Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Frommhold

Publications and source records attributed to H Frommhold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Radiotherapy of malignant obstructive jaundice].

Brachytherapy using the afterloading technique with iridium 192 and percutaneous irradiation using 16 MV photons are used for the irradiation of malignant obstructive jaundice. Mostly, however, a combination of both methods can be used to advantage. In bile duct tumors and Klatskin tumors, the endoluminal part can be treated using brachytherapy. The extralumenal growth and, if necessary, all affected regional lymph node areas can be treated by a 3D planned, percutaneous, moving field technique. Intraoperative radiotherapy can be used in a few cases as booster irradiation of tumor conglomerates at the porta hepatis. The decision to use irradiation must be made very carefully since solid tumors are usually involved that require a high target dose, the application of which can lead to unacceptable side effects. The radio-oncological spectrum is therefore confined predominantly to palliative therapy.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Multimodal therapy of small cell lung cancer in TNM stages I through IIIa.

Since 1977, Innsbruck University Hospital has been employing a multimodal therapy concept for small cell bronchial carcinomas in stages I to IIIa. This concept includes all three treatment forms effective in this tumor, namely, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. The therapy scheme is stage-dependent and begins in stages T1-3 N0-1 with lung resection and in stage N2 with chemotherapy. To date, 45 patients have been included in a prospective, nonrandomized (phase II) trial: 7 in TNM stage I, 11 in stage II, and 27 in stage IIIa (6 T3 and 21 N2). The actuarial 5-year survival rate of the entire group (including therapy-related lethality, early recurrences, and protocol violations) is 36%; it is 57% for those in stage I, 28% for those in stage II, and 34% for those in stage IIIa. Median survival time is 18 months. Patients with completed multimodal treatment have a 5-year survival rate of 56% regardless of disease stage. Three patients died of tumor-unrelated causes after 47, 52, and 54 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term results of multimodality therapy of small cell bronchial cancer including surgery].

The results of a prospective Phase II study of a multimodal treatment regimen including surgery of operable stages of small cell lung cancer are reported. Of 45 patients 24 received all parts of the projected treatment. The 5-year survival probability is 56% and 8 patients are still living after more than 60 months. Eleven patients with N2 lymph node metastases receiving the complete therapy have a projected 5-year survival of 60%.

Austria↗
PubMed1991

Long term remission of intrinsic brainstem gliomas: the case reports of two children.

Intrinsic brainstem gliomas carry the worst prognosis of all pediatric CNS tumors; only 10-25% of patients are expected to survive for more than two years. Over a period of four years seven intrinsic brainstem gliomas were diagnosed in children in one institution. Four of them underwent a rapidly fatal course, whilst one was diagnosed only two years ago, which is too recent for long-term evaluation. We report the case histories of the remaining two boys, who showed a favorable course of their disease. Presenting symptoms were headaches and signs of brainstem dysfunction with multiple bilateral cranial nerve palsies, ataxia and pyramidal tract signs. Diagnosis rested on neuroimaging (CAT scans and/or MRI scans). Both tumors were intrinsic brainstem gliomas, one diffuse and the other focal. They responded to treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the former patient and radiotherapy alone in the latter patient). The two boys became long-term survivors and have remained well, without evidence of disease, for more than 71 and 61 months, respectively, after completion of treatment. They are probably cured. Prompt therapy with curative intention is recommended, with consistent adherence to the chosen antitumor regimen even in poor-risk brainstem gliomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Individualized intraoperative radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer].

During the period from 1984-1988 at the University Clinic, Innsbruck (in cooperation with the Department of Radiotherapy and Surgery) 40 patients with pancreas carcinoma were treated with intraoperative radiotherapy. Based upon the preoperative CT's, the operation reports and the patho-anatomic judgement of the operative specimen for 19 patients the quality of the performed IORT (with curative intention combined with partial pancreaticoduodenectomy) was examined. This examination was based upon a standardized concept. In 53% of the cases the chosen irradiation field was too small and, in most cases the applied single dose was from radiooncological point of view not sufficient. These results emphasize the need for preoperative treatment planning depending from the surgical intention, the need for individually shaped cones and direct field control of the applied dose.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Operation for N2 small cell lung carcinoma.

