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Biomedical subjects

H Fischer

Publications and source records attributed to H Fischer.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Chemical characterization of macrophage cytotoxicity factor, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, T-helper cell-replacing factor and colony-stimulating factor from culture supernatants of concanavalin A-stimulated murine spleen cells.

Supernatants from Concanavalin A-stimulated murine spleen cells were subjected to hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose. Macrophage cytotoxicity factor (MCF), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), T-helper cell-replacing factor (TRF) and colony-stimulating factor (CSF) were bound at high ionic strength and were released stepwise at low ionic strength. CSF thus could be separated from MCF, MIF and TRF and the bulk of other proteins. Chromatograhy of pools containing MCF, MIF and TRF on Sephadex did not lead to a separation of the three activities which were all found in a molecular weight range of 25.000-55.000. Isoelectric focusing of these pools in pH range from 4 to 9 gave two peaks for MCF in a single sharp peak at pH 5.3. The results demonstrate that the four biological activities can be distinguished on a chemical basis and are accessible for purification and chemical characterization.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Basal and stimulated levels of prolactin, TSH and LH in serum of chronic schizophrenic patients, long-term treated with neuroleptics.

Basal and stimulated (0.2 mg TRH, 0.025 mg LHRH) levels of prolactin, TSH and LH were measured in serum of 12 male and 10 female chronic schizophrenic patients, hospitalized and treated with neuroleptics from 6-21 years. The mean values of the 3 pituitary hormones were within the normal range in both sexes. Tolerance to the prolactin increasing effect of neuroleptics appears to develop after long-term neuroleptic treatment. TSH and LH secretion are not markedly impaired by chronic neuroleptic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Hyperammonemia due to ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency--a cause of lethal metabolic crisis during the newborn period and infancy (author's transl)].

A severe hyperammonemia is the characteristic finding in patients with enzyme defects in urea cycle and one of the main causes of the acute metabolic crisis dsuring the newborn period and infancy. A case report is given about two male infants, who died in the age of one and of seven months respectively. In the second child the blood ammonia concentration raised up to 833 micrograms/100 ml, and, OTC deficiency was diagnosed due to enzyme determination in liver biopsie. Probably, the first child, that also died as newborn, suffered from the same disease. In this case, only post mortem findings are available.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1980

Effects of gastrointestinal hormones and carbamylcholine on cAMP accumulation in isolated pancreatic duct fragments from the rat.

A modification of a technique to isolate kidney tubule fragments and pancreatic acinar cells has been used to prepare a suspension of pancreatic duct fragments from rats with pancreatic lipomatosis due to pretreatment with penicillamine and a copper-free diet. This suspension is 90-95% pure almost without any acinar cell contamination. The accumulation of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in response to various gastrointestinal hormones, hormone-like substances and theophylline was studied in these isolated pancreatic duct fragments. In the absence of theophylline, secretin increased the level of cAMP in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum at 10(-6) M. With supramaximal doses the concentration of cAMP decreased. During maximal stimulation with secretin the level of cAMP was dependent on the concentration of fragments in the incubation mixture. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) also increased the formation of cAMP. However, VIP was 10 times less effective than secretin on a molar basis. The addition of various concentrations of VIP to a submaximal dose of secretin did not alter cAMP levels as compared to the levels observed with the same concentration of secretin alone. Theophylline (5 x 10(-3) and 10(-2) M) stimulated cAMP accumulation and 5 x 10(-3) M theophylline potentiated the response to secretin and VIP. Pancreozymin (20 and 99% pure), glucagon bovine pancreatic polypeptide and carbamylcholine did not effect the level of cAMP when given alone or in combination with secretin. These data lend support to the hypothesis that cAMP is the intracellular mediator of the action of secretin and VIP on the pancreatic duct cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Chemiluminescence and immune cell activation: general features of the thymocyte chemiluminescent responses to plant lectins.

