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Biomedical subjects

H F Pabst

Publications and source records attributed to H F Pabst.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of breast-feeding on antibody response to conjugate vaccine.

Infants were immunised at the ages of 2, 4, and 6 months with conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, and their responses to the vaccine were evaluated by feeding method (breast or formula). There were no significant differences between the groups in antibody levels at early ages. However the antibody levels were significantly higher in the breast-fed (57 infants) than the formula-fed group (24 infants) at 7 months (mean [SD] 29.8 [32.0] vs 17.5 [14.8] micrograms/ml) and at 12 months (55 vs 26 infants; 4.8 [4.4] vs 3.0 [2.3] micrograms/ml). These findings are strong evidence that breast-feeding enhances the active immune response in the first year of life, and therefore the feeding method must be taken into account in the evaluation of vaccine studies in infants.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Effect of breast-feeding on immune response to BCG vaccination.

The effect on BCG immunisation of feeding either formula or breast milk was assessed in Canadian Cree infants who were vaccinated either at birth or after 1 month of age. The response to BCG was measured in terms of lymphocyte blastogenesis stimulated by purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Breast-feeding significantly enhanced cell-mediated immune response to BCG vaccine given at birth, but had no significant effect if vaccine was given after 1 month. These findings were not related to maternal history of tuberculosis or BCG vaccination, and the feeding method did not influence lymphocyte stimulation by candida or streptococcal antigens.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Prospective trial of timing of bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination in Canadian Cree infants.

We studied 184 Cree Indian infants in randomized, prospective fashion to assess the effect of age on lymphocyte sensitization to purified protein derivative (PPD) before and after and without bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Lymphocyte responses to PPD, Candida, and streptokinase were measured at birth and at intervals later. The mean response of paired values from 26 infants without BCG vaccination rose for the PPD stimulation index (SI) from 2.7 at birth to 3.9 before 2 yr of age. The SI for both Candida and streptokinase for this group of infants rose significantly in the first 2 yr (p less than 0.05). In 66 infants who received BCG in the first 7 days of life, the PPD-SI rose from 3.1 to 35.3 (p less than 0.001). In 17 infants who received the vaccine later but before 9 months, it rose from 3.1 at birth to 24.9, and in 14 who received it between 9 months and 2 yr, it rose from 2.2 to 52.9. The lymphocyte responses to PPD after BCG in these two groups were significantly different (p less than 0.05). There was no evidence in the older infants that a raised PPD-SI before BCG vaccination affected lymphocyte sensitization by the vaccine. We conclude that increasing the age at vaccination with BCG from birth to more than 9 months enhances immunologic sensitization to PPD significantly in this population.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Transfer of maternal specific cell-mediated immunity to the fetus.

The extent of specific cell-mediated immunity was measured in 67 consecutive newborns and their mothers. The stimulation index of blast transformation of the infants' lymphocytes in the presence of purified protein derivative, Candida extract and streptokinase was greater than 2.0 in 54%, 18% and 23% respectively. This was seen only in infants whose mothers' index was also greater than 2.0 to the same antigen. Leucocyte inhibition factor generated from lymphocytes of four babies in the presence of purified protein derivative inhibited migration of indicator cells over 50%; their stimulation index with purified protein derivative was greater than 2.0. Newborns have cell mediated immunity to the same antigens as their mothers, and this wanes during the first few months of life.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1982

Decreased polyamine content of concanavalin a stimulated lymphocytes in Down's syndrome subjects.

Increased polyamine content is associated with increased rates of cell growth. Several Down's syndrome (D.S.) tissues have been shown to have decreased growth rates. Studies were undertaken to determine if the polyamine content of stimulated D.S. lymphocytes was similar to that of stimulated normal cells. Lymphocytes were isolated and cultured in the presence of Concanavalin A for 4 or 5 days. Polyamines were than extracted and quantitated. After 4 days spermidine content for normal cells was 930.9 +/- 127 and for D.S. cells 489.2 +/- 113.1 nmoles/10(9) cells (P less than 0.025). Spermine content of normal cells was 1152.8 +/- 157.4 and for D.S. cells 533.9 +/- 82.0 (P less than 0.005). After 5 days in culture spermidine content of normal cells was 803.0 +/- 75.9 and for D.S. cells 446.2 +/- 76.5 nmoles/10(9) cells (P less than 0.005). Spermine content was 1155.7 +/- 121.9 for normal cells and 555.1 +/- 68.4 nmoles/10(9) for D.S. cells. Decreased content of polyamines in D.S.-stimulated lymphocytes is most probably due to decreased rate of polyamine synthesis. Decreased content of polyamines in response to stimulation may be a factor in decreased growth rates and altered immune function seen in D.S. patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with hypothyroidism.

Two brothers with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia were found to have urticaria pigmentosa-like skin pigmentation with increased mast cells and melanin depositions in the dermis. Structural ciliary abnormalities of the respiratory tract were seen, and these may contribute to their severe recurrent chest infections. Primary hypothyroidism occurred in both by 3 years of age and responded to replacement therapy. The abnormalities seen appear to be the result of a common genetic aberration causing a particular sequence of maldevelopments during embryogenesis. This form of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia associated with hypothyroidism gives a unique insight into the potential extent of structural defects of ectodermal dysplasias.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Immunologic response in vitro after thymechtomy in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Thymectomy in adult animals impairs immune functions such as lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and to allogeneic cells. The responses of lymphocytes from 18 myasthenia gravis patients, 12 of whom had undergone thymectomy, were studied; the interval between thymectomy and investigation ranged from 1 month to 26 years (mean, 9.5 years). Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in autochthonous plasma or homologous AB serum. In vitro responses to stimulation with PHA, concanavalin A and allogeneic monomuclear cells were within the 95% range of normal responses in all patients. Because our findings contrast with the definite immune defects resulting from thymectomy found in adult animals, longer follow-up is needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Partial DiGeorge syndrome with substantial cell-mediated immunity.

Results of studies on two male infants with incomplete expression of the DiGeorge syndrome are analyzed. Both infants demonstrated neonatal tetany with hypoparathyroidism, cardiovascular anomalies, and absence of a thymus shadow on roentgenographic examination. Some degree of cellular immunity was present in both infants, however, including normal in vitro responses to phytohemagglutinin, thus postponing attempts at thymus transplantation. Both infants died suddenly at home, one at age 7 1/2 weeks and the other at age 44 weeks. At autopsy, no thymus was found in one, and a 2x2-mm thymus was detected after extensive search in the other. These cases emphasize the need for repeated monitoring of all immunologic measurements in the partial DiGeorge syndrome, so that early therapeutic intervention can be undertaken.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1975

HL-A frequencies in Down's syndrome.

HL-A antigen frequencies were examined in 76 Down's syndrome individuals and 733 normal Caucasians. 10 antigens of the first locus and 15 antigens of the second locus were defined, using a microlymphocytotoxicity technique. No significant differences were observed between the normal and Down's syndrome samples, in contrast to a previous report (Boxer and Yokoyama, 1972) of decreased HL-A antigen frequencies in Down's syndrome individuals. Our results therefore suggest that there is no relationship between trisomy 21-associated immune aberrations and altered HL-A antigen frequencies.

Adolescent↗