Of 48 patients with limited small cell lung carcinoma treated by different modes, but always including radical operation, a series of 25 patients with N2 lymph node metastases is reported. In a first period (1970 to 1977) treatment consisted solely of radical resection in 3 patients; chemotherapy was added to operation in 6, and local radiotherapy was added in 2. Since 1977, 14 patients were treated according to a comprehensive therapy protocol including radical resection (six pneumonectomies, one bilobectomy, seven lobectomies), chemotherapy, local radiotherapy, and prophylactic cranial irradiation. Eleven patients, in whom N2 disease was confirmed preoperatively, received chemotherapy as the first step, followed by "adjuvant" resection. Projected 5-year survival rate is 25% for the entire N2 group and 47% for the comprehensively treated group. Seven patients of this latter group are alive 12, 19, 30, 48, 66, 73, and 74 months after comprehensive therapy, equivalent to an observed 2-year survival rate of 38%. This is the largest reported series of patients with resected small cell lung carcinoma in the N2 stage treated at a single institution; the results are so encouraging that we can no longer advocate general refusal of radical lung resection for small cell lung carcinoma in the N2 stage if it is part of a multimodal therapeutic protocol.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Influence of local radiotherapy of breast cancer patients on the frequency of cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor cells.

Alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor (CTL-p) frequencies were analyzed in ten patients with histologically proven breast cancer receiving prophylactic RT. The frequency of CTL-p was assessed by limiting dilution (LD) analyses before, immediately after discontinuation of treatment and at various times following RT. The number of pbmnc, adherent cells and T cells was determined in parallel. Local RT led to a minor and transient reduction of CTL-p frequencies lasting approximately three months: on average a 25% decrease of CTL-p numbers was seen immediately after RT. Three months following treatment, a 20% reduction was still evident. Values subsequently returned to pretreatment levels. Moreover, these changes in the frequency of antigen-specific CTL were accompanied by a 25% to 39% decrease in the blood T cell counts lasting for more than 12 months. The reductions following local RT were less pronounced than those induced by immunosuppressive drugs in allograft recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Plexus neuropathy: tumor infiltration or radiation damage].

Plexus neuropathies often occur in patients with breast cancer after varying periods following surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. In most cases this has been ascribed to radiation fibrosis. The attempt to arrive at a clinical diagnosis fails because of the similarity of symptoms in both cases namely pain and the absence of motoric and sensory reflexes. But a clear diagnosis is of fundamental importance for further treatment. Only a surgical intervention can verify the diagnosis. In this study, the results of operative findings are presented and compared with a second group of patients who had died of breast cancer having undergone surgery and radiotherapy. The findings brought a surprising fact to light: a considerably high percentage of all patients suffered from large scale tumour infiltration in the plexus. The morphology and histopathology of these lesions are described. Possible explanations are given for the difference in lesion patterns, so that a clinical diagnosis might be derived therefrom.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of tumor response in patients with bladder cancer undergoing combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

The value of non-invasive methods to evaluate the tumor response in locally advanced bladder cancer has to be established. 34 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer were treated by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The response of the local tumor was assessed by biopsy, deep transurethral resection, partial cystectomy or cystectomy and computerized tomography scan. Persistent tumor or complete response could be diagnosed by computerized tomography scan in 76% of the patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Concurrent adriamycin and radiotherapy in locally advanced bladder cancer.

A prospective 2-phase study was performed on 24 patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder to evaluate the toxicity of integrated treatment with Adriamycin 10 mg/m2 (group A) or 20 mg/m2 (group B) and hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy. Local and systemic toxicity with Adriamycin 10 mg/m2 was significantly lower than with 20 mg/m2. Complete tumour remission was achieved in 18 patients (6 of 8 patients in group A and 12 of 16 in group B). In 12 cases the treatment could be stopped after the first series.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Possibilities in current radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies].

Radio-oncology ranks highly in the treatment concept of tumours of the head and neck. Radiotherapy alone yields excellent rates of remission and cure with good cosmetic and functional results if applied in an early stage. Advanced tumours require the use of combined treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The results of radiotherapy show a close relation to the applied dose in the target volume. This dose depends on the histology of the tumour, its localisation, its size, and the extent of involvement of lymph nodes. Radio-oncologically one can expect an increase in the rate of cure in higher tumour stages by the use of interstitial brachycurie therapy, intraoperative radiotherapy, hyperthermia and the employment of radiosensitisers of low toxicity. Close interdisciplinary cooperation is essential for achieving the best possible success of treatment.

Brachytherapy↗