Rat thymocytes respond to exposure to plant lectins by a burst of oxidant generation as detected by chemiluminescence (CL) (CL) in presence of luminol. All lectins tested were capable of evoking CL as long as sufficiently high concentration was used. There was no correlation between the capacity of a given lectin to evoke CL on one hand and its ability to cause mitogenic transformation or thymocyte agglutination on the other. During the first few minutes following exposure to Con A, cells in the thymocyte pool become committed to CL but once commitment is induced, removal of cell bound ligand by addition of excess methyl-alpha-D-mannoside does not significantly alter the response. Succinylated Con A is as effective as native Con A at lower concentrations but is much more effective at higher concentrations in evoking CL. Thymocyte CL can occur in absence of extracellular calcium but this calcium-independent CL is reduced by the addition of magnesium. In presence of calcium, CL response is greatly augmented and the calcium dependent response is not inhibited in presence of magnesium. The response is relatively radiosensitive. Thymocyte CL response is inhibitable by catalase and scavengers of oxidative radicals but is relatively resistant to the effects of superoxide dismutase, requiring high concentrations of significant effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of prostaglandin E1 on the level of cAMP in bone marrow macrophages. Inhibition of phagocytosis and cell shape changes.

The effect of prostaglandins E1 (PGE1) and F2 alpha (PGF 2 alpha) on levels of cAMP, cell shape and phagocytosis of zymosan were examined. The addition of 10(-6) M PGE1 induced an immediate rise in the level of cAMP which fell again after 2.5 min. Phagocytosis was inhibited only after 60 min. of drug treatment. PGF 2 alpha did not show this effect. Neither db-cAMP or papaverine showed a similar effect on phagocytosis and cell shape to that produced by PGE1 treatment. Therefore, we conclude, that PGE1 does at least not exclusively act by changing cAMP levels, but rather directly influences cell membrane functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Action of prostaglandin E1 and F2 alpha on the pinocytic activity of horseradish peroxidase in bone-marrow derived macrophages.

The influence of prostaglandin E1 and F2 alpha on the pinocytic activity of bone-marrow macrophages was studied biochemically and morphometrically. The results show that prostaglandin E1 induces 44% inhibition of pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase; prostaglandin F2 alpha has no significant effect. Morphometrical analysis of electron micrographs demonstrates that inhibition of pinocytosis is connected with diminished average size and raised number of pinocytic vesicles. The influence of prostaglandin E1 on pinocytosis is fully reversible. Further experiments are needed to explore the molecular mechanism of the prostaglandin E1 induced alteration of membrane function.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Surgical treatment of instable per- and subtrochanteric femure fractures with the 130 degrees double-T-plate. Clinico-experimental report].

1. Operative treatment of instable inter- and subtrochanteric fractures with a new 130 degrees double-T plate allowed, in spite of high-risk patients (age mean = 85 years, multimorbidity approximately 92%), full maximum stress by the third day after the operation and a shorter time of hospitalisation of 22.5 days. Lethality was 12.2%. - 2. Load experiments showed that the double-T-profiled 130 degrees plate with increased lateral moment of resistance could support a weight five times greater than that supported by 130 degrees implants with transversal blades, and had a resistance to bending two-and-a-half times greater than hip compression screws. In an 'intertrochanteric' position the plate could carry 3000 N and in a 'subtrochanteric' position 1000 N without permanent deformity. - 3. A review was carried out in 62.6% of the patients 6-32 months after double-T-plate osteosynthesis. Acceptable results were revealed in 80.7%. Of the 98 patients reviewed 44% had complete freedom of movement, 34.6% walked with a stick, 15.4% required crutches and 6% were unable to walk.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Serum activity of leucine aminopeptidase in lymphotropic infections and in malignant lymphomas].

Increases of the leucine aminopeptidase according to data of literature are regarded as a sensitive parameter of lesions in liver diseases. In patients with active generalised lymphadenitis (viral infections, toxoplasmosis) as a typical enzyme constellation a relatively strong leucine aminopeptidase increase in the serum with missing or relatively slight enzyme deviation of the transaminases could be found. The quotient of the activities of LAP/ALAT was clearly above that of inflammatory liver diseases. In chronic lymphatic leukosis, plasmocytoma and malignant lymphomas the leucine aminopeptidase serum activities were within the normal. Increases of leucine aminopeptidase in lymphotropic infections are probably partly of extrahepatic origin.

Humans↗