[Detection of bioradicals by in vivo ESR spectrometry].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Fujii
Publications and source records attributed to H Fujii.
Mosaic expression of uncein and 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen in generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa.
Immunofluorescence microscopy of epidermodermal junction components in serial cryosections from the perilesional skin of a patient with generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa (GABEB) showed broken line-like staining of both BPAG2 (180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen) and uncein (antigen of 19-DEJ-1 monoclonal antibody), whereas integrin alpha 6 and laminin 5 were continuously expressed along the basement membrane zone. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed a mosaic distribution of the BPAG2/uncein positive and negative cells. BPAG2, a candidate protein of GABEB, probably has a close connection with uncein, and anchoring filament component.
Adult↗
[Hazard developing during the follow-up after reparative surgery for complete transposition of great arteries].
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Child, Preschool↗
[Effect of topically applied isopropyl unoprostone on microcirculation in the human ocular fundus evaluated with a laser speckle microcirculation analyser].
The effect of topically applied 0.12% isopropyl unoprostone (unoprostone, Rescula) on the circulation of optic nerve head (ONH) and choroid-retina was studied using a laser speckle tissue circulation analyser in 9 normal human eyes. Normalized blur (NB), a quantitative index of blood flow velocity, was measured every 0.125 sec and averaged over 5 pulses in the temporal site of ONH free of surface vessels and in the middle site of the choroid-retina between ONH and macula. Intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and pulse rate (PR) were also measured. On the first day, NB, IOP, BP, and PR were measured before and every 90 minutes for 6 hours after a 30 microliters instillation of placebo in both eyes (control eyes). The measured values were used as controls. On the other day one week later, a 30 microliters instillation of unoprostone was performed in one randomly chosen eye and the placebo in the other eye (treated and untreated eye). The above parameters were measured as the first day in a double masked manner. In the control experiment, no significant change occurred in any parameter. After topical application of unoprostone, NB in ONH showed no significant change. NB in the choroid-retina significantly increased at 3 (8%) and 4.5 (11%) hours in the treated eyes compared with the control eyes. After topical application of unoprostone, the IOP significantly decreased at 1.5 and 4.5 hours in the treated eyes compared with the control eyes. BP and PR showed no significant change. These results suggest that instillation of unoprostone can increase blood flow in the choroidretna in human eyes.
Adult↗
[Analysis of choroidal blood flow by laser speckle flowgraphy].
We applied real-time laser speckle flowgraphy (RLSFG) to quantitate the choroidal circulation. RLSFG was developed utilizing the laser speckle phenomenon. A diode laser, 830 nm in wavelength, serves as the light source. The quantitative index of blood flow velocity is represented as normalized blur (NB), or square blur rate (SBR). This method was applied to the posterior fundus of monkey and human eyes. While one measurement covers a fundus area of 1 mm x 1 mm, it is possible to measure a wider fundus area by montage. The wide color maps showed the architecture of choroidal vessels. It was possible to measure the choroidal blood flow in areas free of major retinal vessels. Application of the method to 3 eyes of retinal artery occlusion and 4 eyes of geographic choroiditis showed that the obtained SBR values in normal fundus is derived 25% from the retinal and 75% from the choroidal circulation. The findings show the potential value of RLSFG in quantitating the choroidal blood flow in situ.
Animals↗
Inhibitory effects of ubenimex (bestatin) on the invasion of uterine cervical carcinoma cells and their production and activation of gelatinase A.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the aminopeptidase inhibitor ubenimex (bestatin) on the invasive activity of cultured human uterine cervical carcinoma cells. The invasion of squamous cell carcinoma OMC-1 and SKG-IIIb cells, and adenocarcinoma OMC-4 and CAC-1 cells into reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) was inhibited by the presence of bestatin in a concentration-dependent manner. However, bestatin did not have any effect on tumor cell proliferation or migration. Immunoblot analysis of tumor-conditioned medium showed that the treatment of tumor cells with bestatin resulted in the reduction of the 72 kDa gelatinase level (gelatinase A, latent form) in the four cell lines examined, and the reduction of the 68 kDa gelatinase level (gelatinase A, active form) in SKG-IIIb cells. Bestatin inhibited hydrolyzing activities towards substrates of aminopeptidases in tumor cells, but did not directly inhibit gelatinase A. These results suggest that bestatin may inhibit the invasion of uterine cervical carcinoma cells possibly through the inhibitory mechanisms for production and activation of gelatinase A modulated by tumor aminopeptidases.
