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Biomedical subjects

H Feychting

Publications and source records attributed to H Feychting.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Plasma concentrations of atropine after rectal administration.

The rectal administration of the premedication for children is often preferred in order to minimise discomfort. The appropriate dose of atropine when rectally administered is poorly documented. In this study six children weighing between 7.5 and 41 kg were given 0.02 mg atropine sulphate/kg rectally and four children were given the same doses intramuscularly. Plasma concentrations of atropine were analysed at several intervals after administration by a modified mass fragmentographic method accurate to 0.1 ng/ml. Peak plasma concentration of atropine, reached after 15 minutes, was 0.7 ng/ml, compared with 2.40 ng/ml reached after 5 minutes for the intramuscular route. The relation between intramuscular and rectal peak concentration was 3.2:1.

Atropine↗
PubMed1983

Rehydration using solutions with and without glucose before emergency abdominal surgery in children.

The metabolic effects of six different solutions used for rehydration were studied in 88 children before emergency abdominal surgery. A volume corresponding to 5% of the body weight was given i.v. during 4 h (12.5 ml . kg-1 . h-1) between admission and surgery. The different solutions were: low glucose electrolyte solution (LGE), Rehydrex 2.5%, Rehydrex 5% containing 0.9, 2.5 and 5.0% glucose, respectively, Ringer, Ringer lactate and Ringerdex (30 mmol acetate . l-1). Venous blood samples were drawn before and after rehydration and analysed for glucose, insulin, alanine, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol and base excess. Before rehydration the plasma concentrations of NEFA, glycerol and 3-HB were elevated, while that of alanine was decreased. Plasma levels of NEFA and 3-HB remained unchanged, whereas glucose and insulin decreased after rehydration with glucose-free solutions, i.e. Ringer, Ringer lactate and Ringerdex. With solutions containing glucose the concentrations of NEFA and 3-HB decreased significantly. With Rehydrex 5% hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia were observed. Rehydration using LGE and especially Rehydrex 2.5% resulted in decreased lipid mobilization and ketonaemia without concomitant marked increase of glucose and insulin. LGE and Rehydrex 2.5% thus appeared to be the most appropriate solutions in a situation where moderate dehydration had to be corrected during a short period of time before emergency abdominal surgery.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1979

Morphine kinetics in children.

The kinetics of morphine in the plasma of children (0 to 15 yr) can in most cases be adequately described by a triexponential function. When the dosage in children receiving morphine as premedication before surgery is based on kilograms of body weight, there are only minor differences in the kinetic patterns of morphine at different ages (0 to 1, 1 to 7, and 7 to 15 yr). No significant difference in the morphine kinetics was observed between patients (7 to 15 yr) receiving the drug only as premedication and those who also received doses during surgery. The minimum morphine concentration in plasma necessary to suppress the clinical signs of pain during surgery was found to be 65 ng/ml (95% confidence limits of 46 to 83 ng/ml). Based on these minimum effective plasma levels of morphine, there does not seem to be any difference between children of different ages in their sensitivity to morphine. No difference was found in the minimum effective level of morphine when clinical signs of pain were observed by different anesthesiologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Total parenteral nutrition in infants. Blood levels of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids, glycerol, d-beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, free amino acids and insulin.

Two regimens (A and B) for TPN were designed to meet the requirements of newborn infants for calories, amino acids, fatty acids, electrolytes, trace elements and vitamins. Both "A" and "B" included fat emulsion (Intralipid). "A" contained fructose and glucose, "B" glucose only. "A" provided amino acids (Vamin) in proportions similar to those of whole egg, "B" similar to those of human milk. All nutrients were given simultaneously into peripheral veins by constant infusion. Nineteen patients (11 newborns, 8 infants) were studied for 1-28 days. Twelve infants recovered, 7 died. In none could TPN be regarded as the cause of death. Treatment was complicated by sepsis in 5 infants. During the course of treatment, blood levels of substrates and insulin were measured before, during and 30 min after discontinuation of TPN. Highly raised concentrations of circulating substrates seen in 3 infants seemed to be related to a poor clinical condition rather than to the regimen used. Infants in good condition tolerated TPN well. Low levels of branch-chained amino acids and tendency to ketonemia, when infusion was stopped, suggested that minimal rather than optimal supply of energy and of amino acids in relation to energy was provided with both regimens. Low insulin levels associated with elevated blood levels of substrates suggested that insulin administration to selected cases might be indicated. Fructose (0.30 g/kg X hour-1) given with regimen A increased blood lactate concentrations. Homocystinaemia appeared in 2 cases; disappearance after excess vitamin B6 administration indicated increased B6 requirement.

Amino Acids↗