Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H D Taubert

Publications and source records attributed to H D Taubert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Investigations upon the mechanism of inhibition of spermatogenesis in the rat by a dimeric ethynodiol-testosterone ester.

The combination of androgens and progestogens has been shown to be a suitable male contraceptive. Previous experiments revealed that injection of a dimeric testosterone-ethynodiol ester into rats and monkeys induces azoospermia for several weeks. In order to investigate the mechanism of action, we compared the endocrine effects of a single injection of 10 mg of the dimeric ester into intact male rats with that of 6 mg of norethisterone enanthate + 6 mg of testosterone enanthate. After the injection of the dimer there was a transitory reduction of serum FSH and a strong suppression of serum LH and testosterone, of testicular testosterone and of androgen-binding protein (ABP) in the testis and epididymis for at least 8 weeks, whereas spermatogenesis was totally depressed between the 4th and 8th week. Contrary to this, the enanthates caused only a slight suppression of spermatogenesis, although serum LH, testicular testosterone and ABP were profoundly reduced. The only conspicuous difference in the endocrine pattern of both groups during the first 4 weeks was in the serum testosterone level which remained normal in the rats treated with the enanthates. The results suggest that testicular testosterone and ABP concentrations are of minor significance for an intact spermatogenesis, and that some other factors produced by Sertoli cells might be involved and possibly maintained by normal serum testosterone levels.

Androgen-Binding Protein↗
PubMed1987

Spontaneous recovery of ectopic pregnancy: a preliminary report.

Twelve patients with silent (occult) ectopic pregnancy were clinically managed by a non-surgical conservative approach. The laparoscopic findings in 4 patients were not conclusive enough to justify laparotomy, and there was only minimal clinical symptomatology. The serum hCG level in these cases did not exceed 2000 IU/l and no typical rise was found. Serum hCG was measured serially under careful clinical observation until it reached non-pregnant levels over a period of 20-45 days. Tubal patency could be demonstrated 6 months later in 2 patients who desired to become pregnant.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Double-stimulation with LH-RH in primary amenorrhea caused by chronic internal hydrocephylus: a case study.

A 19-year-old female patient with primary amenorrhea and pubertas tarda due to chronic internal hydrocephalus presented with normal hormonal findings except for low estradiol and a prepubertal type of reaction in the double-stimulation test with LH-RH. After successful operative treatment with a Spitz-Holter high-pressure valve, the intracranial decompression was promptly followed by pubertal development, she began to menstruate, and the LH-RH double-stimulation test showed an adult pattern of response. The results of the test support the view that a partial deficiency in the secretion of LH-RH is the cause of hypogonadism in such a case.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Direct radioimmunoassay of free testosterone in the evaluation of androgenetic manifestations in women.

The determination or calculation of the non-protein bound fraction of testosterone in serum had been suggested to be superior to the measurement of total testosterone levels in the evaluation of women with clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. We therefore compared the serum concentrations of free testosterone, as determined directly by radioimmunoassay, with the levels of various serum parameters in 317 women with hirsutism or acne. Total testosterone was elevated in 33%, free testosterone in 59%, and DHEA-S in 65% of the patients. Among the women with high levels of free testosterone, 24% showed serum concentrations both of total testosterone and SHBG within the normal range, indicating that the calculation of the testosterone:SHBG ratio (free androgen index) would be of limited value for androgen diagnostics. Serum free testosterone correlated positively with total testosterone and negatively with SHBG. No significant correlation was found between DHEA-S and free or total testosterone, and between total testosterone and SHBG. The stimulation of the adrenal cortex by ACTH resulted only in a significant rise in 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone levels. During the dexamethasone suppression test there was a significant suppression of the serum concentrations of total and free testosterone, DHEA-S, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, while SHBG did not change. In several of the women with normal testosterone levels, free testosterone decreased by more than 50%, although the suppression of total testosterone was only slight. This was possibly due to the suppression of adrenal androgens which may compete with testosterone for the binding sites of SHBG. The direct measurement of free testosterone appears to be a valuable approach to the evaluation of women with androgenetic manifestations.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1986

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in a triplet pregnancy with 2 papyraceous fetuses.

Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) was found to rise to exceedingly high levels in a case of triplet pregnancy after two fetuses died in the 21st week of gestation. The surviving infant was born in the 36th week accompanied by the two fetus papyracei. By the time the process of mummification of the two dead fetuses appeared to be complete on ultrasound, the maternal AFP level had returned to the normal range for singleton pregnancies. HCG, hPL, and estriol and the coagulation profile remained within the normal range throughout the pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Sterilization reversal with additional use of fibrin glue (Beriplast). Preliminary report].