Aminopeptidases↗
Genetic progression and heterogeneity in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.
Intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas are ideal neoplasms to study clonal progression and genetic diversity because of their large size and prominent intraductal component. We microdissected 55 histologically defined areas from 13 IPMNs, extracted the DNA from each, and performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based microsatellite analysis to detect loss of heterozygosity on chromosome arms 1p, 3p, 6q, 8p, 9p, 17p, 18q, and 22q. LOH was identified at 1p in two cases, at 3p in four cases, at 6q in seven cases, at 8p in four cases, at 9p in eight cases, at 17p in five cases, at 18q in five cases, and at 22q in one of the IPMNs examined. In one of the IPMNs, the allelic losses were uniform throughout multiple microdissected areas, and in four of the IPMNs, there was evidence of clonal progression. In contrast, in three of the IPMNs, substantial allelic heterogeneity was seen. This remarkable heterogeneity may, in part, be due to the slow growth rate of these neoplasms.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
[A case of severe bronchospasm under epidural anesthesia with fentanyl].
A case of severe bronchospasm under epidural anesthesia with fentanyl was described. The etiology of the bronchospasm may not have been related to sympathetic nervous blockade, histamine release, or anaphylaxis. In an asthmatic patient, it should be noted that epidural anesthesia with fentanyl could develop bronchospasm.
Adult↗
[Oligomelanotic malignant melanoma in the nasal cavity diagnosed by IMP scintigraphy].
MRI, 67Ga scintigraphy, and 123I-IMP-SPECT were performed in the patient with oligomelanotic malignant melanoma in the nasal cavity which is not confirmed pathologically at first. MRI failed to diagnose the tumor as malignant melanoma. It was difficult to differentiate malignant melanoma from malignant lymphoma in 67Ga scintigraphy. The remarkable accumulation of 123I-IMP was consistent with the tumor localization in the nasal cavity. This tumor uptake was thought to be oligomelanotic or amelanotic melanoma since the accumulation was more distinctive at the delayed image and since the tumor was not visibly melanotic. Finally the tumor was confirmed to be oligomelanotic melanoma by immunohistochemical examination; which was in accordance with IMP-SPECT findings. Oligomelanotic or amelanotic melanoma occurs in nasal cavity with high frequency. We report here the oligomelanotic melanoma case where IMP-SPECT was rather useful to make a pathological diagnosis than other imaging modalities.
Aged↗
Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone blocks invasion of reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) by murine B16 melanoma cells.
We have examined the effect of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on invasive ability of murine melanoma cell lines with different metastatic potential in a Matrigel invasion assay. alpha-MSH potently blocked the invasion of B16-BL6 cells with highly metastatic potential in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas it was less effective in inhibiting the invasion of weakly metastatic B16-F1 cells. Pretreatment of B16-BL6 cells with alpha-MSH resulted in a decrease of the adhesiveness to fibronectin and laminin substrates in a time-dependent fashion. As assessed by zymographic analysis, alpha-MSH partially inhibited the production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 from both cell lines to a similar degree without affecting the degradative activity of these MMPs. alpha-MSH was more potent in inhibiting the migration of B16-BL6 cells towards both fibronectin- and laminin-coated substrates than that of B16-F1 cells. The growth and morphology of B16-BL6 cells were not changed after a 7-day incubation with alpha-MSH. The number of lung tumor colonies markedly decreased when B16-BL6 cells were coinjected intravenously with 10(-6) M alpha-MSH. However, alpha-MSH had no effect on the experimental lung metastases by B16-F1 cells. These results suggest that alpha-MSH suppressed the invasive and metastatic properties of B16 melanoma cells, and the degree of inhibition was associated with metastatic potential of B16 melanoma cells.
