By treating the rat crude synaptosomal fraction with 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB, a marked decrease of stereo-specific binding of opioid agonist (dihydromorphine or D-Ala-D-Leu-enkephalin) was observed, but there was no effect in the case of the binding of opioid antagonist (naloxone or diprenorphine). The decrease of the agonist binding in the presence of 500 microM of DTNB was nearly equal to that of 100 mM of NaCl. The ability of opioids to inhibit 3H-naloxone binding in the absence of DTNB was compared to their inhibitory potency in the presence of 500 microM of DTNB to obtain DTNB response ratio. This ratio closely correlated with sodium index of each opioid. Potency of the inactivation of the agonist binding by congeners of DTNB changed with net charge of the reagents, and 2,2'-dithiobis-(5-nitropyridine), bearing a positive charge, was most effective. These results suggest that an aliphatic sulfhydryl group, being sensitive to DTNB is located to the active center of an anionic binding site for the agonist, and controls opioid agonist binding through a proton transfer mechanism.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-ulcer action of Panax japonicus rhizome.

Using HCl/ethanol-induced ulcer in rats as a screening model, an anti-ulcer effect was observed for a methanol extract of Panax japonicus rhizome, saponin fractions and chikusetsusaponin III. Results suggest that the gastric mucous membrane-protective effect of the methanol extract is likely to be due to the crude saponin fraction and chikusetsusaponin III.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The anti-ulcer effect in rats of ginger constituents.

The effects of ginger, a pungent stomachic natural medicine, on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats, were examined. The orally administered acetone extract at 1000 mg/kg and zingiberene, the main terpenoid from acetone extract, at 100 mg/kg significantly inhibited gastric lesions by 97.5 and 53.6%, respectively. 6-Gingerol, the pungent principle, at 100 mg/kg significantly inhibited gastric lesions by 54.5%. These results suggest that zingiberene, the terpenoid and 6-gingerol are important constituents in stomachic medications containing ginger.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Localized amyloidosis of the stomach.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amyloidosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Delineation of the gastric muscularis mucosae and assessment of depth of invasion of early gastric cancer using a 20-megahertz endoscopic ultrasound probe.

Using a 20 MHz endoscopic ultrasound system, delineation of the gastric muscularis mucosae and estimation of the depth of malignant invasion was attempted by in vivo scanning during the process of routine endoscopic observation or in vitro scanning of excised sections of 34 early gastric cancers in 32 patients. The muscularis mucosae was visualized as a single hypoechoic layer in 16 of 32 lesions (50%) scanned in vitro. Comparison of lesions in which delineation of the muscularis mucosae was or was not possible revealed no significant differences with respect to either the thickness of the lamina propria and muscularis mucosae or with respect to the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration of the lamina propria or the conditions of the boundary between the lamina propria and the muscularis mucosae. This indicates that improvement of the operability characteristics of the ultrasonic apparatus will be needed to achieve improved delineation of the muscularis mucosae. The accuracy of invasion depth estimation of early gastric cancer was 67% (16 of 24 lesions scanned in vivo) and 73% (8 of 11 lesions) in cases in vivo where the muscularis mucosae and the tumor were delineated on the same screen. The principal factors causing erroneous staging were the presence of dilated benign glandular ducts, ulcer scars, and attenuation of the ultrasound waves.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Intravascular malignant lymphomatosis: an autopsy case with generalized telangiectasia and various neurological manifestations].

We report a 73-year-old woman with intravascular malignant lymphomatosis (IML) who showed generalized telangiectasia as well as various neurological symptoms. In July 1998, she developed fever, dizziness, and confusion followed by left hemiparesis, and was admitted to our hospital on August 11, 1998. Laboratory tests indicated a normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cerebrospinal fluid protein. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed an infarct-like lesion in the left frontal lobe and multiple white matter lesions. After admission, her neurological status deteriorated and lapsed into coma and quadriplegia. At the end of September 1998, generalized telangiectasia appeared, and she was diagnosed as IML on skin biopsy. Although combination chemotherapy failed to improve her neurological symptoms, telangiectasia disappeared in a few days, and the infarct-like lesion on MRI decreased in size. Serum LDH, CRP, and thrombocyte counts were normalized. Autopsy findings revealed perivascular clustering of B cell type lymphoma cells in the left frontal lobe where abnormal signal intensity was found on MRI, as well as the spleen and the bone marrow. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in IML.

Aged↗