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Biomedical subjects

H F Krous

Publications and source records attributed to H F Krous.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Campomelic syndrome--possible role of intrauterine viral infection.

Two infants whose malformations fulfilled the clinical, radiographic and pathologic criteria of campomelic syndrome, were additionally found to have features suggestive of intrauterine viral infection. The presence of hydrocephalus and hydromyelia in both neonates and focal proliferative villitis in the placenta of one suggests that intrauterine viral infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of campomelic syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

In utero distal pulmonary meconium aspiration.

We have recently had eight cases of severe meconium aspiration syndrome which occurred despite clearing of the posterior pharynx of meconium after delivery of the head but before delivery of the body. Seven of the eight cases had documented fetal distress before delivery. Two stillborns with meconium aspiration are presented and illustrate that electronic fetal monitoring and aggressive obstetric intervention should be coupled with the suctioning technic to prevent significant mortality and morbidity associated with meconium-stained deliveries.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of overt CNS leukemia.

At this time, methotrexate and CNS radiotherapy used together offer the best chance for prolonged remissions in children who develop overt CNS leukemia. Toxicity is a major problem. Unless a lower dose of radiation is used, the contribution of radiotherapy to neurotoxicity cannot be reduced. However, the toxicity of intrathecal methotrexate can be reduced by using Elliot's B as a diluent, combining methotrexate with hydrocortisone, and using a standard dose after the age of 3 years rather than a dose based on body surface area. Fortunately, the incidence of CNS leukemia has decreased over the years due to prophylactic CNS therapy. However, when a CNS relapse does occur, it carries a grave prognosis and is therefore still a significant problem necessitating continued research.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis.

Neonatal nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), a rare disorder yet to be diagnosed antemortem, is described in two infants. The first infant was postmature and suffered from polycythemia and meconium aspiration. The meconium-stained placenta manifested evidence of ischemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The second patient was delivered near term by cesarean section, and hyaline membrane disease developed. The pathogenesis of NBTE may relate to perinatal hypoxia with transient tricuspid insufficiency, polycythemia, and DIC.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1977

Glomerulocystic kidney. A hypothesis of origin and pathogenesis.

Glomerulocystic kidney, a disease primarily of infants, is characterized by dilation of Bowman's space. We describe an infant whose mother had regularly taken phenacetin during the latter half of her pregnancy. This history, with the renal morphologic features of our patient and those described in the literature, suggests that medullary obstruction contributes to the pathogenesis of this lesion.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Pathogenesis of Osler's nodes.

Four patients in whom endocarditis had been verified at autopsy had the pathogenic organism isolated from aspirates of Osler's nodes. In three cases the responsible organism was identified in Gram stains made from aspirates. The etiologic agent was Staphylococcus aureus in three cases and Candida albicans in one case. Histologic examination of an Osler's node from one of the patients with S. aureus endocarditis showed a microabscess in the papillary dermis together with microemboli in nearby dermal arterioles. Workers previously have interpreted similar histologic findings as consistent with perivasculitis resulting from an immunologic reaction to the pathogenic organism. The present findings support Osler's original contention that the skin lesions that bear his name are "in all of probability caused by minute emboli".

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Subdural hematoma following open-heart operations.

Six patients who died following open-heart operations were found at postmortem examination to have acute subdural hematomas. On the basis of the clinical and postmortem findings, two factors in the pathogenesis of the hemorrhage are postulated. In the presence of intraoperative heparin administration, significant hematoma formation may result from damage to the bridging dural veins from minor, inadvertent head trauma or alterations in cerebral volume from fluid shifts. Manipulation of the head in patients who have been given heparin should be undertaken with extreme care, particularly in infants. In any patient with neurological dysfunction who has also had an open-heart operation, the possibility of an expanding subdural hematoma must be considered.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1972

Surgical parotitis.

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Truncus arteriosus associated with trisomy 18.

The spectrum of cardiac anomalies in trisomy 18 typically includes septal defects and polyvalvular disease and only rarely complex malformations. We report the first case of trisomy 18 with truncus arteriosus type II.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neck extension and rotation in sudden infant death syndrome and other natural infant deaths.

It has been hypothesized that some cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are a result of neck extension and/or rotation that causes vertebral artery (VA) compression and brain stem ischemia. There is a paucity of relevant literature on this topic. Therefore, our aim was to compare neck rotation and extension in SIDS and other natural infant deaths. Cases of SIDS and other natural infant deaths within the San Diego SIDS Research Project database were analyzed retrospectively with respect to neck and body position as reported by the trained, experienced scene investigators and/or the caretakers who discovered the infants. Information was used from 246 SIDS cases and 56 cases of other natural deaths. Simultaneous neck extension and rotation was not reported in either group. When data regarding neutral/flexed/extended position and rotation of the neck were combined, no significant differences were found between the two groups (P = 0.94); 40% of the SIDS cases and 41% of the other natural death cases were found with the neck either extended or rotated (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, [reference group = neck either neutral or flexed, and not rotated], 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45, 2.11). There were also no significant differences between the groups when neck rotation and neck extension were analyzed independent of one another. Neck rotation among cases found in the prone position was common and was not significantly different between the two groups (49% of 146 SIDS cases, 58% of 24 other natural death cases, P = 0.38, OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.28, 1.62). Neck rotation among infants found in the supine position occurred one-third as often in the SIDS group (9% of 33 cases) as in the other natural death group (29% of 14 cases); however, the difference was not significant (P = 0.17; OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.05, 1.31). Although our analysis does not exclude VA compression and brain stem ischemia in some cases of SIDS, we found no evidence to affirm its importance. This study demonstrates the importance of meticulous scene descriptions, including neck position.

Female↗