Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H D Waller

Publications and source records attributed to H D Waller.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Chemotherapy of nonseminomatous testicular tumors. The results of a pilot study with reduced cis-platin dosage].

23 patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis were treated with Cis-Platinum 50 mg/m2 body surface on day 1, Vinblastine 0,4 mg/kg body weight in two doses on days 1 and 2, and Bleomycin 30 mg daily as continuous infusion (days 2-5). 7 patients were treated adjuvant after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. One of these had a relapse, he again received the same therapy and now has a complete remission. All other adjuvant treated patients are free of tumor. Of the 16 patients with large retroperitoneal and/or lung metastases, 10 (62%) had a complete remission, 2 of them after resection of persistent metastases after chemotherapy. 4 of the 10 patients with complete remission relapsed. In two patients with relapse a new complete remission could be established by the same chemotherapy. The remission rates achieved with this therapy with a relatively low dose of Cis-Platinum are similar to those obtained with higher doses of this agent. It is possible that there are more relapses, but these respond well to further treatment. Thus, the survival times of the patients treated with this protocol are similar to those reported in the literature. It is concluded that this regimen is an effective treatment in non seminomatous germ cell tumors.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1982

[Bone marrow transplantation in patients with leukemia].

Between October 1979 and March 1982, bone marrow transplantations were performed by the Tübingen Group for BMT on 19 patients with acute leukemia in remission and on one patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia in chronic phase. The conditioning regimen consisted of 2 x 60 mg cyclophosphamide/kg and 10 Gy whole-body irradiation with the linear accelerator. The lung dose was limited by shielding to 8 Gy. In 15 patients, the bone marrow cell suspension of the donor was preincubated with antihuman T-cell globulin (AHTCG) for prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). All patients showed prompt engraftment of donor cells with good hemopoietic function and complete chimerism. Under reverse isolation in sterile units, no severe bacterial or fungal infections were seen in the phase of bone marrow aplasia. Twelve in twenty patients survived between 25 and 900 days. A severe GVHD was seen only in two patients - one after preincubation with AHTCG. One patient died from relapse of his leukemia, another patient had a testicular relapse which was treated with local radiotherapy. Major problems were seen with chronic GVHD (six patients) and infectious complications, most importantly interstitial pneumonia, in the late post-transplant period.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Alcohol induced changes in hemopoiesis (author's transl)].

In a prospective trial with 120 chronic alcoholics (July, 1978 to January, 1980) on admission the following haematological values significantly different from those of the normal population were found: elevated erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (64%), increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (32%), thrombocytopenia (48%), increased percentage of bone marrow sideroblasts (35%), decreased percentage of sideroblasts (37%), megaloblastic bone marrow changes (55%) including nuclear abnormalities (32%), and vacuolization in red cell (20%) and white cell (16%) precursors. These changes were independent of liver cirrhosis with hypersplenism (increased mean corpuscular volume in 52% of the patients who did not have liver cirrhosis, increased mean corpuscular volume in 76% of the patients who were cirrhotic but not suffering from major bleeding). Platelets returned to normal values within 6 days of discontinuation of alcohol ingestion. In respect to iron metabolism we found the following changes: decreased serum iron concentration (32%), increased iron concentration (42%), increased total iron binding capacity (54%), increased ferritin (41%), decreased transferrin (20%). In contrast to data from the Anglo-American literature, serum folate concentrations were mostly normal in our patients (87%). This may be due to different eating and drinking habits. The percentage of bone marrow sideroblasts was also lower in our patients than those described in the literature mentioned above. The changes in maturation are likely to be caused partially by a toxic effect of alcohol on nuclear metabolism of bone marrow cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Combined chemotherapy and anti-oestrogen administration for metastasising breast carcinoma: randomised study comparing AVC and AVC plus tamoxifen (author's transl)].