This is a report on the first use of a fibrin adhesive in microsurgical refertilisation. During the period between 4.4. 1984 and 11.11. 1985 a total number of 17 women were operated on with the additional use of this fibrin adhesive. In the first group, operated on between 4.4. 1984 and 14.11. 1984, three pregnancies have occurred so far. On 6.4. 1985 the first patient of this group gave birth to a boy weighing 3050 gr. To our knowledge this is the first delivery world-wide that was effected with the additional use of fibrin adhesive. Laparoscopy of tube function of a further patient in this group who had not become pregnant after 12 months revealed normal anatomical conditions in the region of the refertilised tube as well as perfect patency. Two cases of intrauterine pregnancy are known in another group of 6 women operated on between 13.2. 1985 and 15.5. 1985. In five patients the follow-up period is less than 4 months, and hence these have been excluded from evaluation. No ectopic pregnancies are known so far. We believe we can sum up as follows in respect of preliminary results: Additional use of fibrin adhesive in the refertilisation of fallopian tubes will not result in enhanced risk of renewed closure. It will be possible to develop suture-free techniques of anastomosis after appropriate development. Operation times get shorter by using fibrin adhesive and the stress exercised on the patient by anaesthesia is reduced. There does not seem to be any enhanced risk of ectopic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A randomized crossover comparison of two low-dose contraceptives: effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins.

The effect of a triphasic combination of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel upon various lipoprotein parameters was compared to that of a preparation that contained ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel on days 6, 11, 21, and 28 of a control cycle, the third cycle of treatment with either ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel or ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (11 volunteers each), the third cycle of a 3-month washout period, and the third treatment cycle after crossover change of the preparations. Significant increases were found in total triglycerides (15% to 20%) and phospholipids (8%) with both preparations, whereas total cholesterol and lipoprotein Lp(a) were not altered. High-density lipoprotein triglycerides (50% to 60%) and high-density lipoprotein-3 cholesterol (10% to 15%) were elevated by both contraceptives, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol only by ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (11%), whereas high-density lipoprotein phospholipids, high-density lipoprotein-2 phospholipids, high-density lipoprotein-3 phospholipids, and high-density lipoprotein-2 cholesterol were not influenced. Both ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel increased apolipoproteins A (14%), A-I (20% to 30%), and A-II (25% to 35%) significantly. Very low-density lipoprotein triglycerides were elevated (30%) only by ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel, and low-density lipoprotein phospholipids (20%) by both ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel, whereas the other parameters, very low-density lipoprotein phospholipids, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B, were not significantly changed. Provided that the assumption is correct that high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B and low high-density lipoprotein subfractions and apolipoprotein A are associated with an elevated risk of atherosclerosis, the results seem to represent beneficial rather than deleterious side effects of the low-dose oral contraceptives.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A randomized cross-over comparison of two low-dose oral contraceptives upon hormonal and metabolic parameters: I. Effects upon sexual hormone levels.

The effect of a low-dose triphasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EE/NG) upon serum levels of endogenous sexual hormones was compared to that of a preparation containing EE and desogestrel (EE/DG). Blood samples were taken on Day 6, 11, 21, and 28 of a control cycle and of the third cycle of treatment with either the EE/NG or EE/DG preparation (11 volunteers each). After a washout period of 3 months, the contraceptives were changed in a cross-over fashion. Blood samples were again taken on Day 6, 11, 21, and 28 of the third washout cycle and the third treatment cycle. There was no significant suppression of serum LH and FSH during treatment with EE/NG and EE/DG except on Day 21, while estradiol levels were significantly lowered. Similar to the gonadotropin concentrations, the estrogen levels showed great individual variations; although they were depressed in the majority of the women, there was a considerable stimulation of follicular activity in 36% of the women under EE/NG and 18% under EE/DG. Both EE/NG and EE/DG suppressed significantly serum progesterone, testosterone, and DHEA-S, while prolactin was unaffected. In three cases an escape ovulation seemed to have occurred, but no pregnancy was observed. The spottings (8/22 women) and breakthrough bleedings (6/22 women) did not correlate with the serum levels of estradiol. The results indicate that the suppression of gonadotropin secretion during treatment with low-dose OC is a time-dependent process which in some women may be at or below the threshold of safe ovulation inhibition.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A randomized cross-over comparison of two low-dose oral contraceptives upon hormonal and metabolic serum parameters: II. Effects upon thyroid function, gastrin, STH, and glucose tolerance.

