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Biomedical subjects

H Djursing

Publications and source records attributed to H Djursing.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Possible altered dopaminergic modulation of pituitary function in normal-menstruating women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).

In order to assess whether a possible altered dopamine activity in normal-menstruating diabetic patients may influence the pituitary hormone secretion we have measured the basal serum concentrations of Prl, LH and FSH in 28 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 55 normal-menstruating women at day 3 to 6 of the menstrual cycle. In addition basal levels of oestradiol-17 beta, TSH, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and resin-T3 uptake (RT3U) were determined in 17 patients with IDDM and in 17 controls. The responses of FSH, LH, Prl, GH and TSH to metoclopramide (MTC) administration (10 mg iv) were studied in 17 patients and 17 controls. In 10 patients with IDDM and 8 controls the short-term variations in pituitary hormones and blood glucose concentration were evaluated. Patients with IDDM had significantly lower basal levels of Prl (P less than 0.01) and TSH (P less than 0.05) and significantly (P less than 0.05) higher basal levels of GH than normal women. No significant (P greater than 0.05) differences were found regarding basal serum concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol, T4, T3 and RT3U. During the 3 h period the mean coefficient of variation of Prl, FSH, LH and GH was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) different between diabetic patients and controls. Both groups responded significantly (P less than 0.01) in Prl and TSH to MTC but the TSH response was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in patients with IDDM. The Prl response to MTC was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) different within the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Preserved prolactin fluctuations and response to metoclopramide in ovulatory, infertile, hyperprolactinemic women.

The study included 18 infertile, hyperprolactinemic women with preserved menstrual cycles. Among 13 women with consistently elevated prolactin (PRL) levels, 6 had either anovulatory cycles or luteal insufficiency, whereas 7 had apparently normal ovulatory cycles. Comparisons of these two groups showed that basal levels were similar but the PRL response to metoclopramide (MTC) and the day-to-day fluctuations were significantly lower in the group with altered ovulatory function. In this group the PRL response to MTC was significantly greater than in control patients with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea (n = 12), but lower than in normal women (n = 10). The PRL response to MTC in hyperprolactinemic women with normal ovulatory function did not differ significantly from that of normal women, irrespective of whether hyperprolactinemia was sustained (n = 7) or intermittent (n = 5). The study indicates that the degree of autonomy of PRL secretion reflected by both the fluctuations in basal levels and the response to a dopamine antagonist, may be used to evaluate whether or not slightly elevated PRL levels are of clinical significance in relation to fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Low maternal but normal fetal prolactin levels in cigarette smoking pregnant women.

In the 36th week of pregnancy, levels of serum prolactin (PRL) (p less than 0.01) and estriol (p less than 0.05) were significantly lower in 101 consecutive women smoking 10 cigarettes or more per day, compared with a control group of 104 non-smoking pregnant women. Cord serum PRL was not related to maternal smoking habits, whereas estriol was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower in the infants of smokers, compared with the control group. The lower PRL levels in cigarette-smoking pregnant women may be due either to a direct effect of nicotine or secondary to lower estrogen levels, and the finding may be of clinical importance in relation to lactation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Gonadotropin responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone and metoclopramide in women with amenorrhea and insulin-treated diabetes mellitus.

Gonadotropin responses to GnRH and PRL responses to TRH and metoclopramide (MTC) were investigated in nine consecutive women with amenorrhea and insulin-treated diabetes mellitus. Nine normal menstruating diabetic women, 12 normal women in the early follicular phase, and nine consecutive nondiabetic women with functional amenorrhea served as controls. No significant differences were found in relation to diabetes regulation within the two diabetic groups. Amenorrheic patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly lower basal PRL levels than normal women and estradiol levels compared to the other groups. Basal plasma LH concentrations were significantly lower in women with amenorrhea and diabetes mellitus than in nondiabetics with amenorrhea, whereas plasma FSH levels were similar in all groups. The LH response to GnRH was significantly lower in amenorrheic patients with diabetes mellitus than in normal women, and a significant correlation (r = 0.81, P less than 0.01) was found between the LH response to GnRH and the basal estradiol level in these women. The FSH response to GnRH and the PRL response to TRH were similar in all groups. Amenorrheic diabetics had significantly lower PRL responses to MTC compared to other groups, and nondiabetics with amenorrhea had significantly lower PRL response than normal women. It is concluded that diabetic patients with functional amenorrhea have low basal and MTC-stimulated PRL levels, low basal LH levels, and decreased LH response to GnRH despite low estrogen levels. These hormonal changes may in part be caused by a raised central dopaminergic activity leading to a depression of pituitary ovulatory mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Clinical and hormonal characteristics in women with anovulation and insulin-treated diabetes mellitus.