In a randomised study two treatment schedules were compared in a total of 84 patients with metastasising carcinoma of the breast. Adriamycin (40 mg/m2 i.v.), vincristin (1 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1), and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2 p.o. on days 3--6) (AVC), and tamoxifen (20 mg twice daily) were given to 36 patients, while 48 patients (the control group) received only AVC, without anti-oestrogen. In both groups the AVC treatment cycle was repeated every 3-4 weeks. Remission rate (full or partial) of the AVCT group was 50%, that of the AVC group 54%. Median survival time among the former was 28 months, median duration of remission 18 months. Corresponding results with AVC treatment were 23 and 15 months, respectively. The better results on adding tamoxifen are statistically not significant (P greater than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma with gastrointestinal manifestations].

The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most frequent places of manifestation of an extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We have collected the dates of 27 patients--14 men and 13 women--with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The age of the patients varied widely, the 7th decade being the most represented one. The stomach was the most frequent place of manifestation. In 2 cases the lymphoma spread over the whole gastrointestinal tract. At the time of diagnosis 12 patients had already reached stage IV. The histologic examination according to the Kiel-classification showed 11 lymphomas of low malignancy and 6 lymphomas of high malignancy. The prognosis was essentially determined by the stage, less by the histologic type of the lymphoma. Finally the possibilities of therapy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Long-term survival of adults with acute leukemia [author's transl)].

Seven patients with acute leukemia, 20 to 49 years old, survived 4 years or more. Three patients are in complete remission after 9 1/2, 5 1/2, and 4 10/12 years. One patient has been in second complete remission for 20 months after the first remission lasting almost 12 years. One patient relapsed after 37 months duration of complete remission, two other patients died after 6 3/4 and 4 1/4 years survival. All patients demonstrated at the beginning of leukemia aleukemic courses, normal or slightly decreased platelet counts, small tumor masses, and were free of severe infections. Cytochemical findings, blast counts in bone marrow and peripheral blood, drug programs, and duration of induction treatments, however, were no prognostic parameters for longterm remission.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of BCNU on glutathione metabolism in human blood cells].

BCNU (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) at therapeutical doses inhibits almost completely glutathione reductase of the patients' red cells and paltelets. Red cell glutathione reduction is diminished simultaneously. These changes are fully reversible in red cells and platelets derived in the following days after application of BCNU. Clinical signs of red cell perturbation after BCNU treatment have not been demonstrated. In vitro incubation of normal red cells with BCNU produces the same changes as i.v. injection of BCNU to the patients, but no reversibility is seen.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

[Osmotic fragility in subfractions of leucocytes in hematological diseases (author's transl)].

Leucocytes of normal persons and patients with acute and chronic granulocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were separated into subfractions by centrifugation in discontinuous Ficoll density gradient. Osmotic resistance was examined in hypotonic NaCl solutions with decreasing concentration and by determining LDH activity in the supernatant. Suspensions of myelocytes, polymorphnuclear granulocytes, and lymphocytes of normal persons and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia demonstrated the same osmotic resistance. Only myeloblasts were osmotically less fragile, and tumor cells of non-Hodgkin lymphoma more fragile.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Hairy cell leukaemia: surface markers and functional capacities of the leukaemic cells analysed in eight patients.

In eight patients with hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) peripheral blood cells and in two patients also spleen cells were analysed for surface markers and functional capacities. Only cells containing the tartrate resistant isoenzyme 5 of the acid phosphatase were considered. Hairy cells (HC) of all patients were found to adhere spontaneously to glass and plastic surfaces and to spread after adherence like monocytes. They ingested latex particles of more than 1 micron diameter, but, in contrast to monocytes, did not phagocytose erythrocytes sensitized either by IgM or by IgG antibodies. HC of all patients bore Fc-receptors with a high binding affinity for aggregated IgG. Using 125 I-labelled F(ab')2-fragments of monospecific antibodies in autoradiography, only one light chain type was detected on HC of individual patients. In four patients mu- and delta-chains were simultaneously expressed on HC, whereas in two patients only gamma-chains and in one case only mu-chains were observed on HC. One patient showed a combination of gamma- and delta-chains on his HC. A great variation in density of surface immunoglobulings of HC was observed within individual patients. After removal by capping, surface immunoglobulin reappeared on HC during cell culture, but more slowly than on normal B-lymphocytes. As shown in two patients by internal labelling, HC secreted immunoglobulin light chains, but no heavy chains. On the basis of these findings the classification of HC as belonging to the B-cell lineage, rather than to the monocytic lineage, seems to be justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[(Meningeal carcinomatosis in patients with breast cancer)].

