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Biomedical subjects

H Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Fujimoto.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of aneurysm of superior thyroid artery by CT and MR imaging.

A 51-year-old man presented with a nonpulsatile anterior neck mass which suggested a thyroglossal duct cyst. At CT a small cystic mass was revealed. The mass contained a well-defined, crescent-shaped, low-density area with homogeneous contrast enhancement. On MR T2-weighted spin-echo and gradient-echo images the mass was as hyperintense as the neck vessels. Angiography and operation confirmed an aneurysm of the left superior thyroid artery with a mural thrombus.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1992

Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from lung cancer presenting with paraparesis: an autopsied case.

A 75-year-old male presented with paraparesis and pain in the thighs, which progressed rapidly. Five days later, he was unable to stand or to void urine. A lung cancer was found in the right upper lobe. A spinal cord metastasis from the lung cancer was suspected from the neurologic and pulmonary findings. After 2 weeks, motor dysfunction and a total sensory deficit were observed below the lumbar region, and the patient developed pneumonia, which resulted in death. Autopsy showed an extensive intramedullary metastasis at the third lumbar segment of the spinal cord. Histology revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

An ileal neobladder for a female patient after a radical cystectomy to ensure voiding from the urethra: a case report.

An ileal neobladder construction realizing normal micturition was successfully performed after a total cystectomy, with preservation of the urethra, for a 69-year-old female patient with invasive bladder cancer. Approximately 60 cm of terminal ileum was selected, detubularized and re-sutured to create an oval-shaped intestinal pouch to which the bilateral ureters were anastomosed. The bottom of the pouch was anastomosed to the urethral remnant. Three months after surgery, the patient achieved daytime continence, and now enjoys almost the same lifestyle as before. This is the first case of successful neobladder construction to be precisely reported for a female patient. For normal micturition, the ileal neobladder will be one of the possible choices for urinary diversion in not only selected male, but also female, patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical evaluation of four tumor markers (CEA, TPA, CA50 and CA72-4) in colorectal cancer].

In a total of 194 cases, consisting of 86 cases of colorectal cancer undergone operation later, 7 cases of non resectable cancer, 34 cases of recurrence, 43 cases of NED (no evidence of a recurrence after radical surgery for colorectal cancer) and 24 cases of benign colorectal disease, serum CEA, TPA, CA50 and CA72-4 levels were determined. The positivity rate was high for all four markers in stage V cases among 86 cases of colorectal cancer, and in cases of non resectable cancer and cases of recurrence. The highest positive rate was obtained with CEA. On the contrary, in cases of stage I to IV the positivity rates of these four tumor markers were as low as 0 to 34.8%. Out of 127 cases of colorectal cancer excluded of 43 NED cases, 52 cases were negative for all four tumor markers and 14 cases were positive only for CEA. In 49 cases, CEA and at least one of the other three tumor markers gave positive results. In 12 cases, CEA gave negative results and at least one of the other three tumor markers positive results. In conclusion, measurement of blood levels of these tumor markers is limited of its usefulness in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. However, in the diagnosis of advanced stage and of recurrence during the postoperative follow-up period the measurement of tumor markers provides useful information. CEA is most sensitive among the four tumor markers tested and any combination of these four markers is not advantageous because of an increase in false positivity rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Antistreptolysin O].

Automated analyzers based on the quantitative immunochemical methods have been developed and can allow quantitative measurements of antistreptolysin O concentrations in the clinical laboratories. Automated ASO determinations improve in point of operation, time, effort, precision and accuracy, compared with the usual semiquantitative methods of tube dilution techniques based on the method of Rantz and Randall or some modification thereof, microtitration of the Edward method and agglutination test using latex or other particles. However, confusion and many kinds of problems have been brought about by the rapid development of automated ASO measurements in routine use. The principle quantitative immunochemical measurements of automated ASO determinations are immune agglutination assays, which are nephelometric immunoassay (NIA), latex agglutination photometric immunoassay (LAPIA) and turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA). Principles and methods of these automated immunoassay, reagents, ASO standard serum, automated analyzers, precision and accuracy, the present conditions and problems of automated analysis in the clinical laboratories were discussed in comparison with usual semiquantitative measurements. There was a good correlation between automated immune agglutination assay (NIA, LAPIA and TIA) and the usual semiquantitative assay. However, the quantitative accuracy of automated immune agglutination assay was decreased in the regions of low and high ASO values. Availability, precision and accuracy of ASO measurement were improved by the automated analysis. However, the methods of ASO measurements were increased and varied by the automated assay. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the automated ASO measurements. The limitation and the clinical significance of the automated immune agglutination assay of ASO have to be studied for practical use in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Molecular biological study on the overexpression of c-myc gene in uterine cervical carcinomas].

