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Biomedical subjects

H Drexel

Publications and source records attributed to H Drexel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic triglyceride lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase in patients with nephrotic syndrome].

Chronic renal disease with secondary hyperlipidemia is highly atherogenic. In uremia and patients on chronic hemodialysis there is a high incidence of atherosclerotic complications whereas the incidence of atherosclerotic disease is relatively low in the nephrotic syndrome. This is surprising, as nephrosis produces type-II hyperlipidemia, which is usually highly atherogenic. In this study 10 patients (5 male, 5 female) with a newly diagnosed nephrotic syndrome were compared to 10 controls (5 male, 5 female). As laboratory parameters, lipids, lipoproteins (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL2 and HDL3 by rate zonal centrifugation) and the percentage composition of the major apolipoproteins in VLDL, HDL2 and HDL3, as well as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HTGL) and lecithin-cholesterol-acyl-transferase (LCAT) were measured. In nephrotic patients significantly higher plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, VLDL, IDL and LDL were found, whereas HDL-chol, HDL2 and HDL3 were unchanged. LPL and HTGL were both significantly impaired, whereas LCAT was distinctly increased. The percentage composition of apolipoproteins in HDL2 and HDL3 was normal. In nephrotic VLDL, apo-AI was distinctly increased at the expense of a decrease in apo-CII, and increased LCAT was explained by the relative rise of apo-AI in nephrotic VLDL. The increase in apo-AI in VLDL is discussed as a possible reason for the low atherogenic risk of secondary hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Glibenclamide in type II diabetes as compared with placebo].

60 non-insulin-dependent diabetics (type II) were controlled in our outpatient clinic from the 1st February to the 31st May 1981 for investigation of the effect of glibenclamide on blood glucose. They had been treated with glibenclamide during the preceding 12 months at least. Satisfactory control of blood glucose [1, 9] was obtained in only 22 patients (37%) although primary failure of sulphonylurea therapy had been excluded in all patients. After being changed from glibenclamide to placebo, only 19 patients (32%) exhibited a significant increase in blood glucose. Altogether only six out of all sixty patients (10%) satisfied the criteria of adequate blood glucose control under glibenclamide with a significant increase in blood glucose on substituting placebo in place of glibenclamide. It is concluded that treatment with glibenclamide is indicated only if the fasting blood glucose is under satisfactory control (less than 120 mg%) and the efficacy of glibenclamide is confirmed at least once a year by a comparison with placebo.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy. Accuracy and prognostic value].

Pregnancy can impair glucose tolerance severely enough to increase the perinatal mortality rate. In the presence of easily recognizable signs pointing to diabetes mellitus we have performed an oral glucose tolerance test. Among 634 patients who were investigated, 151 or 23.8% had impaired glucose tolerance. As there were 11,017 pregnancies in the observation period from January 1976 to May 1981, the detection rate of impaired glucose tolerance was 1.37%. The patients were treated by diet or by diet plus insulin (105 patients). The observed favourable fetal outcome justifies and promotes the proposed diagnostic procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Myoglobinemia in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction.

Close-meshed determinations of plasma myoglobin, creatine kinase, and its isoenzyme MB were carried out in nine patients admitted to the clinic less than 4 hours after the onset of symptoms in the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Myoglobin clearly appears earlier (mean 2 hours and 30 minutes) in the plasma than creatine kinase (mean 4 hours and 15 minutes) and isoenzyme MB (mean 5 hours and 30 minutes after the onset of symptoms). During the first hours of AMI plasma myoglobin shows multiple peaks in all patients. Because this pattern is observed only with myoglobin but not with creatine kinase, it appears that myoglobin mirrors the early course of the necrosis more distinctly than creatine kinase. Plasma myoglobin was also found elevated after intramuscular injections and a high voltage accident. Myoglobinuria was not detectable after myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Concentrations of the main lipoprotein density classes in disturbances of thyroid function in man (author's transl)].

The concentrations of the main lipoprotein density classes and the postheparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) were determined in the plasma of 12 hyperthyroid and eight hypothroid patients in comparison with 12 euthyroid, metabolically healthy individuals. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins2 (HDL2) were decreased in hyperthyreosis (p less than 0.01) and increased in hypothyreosis (p less than 0.01). No significant differences could be detected with respect to the concentrations of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) as well as for HDL3, whereas intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) were higher in hypothyreotics than in controls (p less than 0.05). PHLA was increased in hyperthyreosis (p less than 0.01) and decreased in hypothyreosis (p less than 0.01). The chemical composition of LDL and HDL2 as well as the apolipoprotein composition of the protein moiety of HDL2 in hyperthyreosis and in hypothyreosis did not significantly differ from those in the control group. When data from all individuals studied were analyzed, no significant relationship could be detected between the concentrations of VLDL and HDL2, whereas HDL2 and PHLA correlated in a negative manner (p less than 0.05). It is suggested that HDL2, in addition to LDL, acts as carrier protein for the cholesterol increasingly yielded in hypothyreosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Glucosuria of pregnancy: frequency of diabetes mellitus and renal glucosuria (author's transl)].

From 1974 to 1979 352 pregnant women were referred to our diabetic outpatient clinic because of glycosuria during pregnancy. In 118 women (34%) oral glucose tolerance tests revealed a pathologic glucose tolerance. In 234 pregnant women (66%) a "renal glycosuria of pregnancy" was found to be the cause for the observed glycosuria. A pathologic glucose tolerance was relatively more frequent in the 3rd trimenon, whereas renal glycosuria was observed to be more frequent in the second trimenon.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1981

[Hydrotherapy in swellings with special reference to lymphedema].

Is is to be stated in summary that the majority of positive arguments in the literature publications so far for the application of hydrotherapy in swellings there are weighty counter-arguments especially in lymphatic edema in the narrow sense. The present study (which is only preliminary because of the small number of cases) appears to indicate that these arguments are evidently not so weighty as was assumed hitherto. Even though unfortunately few clinically relevant alterations occurred with hydrotherapy alone, on the other hand, study indicates that we would have to prohibit patients with lymphatic edema from taking cold immersion baths. Hydrotherapy tends to have if anything a favorable influence on the basic psychological condition and according to the data available can be recommended as an additional measure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Kinetics of glucose handling in renal glucosuria during pregnancy.

Renal glucose titration studies were carried out in eight pregnant women with renal glucosuria and six female controls. it could be shown that the kinetics of renal glucosuria in pregnancy are very similar to familial renal glucosuria of type A. The tubular maximum of glucose reabsorption was lowered in our pregnancies to about the half. The data obtained clearly indicate that the renal threshold for glucose can be lowered significantly in humans by a still unknown endogenous factor.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Carcinoma of the kidney in hairy cell leukemia (author's transl)].

In a 59-year old man hairy cell leukemia was diagnosed by blood smear, bone marrow smear, and bone marrow cytochemistry 1 year before he died from heart failure. No cytotoxic drugs had been given. Interestingly enough, besides hairy cell leukemia, autopsy revealed a carcinoma of the kidney that had not featured any clinical symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative tracer examination about the deposition of inhaled aerosols (author's transl)].

The topical distribution of inhaled aerosols produced by customary jet nebulizers has been measured scintigraphically. Corrections for absorption and stray effects with experimentally determined factors allowed to evaluate the quantities of deposited aerosol for the head, chest and abdominal regions. Highest aerosol intakes were found with slow inhalation through the mouth. The deposition decreased at higher respiration rates with a further diminution when inhalation takes place through the nose. The individuals had characteristic patterns of aerosol distribution resulting in more pronounced deposition differences than those caused by the mode of inhalation.

Aerosols↗