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Biomedical subjects

H Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to H Fujii.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Genetic analysis of adenosine deaminase expression in adult T-cell leukemia.

We investigated the genetic basis for the increased adenosine deaminase (ADA) expression in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We found a correlation between the levels of ADA-specific mRNA and ADA immunoreactive protein in ATL. Southern blot analysis revealed no gene amplification or rearrangement of the ADA gene. These findings indicate that increased ADA expression in ATL cells reflects increased transcriptional activity for the ADA gene or increased stability of ADA mRNA.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Histologic types of lung cancers among male Japanese copper smelter workers.

This study was done to investigate which histologic type of lung cancer is prevalent among male Japanese copper smelter workers. A panel of eight pathologists was asked to diagnose uniformly prepared materials for 19 occupational series, 87 nonoccupational bronchogenic carcinomas, and 14 benign lesions. The consensus diagnosis was used as reference. The reference diagnoses and the originals without materials employed for verification were designated as finals. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent cell type in the occupational group, which comprised 21 (75.0%) of 28 histologically proven cases. There were three (10.7%) small cell carcinomas, one (3.6%) large cell carcinoma, and three (10.7%) adenocarcinomas. The proportion of Kreyberg group I in the occupational cases was significantly larger than that of lung cancers in the population-based cancer registries in Japan. These findings are compatible with Kreyberg's hypothesis. Above all, squamous and small cell carcinomas were prominent and appeared to be environmentally related bronchogenic carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

A new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variant (G6PD Tsukui) associated with congenital hemolytic anemia.

A new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variant associated with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia was found in a 20-year-old Japanese male who showed mild hemolysis after an upper respiratory tract infection. The patient had been noted to have jaundice and reticulocytosis several times before this episode. The enzyme activity of the variant was 1.5% of normal. The enzymatic characteristics were slow anodal electrophoretic mobility, high Km G6P, normal Km NADP, decreased heat stability, and a normal pH optimum. From these results, the enzyme was considered to be a new class 1 variant and was designated G6PD Tsukui.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The functional link between the immune suppression gene and Mhc class II molecules.

The immune response to bovine insulin (BI) in the rat is controlled by the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc)-linked immune response gene (Ir-BI) and immune suppression gene (Is-BI). In the present study, we investigated the low responsiveness to BI in the WKAH rat (RT1k) and attempted to explore the functional link between Is-BI and Mhc class II molecules. Lymph node cells (LNC) from the low responder (WKAH) rats responded well to BI when a large amount of antigen was added to the culture in vitro or after OX8-bearing (OX8+) T cells were eliminated. These LNC, after the elimination of OX8+ cells, could show the RT1.Dk-restricted proliferative response upon in vitro challenge with BI, BI-B chain, or pork insulin. In addition, OX8+ T cells, which were activated with BI and antigen-presenting cells (APC) in vitro, suppressed the anti-BI response of W3/25-bearing proliferating T cells from BI-immunized rats. The results have demonstrated that proliferating T-cell repertoires do exist to BI, which recognize BI-B chain in the context of RT1.Dk molecules in the WKAH rat, and that the state of low responsiveness is mediated to a great extent by antigen-specific OX8+ suppressor T (Ts) cells. Furthermore, the elimination of APC or the addition to RT1.Bk-specific monoclonal antibody in the in vitro secondary activation culture of Ts cells diminished the suppressive activity of OX8+ Ts cells. In the induction phase of Ts cells it therefore seems to be necessary for these cells to recognize BI together with RT1.Bk molecules on APC.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Gluconeogenesis in perfused chicken kidney. Effects of feeding and starvation.

1. Starvation for 48 hr doubled the rate of gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate in perfused chicken kidney, but did not change the rate of production of glucose from malate, succinate, or alpha-ketoglutarate. 2. Amino-oxyacetate and D-malate inhibited the production of glucose from lactate and from pyruvate by 55% in each case. Quinolinate reduced the production of glucose from lactate and from pyruvate by 50% in both fed and starved chickens, but had no effect on the production of glucose from intermediates in the citric acid cycle. 3. Starvation increased the rate of formation of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate, but had no effect on the rate of formation of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate from malate.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hyperventilation-induced simultaneous multivessel coronary spasm in patients with variant angina: an echocardiographic and arteriographic study.

Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities during an attack of coronary spasm induced by hyperventilation were examined with use of two-dimensional echocardiography in 27 patients with variant angina. Transient abnormal wall motion (asynergy) confined to one coronary artery region was found in 18 of the 27 patients and transient abnormal motion extending over more than one coronary artery region in the remaining 9 patients. Spasm of more than one major coronary artery was demonstrated separately by coronary arteriography during an attack induced by injection of acetylcholine or ergonovine in seven of the nine patients who manifested asynergy in more than one coronary artery region. In one patient, spasm was demonstrated in one major coronary artery, and the other coronary arteries were severely stenosed or occluded organically. In the remaining patient, acetylcholine was not injected into both arteries; however, the attack was sometimes associated with ST segment elevation in the anterior leads and at other times in the inferior leads. Therefore, simultaneous multivessel coronary spasm seems to have occurred in eight of the nine patients who exhibited asynergy in more than one coronary artery region. The 8 patients with simultaneous multivessel coronary spasm had a higher degree and longer duration of ST segment elevation and a higher incidence of arrhythmias during the attack induced by hyperventilation than did the 19 patients with single vessel coronary spasm, and all of them had no significant organic stenosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angina Pectoris, Variant↗
PubMed1988

Expression of L- and M-type pyruvate kinase in human tissues.

Pyruvate kinase (PK) has four isozymes (L, R, M1, M2) that are encoded by two different genes of PK L and M. Differential splicing produces L- and R-type PK mRNA and M1- and M2-type PK mRNA from the PK L gene and the PK M gene, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of the 3'-noncoding region are the same between the L- and the R-type PK and between the M1- and the M2-type PK. We isolated 3'-noncoding sequences of human L- and M2-type PK cDNA to construct L-type and M-type PK specific probes. With these probes, we performed Northern blot analysis of the RNA samples extracted from human tissues. Northern blot analysis showed that both kidney and liver had mRNAs that hybridized with both the L and M probes. Small intestine, skeletal muscle, brain, testis, and lung mRNAs hybridized only with the M probe. Our probes are considered useful for the detection of the types of PK isozymes expressed in small amounts, which are very difficult to detect using the conventional PK polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic method.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1988

Human liver type pyruvate kinase: complete amino acid sequence and the expression in mammalian cells.

Pyruvate kinase (PK) has four isozymes (L, R, M1, M2) that are encoded by two different genes. Among these isozymes, abnormalities of liver (L)-type PK is considered to be associated with hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia in humans. We isolated and determined the full-length sequence of human L-type PK cDNA. The cDNA contains 1629 base pairs encoding 543 amino acids, 68 base pairs of 5'-noncoding sequence, and 734 base pairs of 3'-noncoding sequence. The similarity between human and rat L-type PK was 86.9% at the nucleotide sequence level and 92.4% at the amino acid sequence level. The full-length L-type PK cDNA was placed under the promoter of simian virus 40 and introduced into monkey COS cells. Human L-type PK activity was detected in the extract of COS cells by the classical PK electrophoresis method.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical analysis of oral lichen-planus-like eruption in graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Immunohistochemical analysis of oral lichen-planus-like eruption (LPLE) in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) was performed on five patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for leukemia. In the mucosal lesions of LPLE in GVHD, the major population of infiltrated lymphocytes in the areas of upper lamina propria (Lp), basal cell layer (Bc), and epithelium above the basal cell layer (Ep) were T-cells (Leu-1+, Leu-4+) and expressed the phenotype associated with suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells (Leu-2a+) rather than helper/inducer T-cells (Leu-3a+). Some of the infiltrated lymphocytes in the areas of Lp, Bc, and satellite cell necrosis (SCN) bore interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor. HLA-DR antigen was expressed on keratinocytes in the LPLE lesions. Immunoelectron micrographs showed various degrees of degeneration of keratinocytes to which Leu-2a+ cells attached, whereas those with accidentally attached Leu-3a+ cells preserved normal structures. These findings suggest that cellular immunity mediated by cytotoxic T-cells may play a major role in the pathogenesis of oral LPLE in GVHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cloning of the mitochondrial genome of Rana catesbeiana and the nucleotide sequences of the ND2 and five tRNA genes.