The expression of mRNA for c-myc gene was investigated in 30 cases of human uterine cervical carcinoma by Northern blot hybridization, and c-myc gene amplification was also examined by Slot blot hybridization. Overexpression of c-myc gene was detected in one (7.7%) of 13 cases of carcinoma in situ (stage 0), one (10.0%) of 10 stage I and 4 (57.1%) of 7 stage II uterine carcinoma, and c-myc gene amplification was detected in 2 cases (6.7%) in which c-myc gene overexpression was also found. The patient whose c-myc mRNA level was more than 10 times as high as in normal uterine cervical tissue relapsed and died within 2 years after the first treatment. Our results suggest that the overexpression of c-myc gene occurred more frequently in advanced than in early uterine cervical carcinoma and that it might be useful in prognosing cervical cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

On kynureninase activity.

1) In Mg-deficient rats, kynureninase activity is decreased. 2) p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate inhibits kynureninase activity. 3) -SH groups in the apoenzyme of kynureninase play a very important role in the enzymatic reaction. 4) 3-Hydroxykynurenine may be a very important regulative metabolite in the 3-hydroxykynurenine----xanthurenic acid pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Anaerobic induction and tissue-specific expression of maize Adh1 promoter in transgenic rice plants and their progeny.

In order to analyze expression of the maize alcohol dehydrogenase 1 gene (Adh1), its promoter was fused with the gusA reporter gene and introduced into rice by protoplast transformation. Histochemical analysis of transgenic plants and their progeny showed that the maize Adh1 promoter is constitutively expressed in root caps, anthers, anther filaments, pollen, scutellum, endosperm and shoot and root meristem of the embryo. Induction of expression by the Adh1 promoter was examined using seedlings derived from selfed progeny of the transgenic plants. The results showed that expression of the Adh1 promoter was strongly induced (up to 81-fold) in roots of seedlings after 24 h of anaerobic treatment, concomitant with an increase in the level of gusA mRNA. 2,4-D also induced Adh1 promoter-directed expression of gusA to a similar extent. In contrast, little induction by anaerobic treatment was detected in transformed calli, leaves or roots of primary transformants or shoots of seedlings. A detailed examination of seedling roots during anaerobic treatment revealed that the induction started first at the meristem and after 3 h there was strong induction in the elongation zone which is located 1-2 mm above the meristem; the induction then progressed upward from this region. Our results suggest that transgenic rice plants carrying the gusA reporter gene fused with promoters are useful for the study of anaerobic regulation of genes derived from graminaceous species.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1991

Primary adenocarcinoma of duodenal bulb benefitted by chemotherapy.

A 48-year-old man had primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenal bulb. The extensive hepatic metastasis of the patient did not allow any major surgical procedure. Therefore UFTM chemotherapy was performed and was associated with three years of improvement. Subjective symptoms were relieved and test findings indicated normalization of liver biochemistry as well as CEA and CA 19-9. X-ray, endoscopy, and pathological findings indicated the disappearance of the carcinoma of the duodenal bulb. In addition, both ultrasonic examination and CT of the abdomen showed marked reduction of the hepatic metastasis. The authors do not hesitate to recommend the UFTM therapy as a therapeutic modality for inoperable and metastatic primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Effect of trans fatty acids on plasma lipids, platelet function and systolic blood pressure in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

To investigate the effect of trans fatty acids on plasma lipid levels and systolic blood pressure, hydrogenated corn oil was fed to SHRSP (stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats) and WKY (Wistar-Kyoto) rats for 30 days. Significantly lower systolic blood pressure and plasma total cholesterol were observed in SHRSP rats fed trans fatty acids when compared with rats fed cis fatty acids from olive oil. In addition, higher HDL cholesterol and lower VLDL plus chylomicron cholesterol levels were found in SHRSP rats fed trans fatty acids. Although no significant changes of systolic blood pressure and plasma total cholesterol levels were observed in WKY rats after trans fatty acids treatment, WKY rats fed trans fatty acids had lower plasma LDL cholesterol and higher HDL cholesterol levels. In addition, platelet aggregation induced by collagen was decreased in WKY rats fed trans fatty acids. It is interesting that trans fatty acids increased the activity of plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in both SHRSP and WKY rats. The observed influence of trans fatty acids on plasma lipid levels, systolic blood pressure and platelet aggregation suggests that trans fatty acids might prevent thrombotic disorders in SHRSP rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Lysophosphatidic acids induce contraction of rat isolated colon by two different mechanisms.