Four cases of breast cancer with meningeal involvement are presented and a review of the literature is given. Post mortem examination of patients with malignant epithelial tumors shows meningeal carcinomatosis in less than 1%. In these solid tumors breast cancer is the most common primary site. The mode of tumor spread to the leptomeninges is not yet decisively known. Clinical symptoms and findings can be divided concerning three anatomic areas: cerebral, cranial nerve and spinal root. Slow onset of clinical symptoms and findings as well as their mixed pattern is generally noticed. Characteristic findings in cerebrospinal fluid are increased protein content, hypoglycorrhachia and identification of malignant cells. Other laboratory tests are generally of no diagnostic value. In some cases myelogram shows typical alterations. The value of computerized tomography in meningeal carcinomatosis remains to be solved. The following treatment for meningeal carcinomatosis by breast cancer can be recommended: Intrathecal methotrexate 0.2 mg/kg every 3 or 4 days until improvement of symptoms and laboratory findings in cerebrospinal fluid, followed by radiation of the clinically most involved areas and maintenance therapy with intrathecal methotrexate or systemic BCNU.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[A modified MOPP regimen in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease stage III B and IV (author's transl)].

In a retrospective study 80 patients with Hodgkin's disease of stage III B (n = 32) and IV (n = 48) were investigated, who had been treated with a modified MOPP regimen. 28 patients (35%) were previously untreated. A completed remission was reached in 51 patients, a partial remission in 16, and 13 patients failed to respond. 16 patients had died in the observation period. Complete remissions were twice as frequent with 90% in stage III as compared with 45% in stage IV. The group of patients surviving 4 years was 92% in stage III and 62% in stage IV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Enzyme deficiencies of blood cells in bone marrow insufficiency (author's transl].

Numerous enzyme defects-deficiency of pyruvate kinase, phosphofructo-kinase, glocosephosphate isomerase, adenylate kinase, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase and glutathione reductase--in red blood cells have been described to be connected with dyserythropoietic or refractory anemias and panmyelopathies of different origin. These enzyme deficiencies also have been demonstrated in red cells of patients with acute leukemia. Most likely the enzyme deficiencies are acquired and are not important for the origin of anemia or bone marrow insufficiency. Partial derepression of fetal genes, qualitative and quantitative perturbations of genetic expression, and posttranslational variations of the enzyme protein by low molecular factors from plasma, erythrocytes or leukemic cells have been discussed as a reason of enzyme deficiency. The decrease of glutathione reductase deficiency is dependent of FAD deficiency.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1978

[Alcohol-related disturbances in haematopoiesis (author's transl)].

Alcohol-related disturbances are seen against the three blood cell systems. They appear after important alcohol consumption within few days and are independent from the existence of liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly. They are promptly and completely reversible after interruption of alcohol supply. Disturbances in erythropoiesis are manifested in bone marrow with megaloblasts, ring sideroblasts, and vacuoles in cytoplasma and nucleus of nucleated red cells. They are caused by folate deficiency and by perturbations of iron utilization, which is perhaps connected with impaired heme synthesis following pyridoxal phosphate deficiency. Serum iron generally increases during alcohol consumption and decreases in the following alcohol-free period. The anemia may be macrocytic and normochromic or dimorphic with hypochromic microcytes. Anemias of hard alcohol drinkers are observed also as consequence of bleeding or hemolysis of different causes. The lability against infections of drinkers is associated with changes in granulopoiesis. The most important findings are granulocytopenia, vacuoles in the immature marrow cells, perturbations in granulopoietic maturation, and decrease of marrow response. Frequently, alcohol drinkers demonstrate thrombocytopenia which is caused by ineffective thrombopoiesis and by shortened life span of platelets as direct effect of ethanol. Functional impairments of thrombocytes have been published, too.

Alcoholism↗