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Biomedical subjects

H Ernst

Publications and source records attributed to H Ernst.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Radiotherapy of esophageal cancer -- any improvement in prognosis? (author's transl)].

Results of radiotherapy (42 MeV-Beta-tron) on 93 patients with esophageal cancer treated between 1969 and 1976 are reported and compared with those in the literature (on orthovoltage- and telecobalt-therapy). Complete remissions occured in 29%; the one -- and two-year-survival-rate for all 93 patients was 38% and 24% respectively, and for patients with complete remission 74% and 44% respectively. Although there was improvement in complete remission and short term survival compared to that reported in the literature, the five-year-survival-rate (only about 5% of patients) showed no significant improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Irradiation prophylaxis of keloids and cicatricial hypertrophies (author's transl)].

The results obtained for 100 patients by combined surgical and radiation therapy are presented and by means of exemplary cases illustrated. As sson as 24 to 48 hours after excision of the keloid by mostly atraumatic surgical technique, and closing the wound as tension-free as possible, radiation therapy is begun. This takes place under the conditions of surface therapy in single doses of 1.5 Gray two or three times per week up to a total dose of 9 to 12 Gray. Good cosmetic and functional results can be achieved with this technique. The rate of recurrences is extremely low. The radiation load to the patient is so small that it seems justifiable to recommend the combined treatment as the routine method for therapy of keloids. In cases of a known disposition for developing keloids or cicatricial hypertrophies, postoperative radiation therapy is indicated as a prophylactic measure, especially after surgery in the facial region.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The place of ultrasonic tomography in irradiation planning (author's transl)].

Therapy-planning frequently requires cross-section sketches of the body in correct scale. The use of anatomic-topographic standard cross sections can lead to considerable errors in the estimation of the actual position of the organs and yields no information on the extension of the pathological process. The kidney, the bladder and the prostate were used as examples to demonstrate the capacity of ultrasonic tomography to supply all information, including body contour, relevant to therapy planning, as long as no limits are set to the procedure, as in the thorax area. Ultrasonic tomography can supplement but not replace the radiological procedure in therapy-planning.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Prevention of postoperative thrombo-embolism by heparin/dihydroergotamine (author's transl].

Using the radiofibrinogen test and perfusion lung scanning (2-phase pharmacoscintigraphy), the incidence of postoperative thrombosis and pulmonary embolism was determined in a group of 362 operated patients. Low-dose heparin administration (twice 5000 IU daily) was given to 162, combined heparin and dihydroergotamine administration (5000 IU heparin and 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine daily) to 150, while 50 patients received no prophylactic treatment. There was a significant decrease in thrombo-embolism in the heparin/DHE group (8.7% deep-vein thrombosis; 2.7% pulmonary embolism) compared with the heparin group (19.8% and 5.5%, respectively) and the control group (30% and 14%, respectively).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Radiation response and radiation effects in salivary glands (author's transl)].

Using nuclear medical techniques, especially that of functional scintigraphy with the gamma camera after injection of 99mTc-pertechnetate, it is possible to objectify dose-dependent radiation effects on the salivary glands: Radiation doses from 500 to 1200 rd lead to a temporary reduction of the capacity to accumulate the 99mTc-pertechnetate. This functional restriction is reversible. With radiation doses of more than 2000 rd there appear irreversible functional disorders being proportional to dosage. Focal doses of about 6000 rd produce a complete loss of the capacity for 99mTc accumulation of the salivary glands. The chronological course of radiation response is characterized by a) an activation of the radionuclide accumulation following ca. 3000 rd in about three weeks, b) a following decrease of the capacity for accumulation of 99mTc, c) a renewed activation after the end of irradiation, and d)the progressive and irreversible loss of function of the salivary glands.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Preoperative irradiation in hypernephroid carcinoma].

Since 1967 we have been using preoperative radiation therapy for hypernephroma as proposed by RICHES. Radiation therapy, to include the para-aortic lymph nodes, is given in 250 rad increments 4 times weekly to a total dose of 3000 rads. After an interval of 3 weeks following the radiation therapy, we are performing the radical nephrectomy. 100 patients were treated by this method in the years 1967-1975: 32 patients were in stage I, 7 in stage II, 50 in stage III and 11 patients in stage IV. In 26 patients more than 5 years have passed since the beginning of the treatment: 46% od these survived. The survival for 3 years is 63, for 1 year after the surgery 80%. The surgical mortality rate is 2%. The object od the preoperative treatment is: 1. Devitalization of growing cells in the periphery of the tumor, thus preventing metastases and local recurrence. 2. Decreasing the size of the tumor and thereby facilitating surgery. In one-third of the cases there is radiologically demonstrable decrease in the size of the tumor mass, probably secondary to obliteration of the dilated veins in the capsule. The delay of six weeks has had no adverse effect on the outcome of the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

[Preoperative radiotherapy of bladder cancer].

Based on the observation of 58 patients with carcinoma of the bladder the effect of preoperative irradiation is reported. After application of 3500 Rad in about four weeks the examination of the surgery preparations revealed histological absence of tumor cells in one third of the cases approximately. The irradiation technique used is described and also the effects and side-effects of synchronization induced by 5-fluorouracil in a part of the group. Consequences for the therapeutic proceeding with regard to the carcinoma of the bladder are discussed.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1975

[Significance of tissue specificity for the frequency of mitosis and it's changes (author's transl)].

A 15 fold increase in the rate of mitosis was found in the lower third of the crypts of Lieberkühn in the duodenum of albino rats which had received a dose of colchicine or colchicine after a long treatment with glibenclamid compared with untreated rats. The B-cells of the islets of Langerhans of all rats in the colchicine + glibenclamid group showed however an 18 fold increase in the rate of mitosis in relation to the other two groups. The high number of cells found in the mitotic state in the duodenum of the colchicine treated rats is due to the prevention of further differentiation and hinderance of locomotion of the already high number of cells undergoing mitosis. The B-cells appear to be insensitive to colchicine, probably because they divide only occasionally and tend to remain in the same place, but they are shown to be sensitive to glibenclamid. It is concluded that the influence of external factors on the frequency of mitosis depends primarily on the particular characteristics of the tissue.

Animals↗