The effect of a low-dose triphasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (EE/NG) upon thyroid function and some other biochemical serum parameters was compared to that of a preparation containing EE and desogestrel (EE/DG). Blood samples were taken on Day 6, 11, 21, and 28 of a control cycle and of the third cycle of treatment with either the EE/NG or EE/DG preparation (11 volunteers each). After a washout period of 3 months, the contraceptives were changed in a cross-over fashion. Blood samples were again taken on Day 6, 11, 21, and 28 of the third washout cycle and the third treatment cycle. There was a significant increase (13%) in basal glucose level during treatment with both OC, but no change in glucose tolerance. Both the EE/NG and FE/DG preparation elevated serum T4 (40%), FT4 (15-22%), T3 (17-28%), and TBG (20%) significant, whereby the effect was more pronounced during the second treatment period after washing-out. The effective thyroxine ratio (ETR) was slightly (4%) but significantly increased. Contrary to this, the levels of FT3, reverse T3 (rT3), TSH, and gastrin were not altered. STH showed great individual fluctuations, but was significantly elevated by 50% during treatment with both OC. There was no effect of endogenous estradiol upon thyroid or other parameter, even though it was raised considerably in some women under OC. Although the increase in T4 and T3 is probably due to a rise in estrogen-induced TBG production, the data seem to indicate that there is a slight but effective stimulation of thyroid function during treatment with low-dose OC.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inverse ratio of hCG in peritoneal fluid to that in serum in normal and tubal pregnancies.

The ratio of hCG in peritoneal fluid (PF) to that in serum (S) was studied in 60 patients with normal pregnancies (5th-15th wk of gestation = control group) and in 12 tubal pregnancies, 7 tubal abortions (5th-10th wk of amenorrhea) and one case of an early interstitial pregnancy (8th wk). The PF level in the control group was in every patient lower than in S independent of the gestational age. The ratio PF to S ranged from 0.24 to 0.87 (mean +/- S.E.: 0.51 +/- 0.02). In contrast to this, the patients with tubal pregnancy and tubal abortion showed in each case higher PF levels than in S. The ratio in the group with tubal pregnancy ranged from 1.1 to 374 (54 +/- 30) and in the group with tubal abortion from 1.2 to 162 (33 +/- 23). The difference in the ratio between the control group and both tubal pregnancy and tubal abortion was highly significant (P less than 0.001). The ratio of PF to S in the patient with interstitial pregnancy (0.73) did not differ from the control group. At the time of investigation, the S levels in all but 2 patients with ectopic pregnancy were below the range for normal pregnancy of the same gestational age. These findings indicate that the hCG ratio of PF to S may be dependent on the location of the gestational product.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

[AFP and HbF determination in maternal blood as a parameter of fetomaternal microtransfusion in interventions of the pregnant uterus].

The applicability of AFP assay (radioimmunologic) and of erythrocytes containing Hb-F (Kleihauer et al. 1957) in maternal blood as a means of detecting fetomaternal microtransfusion was examined in 57 cases of abruptio and 65 women in whom genetically indicated amniocentesis was performed. There was a significant increase in AFP postoperatively in 40% of the abruptiones; after amniocenteses such behavior was far less pronounced (18.5%). The count of cells containing Hb-F in maternal blood smears revealed no significant increase in any of the cases examined. A correlation on the basis of these examination results is therefore unlikely. However, an evaluation of them demands that the assay methods used for AFP and Hb-F cells and, above all, their physiology, be taken into account. The diaplacental passage rates of the two substances are probably different, and under certain conditions they may also be produced by the maternal organism to a varying extent. It could be concluded from this that even though the AFP assay involves a simpler method and is more sensitive, neither parameter can replace the other, and therefore neither can be made the basis for a decision against anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

Dose- and time-dependent effects of a dimeric ethynodiol-testosterone depot-preparation in female rat.

The time- and dose-dependent effects of a dimeric ethynodiol-testosterone ester upon intact and hemi-castrated female rats were compared to those of equivalent doses of norethisterone enanthate plus testosterone enanthate. In intact rats, serum LH was markedly suppressed for at least 8 weeks after a single i.m. injection of 10 or 20 mg of the dimer which exceeded the depot-effect of the combination of the enanthates. A biphasic time-and dose-dependent effect of the dimeric ester upon ovarian and uterine weight was observed. During first 2 weeks following the injection there was a pronounced enlargement of corpora lutea and a marked enhancement of progesterone secretion, probably due to a direct stimulation by the androgens. At the same time, the uteri were markedly enlarged. During the following weeks, the ovaries became progressively smaller and showed degenerative changes, the steroid levels decreased and the uteri became atrophic. When hemi-castrated rats were injected once with 1 and 5 mg of the dimer, LH became suppressed, and the compensatory hypertrophy of the ovary was inhibited. At higher doses, the weight of the ovary and uterus was increased, and the luteal function was stimulated. The results indicate that, even though the gonadotropins are suppressed, there is possibly a direct stimulatory effect of high doses of the intact dimeric molecule upon the uterus, while the stimulation of the corpus luteum function is due to an interference of the transiently elevated testosterone level with ovarian steroid biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pseudohypergonadotropinemia and pseudohyperprolactinemia induced by heterophilic antibodies?