The entire mitochondrial genome of Rana catesbeiana was cloned into a plasmid vector pBR322 at the unique BamHI site and the nucleotide sequences of the ND2 gene and of its flanking genes were determined. The ND2 gene was encoded by 1,033 base pairs and, as deduced from the nucleotide sequence, the ND2 product consisted of 344 amino acids with a molecular weight of 37,561. This gene was flanked on the 5' side by the tRNA genes for isoleucine, glutamine, and methionine and on the 3' side by those for tryptophan and alanine. These genes were the same in their organization as those found in the mammalian and Xenopus laevis mitochondrial genomes. A comparison of the putative amino acid sequences of the ND2 proteins of different animal species revealed that six regions in the sequence were well conserved during evolution, suggesting that some of these conserved sequences are crucial for biological activity of the ND2 protein. The nucleotide sequence homologies between the five tRNA genes of R. catesbeiana and their counterparts of mammals and X. laevis were in the range of 55 to 85%, depending on the tRNA and animal species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Multivessel coronary spasm in patients with variant angina: a study with intracoronary injection of acetylcholine.

Multivessel coronary spasm has been described but its incidence in patients with variant angina still remains unclear. Thirty-three patients with variant angina were studied during coronary angiographic examination with selective intracoronary injection of acetylcholine (ACh). In all but three patients, the location of ischemia during attack was determined by the electrocardiographic findings, by exercise 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy, and by two-dimensional echocardiography during a hyperventilation test, and the coronary artery (or arteries) responsible for the attack was predicted before the study. ACh induced spasm of at least one coronary artery in all but one patient. ACh induced spasm of both the left and right coronary arteries (i.e., multivessel coronary spasm) in 24 patients: in two of the four patients who were predicted to have spasm of the left coronary artery, in six of the 11 predicted to have spasm of the right coronary artery, in 13 of the 15 predicted to have spasm of both the left and right coronary arteries, and in three of the three in whom coronary artery responsible for attack had not been predicted. This ACh-induced spasm of the left and right coronary arteries occurred separately and no patients showed hemodynamic instability during attack. In one patient in whom multivessel coronary spasm had been predicted and ACh failed to induice coronary spasm, ergonovine maleate (0.2 mg) induced spasm of both the left and right coronary arteries simultaneously, resulting in severe prolonged hypotension. Nineteen of the 25 patients in whom multivessel coronary spasm was documented showed angiographically normal or nearly normal coronary arteries after administration of nitroglycerin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

Intralymphocytic sodium and free calcium and plasma renin in essential hypertension.

Intracellular sodium, potassium, and free calcium concentrations were investigated in lymphocytes of 30 patients with essential hypertension and 30 normotensive controls. All subjects were placed on a diet containing 8 to 10 g of sodium chloride per day. Lymphocyte sodium concentration was higher in hypertensive patients than in normotensive controls (19.8 +/- 1.8 vs 18.4 +/- 1.8 mmol/kg wet weight; p less than 0.01), whereas lymphocyte potassium concentration was similar in both groups. Lymphocyte free calcium concentration was also higher in hypertensive patients than in normotensive controls (134.6 +/- 13.2 vs 120.2 +/- 16.4 nmol/L; p less than 0.01). There was a positive correlation between lymphocyte sodium and free calcium concentrations in normotensive controls, in hypertensive patients, and in the subjects combined (r = 0.59, p less than 0.01; r = 0.71, p less than 0.001; and r = 0.70, p less than 0.001, respectively). Lymphocyte potassium concentration was not related to lymphocyte sodium or free calcium concentration in each group. In patients with essential hypertension, intracellular sodium and free calcium concentrations were negatively correlated with plasma renin activity (r = -0.66, p less than 0.001; r = -0.60, p less than 0.001, plasma norepinephrine concentration. These results suggest that a considerable relationship exists between intracellular sodium and free calcium in lymphocytes and that, in essential hypertension, the alteration in cellular metabolism of sodium and calcium may be linked to the renin system but not to blood pressure, age, or adrenergic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intracellular sodium concentration in lymphocytes and erythrocytes of patients with essential hypertension.