Animals↗
Enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human pancreatic cancer correlates with local disease progression.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic polypeptide that has been implicated in cancer growth. In the present study, we characterized VEGF expression in cultured human pancreatic cancer cell lines and determined whether the presence VEGF in human pancreatic cancers is associated with enhanced neovascularization or altered clinicopathological characteristics. VEGF mRNA transcripts were present in all six tested cell lines (ASPC-1, CAPAN-1, MIA-PaCa-2, PANC-1, COLO-357, and T3M4). Immunoblotting with a highly specific anti-VEGF antibody revealed the presence of VEGF protein in all of the cell lines. Northern blot analysis of total RNA revealed a 5.2-fold increase in VEGF mRNA transcript in the cancer samples in comparison with the normal pancreas. Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis confirmed the expression of VEGF in the cancer cells within the tumor mass. Immunohistochemical analysis of 75 pancreatic cancer tissues revealed the presence of strong VEGF immunoreactivity in the cancer cells in 64% of the cancer tissues. The presence of VEGF in these cells was associated with increased blood vessel number, larger tumor size, and enhanced local spread but not with decreased patient survival. These findings indicate that VEGF is commonly overexpressed in human pancreatic cancers and that this factor may contribute to the angiogenic process and tumor growth in this disorder.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Genetic progression, histological grade, and allelic loss in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.
To investigate the relationships of specific allelic losses to progression and histological grade of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, we studied PCR-amplified microsatellite markers on ten chromosomal arms in 41 cases of DCIS without synchronous invasive cancer. For all chromosomal arms combined, the number of allelic losses was significantly greater in lesions of intermediate or high nuclear grade (5.6 chromosomal arms/case) than in lesions of low nuclear grade (1.2 chromosomal arms/case). Allelic losses of 16q and 17p were commonly found in low nuclear grade DCIS (38 and 34%, respectively) as well as in intermediate and high nuclear grade DCIS (58 and 95%, respectively). Allelic losses of other chromosomal arms examined (1p, 1q, 6q, 9p, 11p, 11q, 13q, and 17q) were uncommonly seen in low-grade DCIS, but were seen at frequencies of greater than 40% in intermediate- and high-grade DCIS. In 10 of the cases (24%), we identified patterns of allelic loss heterogeneity suggestive of intralesional progression, findings that were possible because multiple tumor foci from each lesion were individually microdissected and studied. For these tumors with allelic loss heterogeneity, we reasoned that chromosomal losses common to all tumor foci most likely preceded the chromosomal losses observed only in tumor foci of a more advanced genetic stage. In 9 of these 10 cases, all tumor foci lost 16q, and in 8 of the 10 cases, all tumor foci lost 17p. Together, these observations indicate that chromosomal losses of 16q and 17p occur early in DCIS progression and are common even in low-grade DCIS. Tumors of intermediate and high nuclear grade usually have allelic losses of significantly more chromosomal arms, often including 1p, 1q, 6q, 9p, 11p, 11q, 13q, and 17q. Allelic loss of these chromosomal arms may occur later in DCIS progression.
Alleles↗
XTEM sample preparation technique for n-type compound semiconductors using photochemical etching.
A sample preparation technique based on photochemical etching (PCE) is described for cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) of n-type compound semiconductors. XTEM samples of an InGaAsP/InP single-layer structure, prepared by using a moderately focused laser beam and Br2-methanol solution, gave high quality, damage-free XTEM images. The PCE technique is applicable to other n-type compound semiconductors.
Microscopy, Electron↗
[Case of cerebral anoxia displaying bilateral laminar necrosis at the entire periphery of the cerebral gray matter on MRI].
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Aged↗
Molecular analysis of glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency associated with hereditary hemolytic anemia.