Clinical characteristics and basal hormonal parameters related to ovulatory function were investigated in 22 diabetic patients with anovulation (group 1) and in nine normally menstruating diabetic patients (group 2) and 45 nondiabetic patients with anovulation (group 3). No significant differences according to control of the diabetes were demonstrated within the two diabetic groups. Groups 1 and 3 did not differ according to classification of anovulation. Group 1 had significantly (P less than 0.01) lower levels of prolactin (PRL), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), thyrotropin (TSH), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) than those of group 3, and significantly (P less than 0.01) lower levels of E2 and TSH than those of group 2. The urinary excretion of cortisol was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P less than 0.05) and group 3 (P less than 0.01). These data suggest a derangement in pituitary-gonadal feedback mechanisms or a depression of pituitary function in anovulatory diabetic patients, and we hypothesize that an increased central/peripheral dopamine and/or cortisol activity in these patients may to some extent influence the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Depressed prolactin levels in diabetic women with anovulation.

The circulating levels of prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol-17 beta were determined by radioimmunoassay in 76 normal healthy women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, 54 consecutive anovulatory non-diabetic women and 20 consecutive diabetic women with anovulation. An elevated plasma PRL concentration was found in 1/20 (5%) of the diabetic women and in 17/54 (32%) of the non-diabetic anovulatory women (p less than 0.05). Plasma concentrations of estradiol-17 beta and gonadotropins in diabetics did not differ (p greater than 0.05) from those found in non-diabetic women with anovulation. Diabetic women with secondary amenorrhea had significantly (p less than 0.05) lower plasma concentrations of PRL and estradiol-17 beta than non-diabetic women with amenorrhea and normal controls. Furthermore, this group of diabetic women had lower median plasma LH concentrations than the non-diabetics with secondary amenorrhea and normal controls, but this difference was not significant (p greater than 0.05). These data indicate that diabetic patients with anovulation have hypothalamic and/or pituitary defects. Furthermore, the low prolactin and LH levels despite a low estradiol-17 beta concentration may suggest an increased hypothalamic dopamine activity in patients with diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Short- and long-term fluctuations in plasma prolactin concentration in normal subjects.

The physiological changes in plasma prolactin concentration were studied in 447 normal subjects, including 65 men, 75 pre-menopausal women and 307 post-menopausal women. The within-day and day-to-day variation as well as the circadian and circannual rhythm of plasma prolactin levels were determined. Furthermore, the relationship between changes in prolactin and oestradiol-17 beta levels during the normal menstrual cycle and in the climacteric was studied. Pre-menopausal women had significantly (P less than 0.01) higher basal plasma prolactin concentration than men and post-menopausal women. Furthermore, they had significantly (P less than 0.01) higher day-to-day variation than men. This suggests that prolactin in women is secreted in a pulsatile fashion. Only small seasonal variations in both sexes were seen. The levels of plasma prolactin during the ovulatory and the luteal phase in the cycle were significantly (P less than 0.02) higher than that of the follicular phase, and a positive correlation between changes in plasma concentration of oestradiol-17 beta and prolactin was found. Also in post-menopausal women a relationship between plasma concentration of prolactin and oestradiol-17 beta was seen. It is concluded that the assessment on the physiological variation recorded during sleep in both sexes. However, only in women day-to-day changes and the changes related to the menstrual cycle and the climacteric are of importance.

Adult↗