Pathology of a listeriosis-like disease characterized by cerebro-spinal meningitis in a newborn piglet. A case report.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Eguchi
Publications and source records attributed to H Eguchi.
[Constituents of blood fatty acids in mothers and infants during labor].
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Adult↗
[Porphyrin in the blood: interpretation of the test results].
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Adult↗
(23S)- and (23R)-25-dehydro-1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-26,23-lactone function as antagonists of vitamin D receptor-mediated genomic actions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3).
We synthesized various analogues of 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3)-26,23-lactone and examined the effects of them on HL-60 cell differentiation using the evaluation system of the genomic action of 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3). We found that (23S)- and (23R)-25-dehydro-1alpha-OH-D(3)-26,23-lactone (TEI-9647 and TEI-9648) strongly bound to the VDR, but did not induce HL-60 cell differentiation. Intriguingly, TEI-9647 and TEI-9648 did inhibit that induced by 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3), whereas they did not suppress that caused by retinoic acid or TPA. On the contrary, the similar 25-dehydrated 24-dehydro analogues, TEI-D1807 and TEI-D1808, weakly but significantly induced HL-60 cell differentiation, never showing inhibitory effect on HL-60 cell differentiation induced by 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3). In other experiments, TEI-9647 and TEI-9648 markedly suppressed 25-OH-D(3)-24-hydroxylase gene expression induced by 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3) in HL-60 cells. TEI-9647 also inhibited the heterodimer formation between VDR and RXRalpha, and the VDR interaction with co-activator SRC-1 according to the results obtained from the mammalian two-hybrid system in Saos-2 cells. Taking all these results into consideration, we reached a manifest conclusion that TEI-9647 and TEI-9648 are the specific and first antagonists of 1alpha,25-(OH)(2)D(3) action, specifically VDR-VDRE mediated genomic action.
Calcitriol↗
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in a rural area of Japan. The Funagata diabetes study.
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired sucrose tolerance (IGT) among people aged 40 and over in a rural area, Funagata, Japan, by using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and to compare the prevalence to that obtained from a more urban area, Hisayama, Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total eligible subjects for the Funagata study were 3526. Among them, 140 were confirmed to have diabetes judged by the 1985 WHO criteria. A 75-g OGTT was conducted, excluding the 140 known cases of diabetes. The 1985 WHO criteria were used to classify the current diabetes status of participants. The overall participation rate was 74.4%. The prevalence of diabetes (known and newly diagnosed cases combined) was 9.1% for men and 10.8% for women. The prevalence of IGT was 12. 0% for men and 16.5% for women. Age-adjusted prevalence (using 1990 Japanese census) of diabetes and IGT in men in Hisayama is two times higher than in Funagata (12.8% vs. 6.8% for diabetes, 19.5% vs. 10. 3% for IGT). Age-adjusted prevalence of IGT in women in Hisayama is significantly higher than in Funagata. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes among people aged 40 and over is approximately 10% even in a rural area of Japan. Prevalence of diabetes and IGT is much higher in an urban area than in a rural area in Japan.
Adult↗
Treatment of standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: the results of protocol AL841 from the Kyushu-Yamaguchi Children's Cancer Study Group in Japan.