Lysophosphatidic acids (1-linoleoyl-, 1-linolenoyl, 1-arachidonoyl- and 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) induced rapid contraction of rat isolated colon which was dependent on external Ca2+, 1-linolenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid having the greatest effect. The contraction induced by 1-linolenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid was reduced considerably by nifedipine and verapamil, but not by atropine or indomethacin. Phosphatidic acids with two short-chain acyl groups induced a small, atropine-sensitive contraction at 100 microM, but phosphatidic acids with two long-chain acyl groups were inactive. These results suggest that unlike phosphatidic acids, lysophosphatidic acids act directly on extracellular sites of the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells in rat colon, mainly through activation of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Transfer reaction catalyzed by exo-beta-1,4-galactanase from Bacillus subtilis.

A transfer reaction catalyzed by an exo-beta-1,4-galactanase from Bacillus subtilis was studied. The enzyme had a broad acceptor specificity and transferred galactobiosyl residues to acceptors such as various alcohols, including hydroxy benzenes and saccharides. Transfer products of glycerol formed by the enzyme were compared with those formed by Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase and by Penicillium citrinum endo-galactanase. E. coli enzyme transferred 90% of galactose residues to the primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol and P. citrinum endo-enzyme transferred 80% of saccharide residues to the secondary hydroxyl group. The B. subtilis exo-galactanase was less specific than the other two enzymes and formed two products (1-DG and 2-DG) with a 2-DG/1-DG ratio of about 2. The structures of the saccharides were examined by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and by enzymatic hydrolysis. 1-DG and 2-DG were elucidated to be O-beta-D-galactosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactosyl-(1----1)-glycerol and O-beta-D-galactosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactosyl-(1----2)-glycerol, respectively. The efficiency of the transfer reaction was measured at various concentrations of glycerol using galactotriose as a donor. About 40-75% of galactobiosyl residues were transferred at an acceptor concentration range of 20-100 mg/ml.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1991

[In situ hybridization study on the detection of HPV DNA in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 have been found closely associated with squamous cell carcinoma and related lesions of the uterine cervix. In order to investigate the relationship between HPV and adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix, formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissues prepared from 38 cases consisting of 30 cases of adenocarcinoma and 8 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma were examined for the presence of HPV DNA by in situ hybridization with digoxigenin labeled HPV 6/11, 16, 18 DNA probes. HPV DNA was localized on the nuclei of the cancer cells in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. HPV DNA was detected in 13 cases (43.3%) of adenocarcinoma and 4 cases (50.0%) of adenosquamous carcinoma, and HPV type 18 DNA was detected in 13 cases (34.2%) of adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. These findings suggest an association between HPV, especially HPV type 18, and adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Amplified DNA detection of HPV types 16 and 18 DNA in cervical scrapes by polymerase chain reaction].

Cervical scrapes from 43 patients (12 with chronic cervicitis, 13 with dysplasia, 11 with carcinoma in situ and 7 with invasive carcinoma) were examined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), to detect the amplified E7 gene of the HPV types 16 and 18 DNA sequence. HPV types 16 and/or 18 DNA were detected in 25 of 43 cases by the PCR (type 16 in 16, type 18 in 8, and both types 16 and 18 in 1). In comparison with the results for histological grades, the positive rate significantly increased as the grade of cervical dysplasia became higher. All cases were also examined with a HPV detection kit, the "Vira Pap" which contains 32P-labeled mixed RNA probes complimentary to HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 DNA. Six of 18 cases in which HPV DNA were not detected by the Vira Pap were positive for HPV types 16 and/or 18, so that the PCR was a highly sensitive method compared to the Vira Pap. The PCR has some advantages: 1. it requires only a small amount of specimens and 2. paraffin-embedded sections can also be used. We suggest that the PCR is a useful method for the screening and for retrospective investigation of HPV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cancer detection and prevention].

Studies were performed on cancer detection and prevention in the high cancer risk group. To improve the screening method in the diagnosis of unspecified cancer, a modified combination assay was devised using a combination of several tumor markers and adding risk factors of malignancies obtainable from blood samples. Five tumor markers, AFP, CEA, CA 19-9, DUPAN-2 and CA 125 were determined simultaneously in each serum sample obtained from 54 patients with various cancer diseases. A modified combination assay was also examined using the risk factors of malignancies, pepsinogen I/II ratio together with 5 tumor markers. Detection rate was elevated to 68.5% by a combination assay using 5 tumor markers. Detection rate by modified combination assay using the risk factor (pepsinogen I/II ratio) together with 5 tumor markers was further improved to 88.8% without decreasing the specificity. The modified combination assay is easy in practice and expected to contribute in the screening of unspecified cancer diseases.

Aged↗