We report here two new cases of glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) deficiency associated with hemolytic anemia and present the results of molecular analysis of the five Japanese GPI variants. A Japanese girl (GPI Fukuoka) had an episode of prolonged neonatal jaundice and at 3 years of age was admitted due to acute hemolytic crisis occurring with upper respiratory tract infection. Red blood cell (RBC) GPI activity was decreased to 11.8% of normal and the reduced glutathione (GSH) level of RBCs was slightly decreased. A 54-year-old Japanese man (GPI Iwate) was hospitalized due to chronic active hepatitis, and compensated hemolysis was noted. RBC GPI activity of the proband was decreased to 18.8%, and the GSH content was about half of the normal mean value. Sequencing of the reticulocyte GPIcDNA showed homozygous missense mutations 1028CAG-->CGG (343Gln-->Arg), 14ACC-->A7C (5Thr-->lle), 671ACG-->A7G (224Thr-->Met), and 1615GAC-->AAC (539Asp-->Asn) in GPI Narita, GPI Matsumoto, GPI Iwate, and GPI Fukuoka, respectively. We also identified GPI Kinki as a compound heterozygote of 1124ACA-->AGA(375Thr-->Arg)/ 1615GAC-->AAC(539Asp-->Asn). Our findings, together with the previous results of other investigators, showed that the GPI gene mutations so far identified were heterogeneous, although most GPI variants had common biochemical characteristics such as heat instability and normal kinetics. Several amino acid substitutions were identified in the proximity of the catalytically important amino acid residues such as Ser/Asp 159/160, Asp341, and Lys518, which have been identified in the structural analysis of the pig GPI. The molecular characterization of human GPI variants, therefore, may provide new insights into the genotype-phenotype correlation of GPI deficiency as well as the structure-function relationship of this enzyme.
Anemia, Hemolytic↗
Effective carrier doping by magnetic field into a pseudogapped state in CeNiSn: A Sn NMR study.
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Journal Article↗
A Case of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS:noncomedo type)Detected by Ultrasonography: Demonstration of Occult Multiple Foci.
We report a case of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast detected by ultrasonographic mass screening in a 51-year-old woman. In a mass screening program for breast cancer, physical examination with inspection and palpation, and ultrasonography (US) were performed. A hypoechoic mass with a slightly irregular margin was detected by US in the lateral upper quadrant of the right breast, at a distance 2 cm from the edge of the nipple. The mass was not detected by physical examinations or by mammography (MMG). The mass, which measured 0.8 x 0.5 cm and was examined by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) under US guidance, was cytologically diagnosed as class X. Modified radical mastectomy (Auchincloss method) was performed with the patient's consent. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed DCIS (noncomedo type) and occult multiple foci of malignancy which was considered tracking centripetally underneath the nipple. This case suggests that US and FNAB performed under US guidance are useful in the detection and diagnosis, respectively, of a breast mass. We should take multifocality into consideration, particularly with tendency tracking to the nipple, in the treatment of small breast cancers such as DCIS.
Journal Article↗
Left-right asymmetric expression of the TGF beta-family member lefty in mouse embryos.
Examples of lateral asymmetry are often found in vertebrates, such as the heart being on the left side, but the molecular mechanism governing the establishment of this left-right (L-R) handedness is unknown. A diffusible morphogen may determine L-R polarity, but a likely molecule has not so far been identified. Here we report on the gene lefty, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta family, which may encode a morphogen for L-R determination. Lefty protein contains the cysteine-knot motif characteristic of this superfamily and is secreted as a processed form of relative molecular mass 25K-32K. Surprisingly, lefty is expressed in the left half of gastrulating mouse embryos. This asymmetric expression is very transient and occurs just before the first sign of lateral asymmetry appears. In the mouse mutants iv and inv, which cause situs inversus, the sites of lefty expression are inverted, indicating that lefty is downstream of iv and inv. These results suggest that lefty may be involved in setting up L-R asymmetry in the organ systems of mammals.
3T3 Cells↗