A total of 62 patients with standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia received three-drug induction consisting of vincristine, prednisolone, and L-asparaginase (l-Asp) followed by consolidation therapy with intermediate-dose methotrexate (MTX), intrathecal MTX, and 18 Gy of cranial irradiation. Maintenance therapy consisting of 6 drugs including daunorubicin (DNR, 450 mg/m2 in total) was continued for 3 years. Patients were randomized and half of them received weekly l-Asp during maintenance therapy as a late intensification. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 61/62 (98.4%), and 11 of 61 patients relapsed. At 10 years, the event-free survival (EFS) was 80.6 +/- 5.0% and overall survival was 88.7 +/- 4.0%; median follow-up time was 9.3 years. The 10-year EFS of patients with additional l-Asp (84.8 +/- 6.2%) was superior to that without l-Asp (75.9 +/- 7.9%), although it was not statistically significant. No patients who received a full dose of DNR and maintained CR developed heart failure, although the shortening fraction decreased from 41.0% at diagnosis to 35.2% (median). The protocol AL841 provided good long-term disease control without severe late cardiac dysfunction.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
MR assessment of meniscal movement during knee flexion: correlation with the severity of cartilage abnormality in the femorotibial joint.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of meniscal movement during knee flexion on MR images and to correlate it with the severity of cartilage damage in the femorotibial joint. METHOD: Sagittal MR images were obtained at extension and 45 degrees of flexion in 35 knees. A shortening ratio in the distance between the anterior and posterior horns at 0-45 degrees of knee flexion was calculated in each meniscus and was correlated with the degree of cartilage abnormality in the femorotibial joint. RESULTS: The shortening ratio of the meniscus was reduced in knees with cartilage abnormality in the femorotibial joint. The shortening ratio of the medial meniscus was inversely correlated with the degree of cartilage abnormality in the medial femoral condyle and with that in the medial tibial plateau. CONCLUSION: Restricted shortening ratio of the meniscus may be related to cartilage damage in the femorotibial joint.
Adult↗
Multiple 'cysts' in the entire pancreas in a case of cystic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
A case of multiple 'cysts' coexisting with cystic adenocarcinoma in the pancreas is presented. The cysts were lined by epithelium consisting of either cuboidal and flat cells or mucinous cells, which formed a papillary pattern; the former cells were more frequent and the latter were considered to be hyperplasia. The pathological findings for the diffuse multiple cysts suggested cystic disease caused by ductal stenosis, while the mucinous cells may have been related to the malignant tumour.
Aged↗
Evaluation of apoptosis as a factor affecting the growth of non-polypoid colorectal adenomas.
Some colorectal adenomas show non-polypoid features endoscopically, e.g. nodule-aggregation or lateral spreading. To understand the developmental mechanism of non-polypoid adenomas better, we evaluated apoptosis indices in the upper and lower parts of 26 colorectal adenomas of non-polypoid appearance using TUNEL or single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) immunohistochemical staining. Regression analysis showed an extremely strong positive correlation between the apoptosis index (AI) values generated using each method. The AI of the lower section of lesion (4.54 +/- 1.86) was significantly higher than that of the upper part (1.21 +/- 1.47). In conclusion, ssDNA immunostaining is as useful as the TUNEL method in the evaluation of apoptosis in colorectal adenomas. It seems that vertical growth in non-polypoid adenomas is inhibited by apoptosis allowing horizontal growth to dominate and resulting in the characteristic, laterally spreading morphology.
Apoptosis↗
Clinicopathological characteristics in large, non-polypoid colorectal adenomas with granule-aggregating appearance.
Endoscopically, most large, non-polypoid colorectal adenomas have a granule-aggregating appearance, made up of elevations of small, flat lesions projecting above the surrounding mucosa. In this study we investigated the clinicopathological characteristics in 26 cases of such tumours and proposed the term 'granule-aggregating tumour' (GAT). Patients with GATs (16 men and 10 women) had a mean age of 64.3 years (range, 38-83 years). The mean diameter of the GATs was 28 mm (range, 12-62 mm). Histologically, GATs were diagnosed as tubular (15 cases) or tubulovillous (11 cases) adenomas without submucosal invasion. These tumours had a surface morphology comprised mainly of small, flat elevations or granular structures, measuring 1.2 +/- 0.3 mm in diameter. Of the 26 patients with GATs, 19 (73.1%) were asymptomatic and 11 of these 19 cases (57.9%) were detected by a faecal occult blood test. In nine of the 26 patients (34.6%) GATs were accompanied by colorectal cancers arising at other sites. GATs show typical endoscopic features, often lack symptoms and are frequently accompanied by other cancers in other organs. An awareness of the existence of GATs should assist in the screening, prevention and therapy of colorectal tumours.
Adenoma↗
Low frequency of bcl-2 expression in large non-polypoid colonic neoplasms.