In order to investigate the abnormalities in intracellular sodium concentration ([Na]i) in essential hypertension, [Na]i in lymphocytes and erythrocytes was determined in 37 outpatients with essential hypertension and 35 normotensive controls matched for sex and age. [Na]i in lymphocytes was higher in hypertensive patients than in normotensive controls, while no difference was observed in [Na]i in erythrocytes between the 2 groups. There was no significant correlation between [Na]i in lymphocytes and erythrocytes in either group. In hypertensive patients, plasma renin activity had a negative correlation with [Na]i in lymphocytes, but not with [Na]i in erythrocytes. These results suggest that the increase in [Na]i may be associated with essential hypertension with suppressed plasma renin activity and that lymphocytes are more suitable than erythrocytes for the analysis of [Na]i.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1988

Electrophysiological effects of propranolol in patients with sinus node dysfunction.

The electrophysiological effects of intravenous propranolol (0.15 mg/kg) were studied in 26 patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND group) and 9 patients with normal sinus node function (control group). Spontaneous cycle length and AH interval were significantly increased in the control and SND groups after propranolol. PA and HV intervals, calculated sinoatrial conduction time and refractory periods of the atrium, AV node and ventricle were not significantly changed in either group. Maximum corrected sinus node recovery time (max CSRT) was not changed in the control group, but it was significantly prolonged in the SND group. These results of the overdrive suppression test were in disagreement with those of previous studies. Propranolol lengthened spontaneous cycle length (by more than 200 msec) and/or max CSRT (by more than 1000 msec) in 8 of 26 patients with SND. Thus, it is suggested that propranolol should be used with caution in patients with SND.

Arrhythmia, Sinus↗
PubMed1988

[The method for stress assessment of workers (Part 1). Stress score by self-rating method].

In order to evaluate the grade of reaction to stressors, especially those on occupational life of workers, the following stress survey was conducted. Eighteen new items of occupational life stressors were proposed in addition to the social readjustment rating scale (S.R.R.S.) prepared by Holmes. Furthermore, two items, "own stress tolerance" and "own stress at present," were designed in addition to the foregoing 65 stressors. Marriage is given a score of 50 in reference-standard of stress strength. These 67 items of 1,630 workers were evaluated by the self-rating method ranging in score from 0 to 100. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. As for each item, we examined the average value of the total sample and analyzed them by sex, age, kind of occupation, position, and length of service. We named these stress scores and analyzed the ranking of 65 stress scores. The item with the highest score was "death of spouse (score 82.7)" and the item with the lowest one was "income increase (score 24.7)." The scores of 27 out of 65 items were higher than 50. Next, 65 items were classified into 4 groups, that is, individual life, family life, occupational life, and social life. 2. Scores of the newly designed items to examine the ability to adjust oneself to place of work were "own stress tolerance (score: 73.7)" and "own stress at present (48.8)," respectively. 3. We examined the difference by sex, age, kind of occupation, position, and length of service based on the average value of stress score by t-test and the following results were obtained. 1) Scores of those in the thirties were higher than those in the twenties. 2) Section heads and leaders were under greater stress than division heads. In the same way, the differences among the four groups were analyzed and the following results were observed. 1) The only significant difference was seen in the occupational life stress group. 2) In the occupational life stress group, the scores of those in the thirties, forties, and fifties were higher than those in the twenties. Section heads and leaders were under greater stress than the staff. Workers in service for more than 21 years had higher scores than workers in service for less than 10 years. 4. The practical uses of our stress survey are also discussed in this report.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Molecular analysis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome found in Japan.

Molecular analysis of four unrelated patients with Lesch-Nyhan (L-N) syndrome was performed. All four cases had typical clinical features of L-N syndrome, and the activities of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) were absent. No structural gene abnormalities were found by Southern blot analysis in all cases, and a decrease of HPRT mRNA was not detected by dot blot analysis in two of the four cases. However, HPRT enzyme proteins were detected by Western blot analysis in all cases. Our results showed that the production of immunologically reactive but enzymatically inactive mutant HPRT protein was pathogenic for all four patients.

Adult↗