diagnosing the depth of invasion in the gastric wall, the infiltration to the adjacent organs, and detecting regional lymph node involvement in primary gastric lymphoma. EUS was performed in 11 patients with primary gastric lymphoma who subsequently underwent gastrectomy with lymph node dissection, as well as chemotherapy in some cases. EUS findings showed a good correlation with the histopathology of the resected specimens. An accurate diagnosis of the depth of invasion into the gastric wall was made in 10 of 11 patients using the same T grade of the 1987 TNM system for gastric carcinoma. EUS also clearly visualized the reduction of depth of tumor invasion in two patients who underwent chemotherapy. Perigastric lymph node involvement could be detected accurately in nine of 11 patients. In conclusion, EUS is an excellent and sensitive diagnostic modality for the preoperative staging and follow-up of primary gastric lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Endoscopic ultrasonography in staging a primary early gastric lymphoma: report of a case.

A 74-year-old woman with a history of a benign gastric polyp was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of epigastric discomfort. A diagnosis of primary gastric lymphoma was confirmed by endoscopy and results of abrasive cytology. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), performed prior to surgery, demonstrated clearly the submucosal invasion of the gastric lymphoma. Histopathology on the depth and the involvement of perigastric lymph nodes of surgical specimen confirmed the accuracy of the EUS findings. Thus EUS offers a means of early preoperative diagnosis and staging of gastric lymphoma, and that is superior to conventional endoscopy in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Effects of combined use of roxatidine and pirenzepine on gastric secretion in humans.

We examined the effects of the combined use of H2-receptor antagonist (roxatidine) and muscarinic receptor antagonist (pirenzepine) by oral administration on gastric juice and acid secretion in humans. The volume, pH level, and acidity of gastric juice were determined in the sample collected at 9:00 AM 10 hr after either the oral administration of 150 mg of roxatidine or the combined administration of 150 mg of roxatidine and 50 mg of pirenzepine. Significant decrease in volume and acidity and increase in pH were observed in both roxatidine group and combined group compared with control placebo group, but significant difference were not observed in gastric pH and acidity between roxatidine group and combined group. The volume of gastric juice was decreased significantly by the combined administration in comparison with the sole administration of roxatidine. Consequently, the combined oral administration of the two agents was considered to be more effective than the sole administration of roxatidine for clinical cases which require stronger suppression of gastric secretion at the night.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic ultrasonographic detection of carcinomatous invasion and of lymph nodes in the thoracic esophagus.

The use of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for diagnosing the depth of carcinomatous invasion into the esophageal wall and in detecting mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with esophageal carcinoma was assessed. EUS was performed before surgery in 33 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy with lymph node dissection in our department of surgery between January 1987 and February 1989. The findings of EUS prospectively correlated with intraoperative macroscopic findings and histopathologic findings of the resected specimens. An accurate diagnosis of the depth of invasion into the esophageal wall was made in 30 of the 33 patients (90.1%). Visualization rates of mediastinal lymph nodes were 92.9%, 53.1%, and 1.0% when the nodes were greater than 10 mm in maximum diameter, 5 to 9 mm, and less than 5 mm, respectively. Although EUS had no diagnostic value for patients in whom the ultrasonic probe could not be inserted beyond the tumor, it is an excellent method for evaluating the depth of invasion and detecting lymph nodes greater than 10 mm in diameter. Detection is not feasible when the lymph node is less than 5 mm in diameter. EUS provides the surgeon with one more tool for the preoperative determination of curability.

Adult↗