The serum of 20 apparently hypergonadotropic and/or hyperprolactinemic patients (14 females, 6 males, ages 13-75 years) without evidence of neoplasia or pituitary adenomas was found to contain a large amount of molecular material (MW ca. 100,000) resulting in factitiously elevated levels of peptide hormones when measured by double-antibody radioimmunoassay with a long second incubation time. The interference by this material with the test system could be avoided by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) for the separation of free from bound antigen, or by preincubation of the samples with normal rabbit serum. No definite disease process can as yet be linked to these findings. They rather seem to be caused by the presence of heterophilic antibodies in serum, as the serum of approximately one half of the patients was found to give a positive Paul-Bunnell test. Moreover, the beta hCG activity in the urine of these patients was low, probably as a result of the low clearance of substances with igh MW. It is therefore suggested to apply to following diagnostic measures before clinical consequences are being considered in a case of hypergonadotropinemia and/or hyperprolactinemia without pertinent clinical findings: (1) validation of the immunoassay, (2) preincubation of the samples with serum from other species, (3) the use of another separation procedure than the double-antibody method, and (4) measurement of the respective hormone in urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Time- and dose-dependent alterations of basal and LH-RH-stimulated LH-release during treatment with various hormonal contraceptives.

The dose- and time-dependent effect of treatment with estrogen and progestogens on serum LH before and 15 min. after the i.v. injection of 150 ng LH-RH was investigated in intact female rats. The animals were injected s.c. daily with ethinyl estradiol (EE), levonorgestrel (NG), desogestrel (DG), norethisterone (NET), chlormadinone acetate (CMA) or cyproterone acetate (CPA) alone or in various combinations, and LH was measured after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of treatment and 2 weeks after termination of the injections. The treatment with low- and high-dosed combined preparations caused a marked decrease of basal LH levels which was not reversed 2 weeks after discontinuation. The combination of 30 and 50 micrograms EE with 125 or 250 micrograms NG was more effective in depressing LH-RH-induced LH release than that with 125 or 250 micrograms DG which were, however, reversible in all cases. The increase in the estrogen dose intensified the suppressive effect to a greater extent than the doubling of the progestogen dose. The suppression of the LH-RH-stimulated LH release occurred in a time-dependent manner; there was, however, a transitory amplification after 1 week when 50 micrograms EE/125 micrograms DG were tested. The high-dosed combinations of 50 micrograms EE with 500 micrograms NG, 2 mg NET, 2 mg CMA or 2 mg CPA brought about a very strong blockade of both basal and LH-RH-induced LH secretion which persisted 2 weeks after termination of treatment. The results indicate that even minor alterations in the doses of the estrogen and progestogen components of combined oral contraceptives (OC) may lead to considerable differences in the functional stage of the gonadotrophs which also depend on the duration of treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Aberrant beta-hCG.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

Contraception with an LHRH agonist: effect on gonadotrophin and steroid secretion patterns.

Chronic treatment with the LHRH agonist D-Ser(TBU)6-LHRH (1-9)-EA (buserelin) has been suggested as a contraceptive method since it has been shown to inhibit ovulation. To elucidate the mechanism of this paradoxical action, we investigated the pattern of gonadotrophin and steroid secretion after the daily intranasal application of 300 micrograms of the agonist. Ten volunteers with ovulatory cycles received the analogue from Day 1 to Day 22 and 5 mg norethisterone acetate from Day 16 to Day 22. Blood samples were taken on Day 1, 15, and 21 every 15 min for 6 h after the application of the agonist. LH secretion was increased nine-fold on the first treatment day as compared to Day 2 of the preceding control cycle. Thereafter, it decreased slowly but was still elevated five-fold on Day 21 of treatment. FSH release increased three-fold on Day 1 but decreased thereafter to values similar to those of the controls. During treatment with the analogue, the LH/FSH ratio changed from 1.3 (controls) to 3.8 on Day 1 and to 5.5 on Day 15 and 21 of treatment. Although the ovary retained follicular activity, ovulation was inhibited in every treatment cycle. This seemed to be due to an impairment of follicular steroid synthesis as indicated by a significant increase of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone levels for several hours after the application of the analogue. It appears that at least during the first treatment cycle of daily administration of buserelin the abolishment of pulsatile gonadotrophin release, and the abnormally increased ratio of LH/FSH secretion may possibly impair follicular maturation and thus contribute to the inhibition of ovulation.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