Large non-polypoid colorectal adenomas that spread over the mucosa and morphologically flat lesions are included in a group called granule-aggregating tumours. These are uncommon in the West. We aimed to clarify the biological differences between granule-aggregating tumours and colorectal polypoid adenomas. We evaluated the extent of apoptotic cell loss and expression of bcl-2 and p53 oncoproteins in 26 granule-aggregating tumours and 19 polypoid adenomas. The mean apoptosis index value of granule-aggregating tumours was significantly higher than that of polypoid adenomas. Only two (7.7%) granule-aggregating tumours and 13 (68.4%) polypoid colorectal adenomas expressed bcl-2, while 12 (46.2%) granule-aggregating tumours and six (31.6%) polypoid colorectal adenomas were p53-positive. Our results show that the higher apoptosis index and frequent expression of bcl-2 oncoprotein differentiates granule-aggregating tumours from polypoid colorectal adenomas. We propose that large non-polypoid granule-aggregating tumours of the colorectum are a biologically distinct entity.
Adenoma↗
Meningeal neuroblastoma after completing therapy.
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Child, Preschool↗
An effective salvage regimen with aclarubicin for daunorubicin-resistant acute non-lymphocytic leukemia in children.
We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of aclarubicin for acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) refractory to daunorubicin in childhood. Twenty-four patients were treated with aclarubicin and prednisolone with or without 6-mercaptopurine and behenoyl-cytosine arabinoside daily for 5 to 14 days. Of 21 evaluable patients, 14 (67%) responded: 12 obtained complete remission and 2 partial remission. The median time to reach complete remission was 37 days (range, 16 to 60 days), and the median duration of complete remission was 5.5 months (range, 2 to 41 months). The cumulative dose of anthracycline administered before the study was not considered significant for the response. The only major complication was severe bone marrow suppression; infectious episodes occurred in 14 patients (58%) and three died of sepsis and/or bleeding. The observed non-hematologic toxicities included hematuria, an elevation of serum amylase, nausea/vomiting, and angitis. In addition, one patient showed abnormal cardiac function. Aclarubicin is therefore considered a highly active drug for remission reinduction of previously treated children suffering from ANLL with an acceptable toxicity.
Aclarubicin↗
Long-term results of arterial reconstruction of lower extremities determined by flow waveform analysis.
Arterial reconstructions of the lower extremities were reviewed to assess the usefulness of flow waveform analysis. Six hundred and thirty-four arterial reconstructions were divided into two groups: a former (1965-1973) group of 218 reconstructions not assessed by flow waveform analysis and a recent (1974-1985) group of 416 reconstructions analyzed according to flow waveform. The cumulative patency rates of the former and the recent group at 5 years were as follows: aorto-femoral, 75.2% and 86.7% (P less than 0.05); femoral-distal, 34.6% and 61.5% (P less than 0.001); extra-anatomical, 63.6% and 80.2% (P = 0.06), respectively. Based on the various flow waveforms evidenced intraoperatively, the cumulative patency rate of cases in the recent group with type 0 and I flow waveform was compared to the rate of those with type II flow waveform. The cumulative patency rates at 5 years were as follows: aorto-femoral, 92% and 82.7% (P = 0.15); femoral-distal, 77.7% and 49.3% (P less than 0.001); extra-anatomical, 91.8% and 68.9% (P less than 0.05), respectively. These results indicate that intraoperative flow waveform analysis is a simple and useful indicator for predicting the long-term results of arterial reconstruction.
Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
Aneurysm in a double velour knitted Dacron graft.
Double velour knitted Dacron grafts are currently used for aorto-iliac arterial reconstructions to increase encapsulation and enable rapid intimization of the grafts. Reports of an aneurysm arising in the body of a double velour knitted Dacron graft are rare. We experienced a case of aneurysm arising in the body of an innominate-abdominal aortic bypass graft four years after implantation. Microscopically, this focal aneurysm seemed to be related to a structural defect in the manufacturing process. We wish to stress that patients with implanted commercial Dacron prostheses should be carefully and regularly followed.
Adult↗