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Biomedical subjects

H Chigasaki

Publications and source records attributed to H Chigasaki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Polyol content of cerebrospinal fluid in brain-tumor patients.

In order to investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polyols are consumed by brain tissue, the concentration of seven polyols in the CSF and the serum of 30 patients with intracranial tumor and 17 control individuals was measured by gas chromatography. The mean polyol content in the control samples showed that the fructose, inositol, and glucitol levels were significantly greater in CSF than in serum. A comparison of the lumbar CSF from control subjects and 11 patients with malignant tumors exposed to the CSF showed the fructose and inositol levels to be significantly lower (54% and 45%, respectively) and the glucose content to be slightly higher (110%) in the tumor cases. These differences were markedly greater in the ventricular than in the lumbar CSF and greater in patients with tumors exposed to the CSF space than in those with tumors buried in the brain tissue. In ventricular CSF obtained from seven patients with malignant brain tumors before and after radio- and/or chemotherapy, significant increases in fructose (34%) and glucitol (48%) levels were found, but the other polyols did not change significantly. In culture, the human glioblastoma cell growth rate was higher in the medium containing fructose and glucose than in that containing glucose alone. A notable amount of fructose and glucose was consumed by cultured glioblastoma cells. The roles of polyols contained in CSF and the effects of fructose on the growth of cultured glioblastoma cells are discussed in light of these findings and of previous reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of glycerol on local cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral blood flow of hypoxic rats].

Effects of a continuous infusion of glycerol on the hypoxic rat were assessed by measurements of local cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral blood flow using the quantitative autoradiographic 1-[C-14]-2-deoxyglucose and [C-14]-iodoantipyrine techniques, respectively. Local cerebral glucose utilization of the hypoxic rat was decreased in most of cerebral structures except for the amygdala, septal nucleus and the white matter. Local cerebral glucose utilization of the hypoxic rat treated with glycerol was recovered to the pattern of normal control, although glucose utilization of the nucleus raphe and locus ceruleus was accelerated. Cerebral blood flow of the hypoxic rat was elevated in almost of all measured structures. In particular, blood flow in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus was increased significantly. The pattern of local cerebral blood flow of the hypoxic rat treated with glycerol was more analogous to that of normal control than of hypoxic rat without treatment. It is suggested that glycerol has beneficial effects by elevating local cerebral glucose utilization inhibited and decreasing local cerebral blood flow overshot on the hypoxic condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Single photon emission computed tomography of brain tumors with 201TIC1.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 201TIC1 was performed in 27 patients with brain tumors. Findings on SPECT were compared with those on planar images, computed tomography (CT) and, in 4 cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At SPECT the tumors were shown as areas with higher accumulation of the tracers than the surrounding brain tissue in 24 cases and a better discrimination was obtained than in planar images. Deep-seated lesions were especially visualized. In some cases SPECT defined lesions that were not clearly delineated on CT or MRI. SPECT with 201TlCl can be of clinical use in the diagnosis of brain tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Radiological diagnosis of the lateral ventricle tumor (author's transl)].

The radiological characteristics of intraventricular tumors were studied with special reference to differential diagnosis from paraventricular tumors by careful analysis of seven cases intraventricular tumors and five cases paraventricular tumors. As, in the radiological term, intraventricular tumors have been dividied into two groups according to their location by Bernasconi et al., seven cases intraventricular tumors reported in this paper were also divided into two groups; 1) 2 cases ependymom occupying the frontal horn and the body of lateral ventricle, 2) 4 cases meningioma and one plexus papilloma occupying the trigone and the adjucent regions. In case of tumors belonged to group 1, the filling defect showing the circumference of tumors and the associated unilateral hydrocephalus were characteristic findings on the ventriculogram, while the depression of ventricular wall was observed in paraventricular tumors. Angiographic characteristics in group 1 tumors were the splay of subependymal veins of the medial group from those of lateral group and the increased density of deep veins due to raised circulation, and these findings demonstrated in all cases of ependymoma reported here. On the other hand, in all meningiomas belonged to group 2, the hypertrophia of choridal arteries was noticed in the angiogram. Moreover, the anterior choroidal artery was shown to be divided into two branches at its plexal segments, and the tumor stain at the trigone always lied between these two branches. We named this dissociation of these two plexal branches due to tumor as "flare sing". This is considered to be specific finding for a trigone meningioma, and this "flare sing" was observed in all of our 4 cases meningioma. In two cases out of four, the inferior ventricular vein was displaced anteriorly delineating the anterior margin of the tumor. This again is considered as a sign indicating the tumor occupying the trigone and adjacent regions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the fibrinolytic system in ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Part 1. Monitoring of the antifibrinolytic therapy through repeated measurement of SK-euglobulin lysis time and FDP (author's transl)].

Streptokinase euglobulin lysis time (SK-ELK), fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and fibrinogen in the blood were determined to know the proper dosage of t-AMCHA which would not cause the ischemic complications yet suffice to prevent the rebleeding of ruptured intracranial aneurysm. SK-ELT was almost doubled(130 sec) by the administration of 6-8g/day of t-AMCHA within 24-48h in normal control. On the other hand, SK-ELT in SAH patients fluctuated tremendously during ten days after the first bleeding. FDP took a high value soon after the first bleeding in grade IV and V patients. Increase in FDP was also observed following rebleeding in one case, following severe vasospasm, and following progressive neurological deterioration, and the increase in FDP was concentrated 4-10 days after SAH. Fibrinogen showed a tendency to increase gradually after the administration of t-AMCHA, and this increase of fibrinogen would be one of the alarming signs of the development of ischemic complications. From these results, it was suggested that the dosis of t-AMCHA should be determined precisely according to the result of repeated monitoring, and the dosis should be as such that it could constantly keep SK-ELT at 130-150 sec.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical manifestation of muco- and pyocele of the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses (author's transl)].

We, neurosurgeons, frequently encounter patients whose chief compiants are visual disturbance, disorder of the ocular movement, trigeminal neuralgia and/or panhypopituitarism wich have been called as superior orbital fissure syndrome or orbital apex syndrome. Among these, there might be considerably high incidence of mucocele or pyocele of posterior ethmoid sinuses. We have experienced 12 cases of mucocele in past 5 years, which were confirmed by operation. The most reliable method to diagnose mucocele or pyocele at this moment is by the radiogical procedures, and among all, tomogram of the skull is essential. This procedure not only clearly demonstrates the existence of mucocele in a certain sinus but also provides us informations about the surrounding bony stracture. Diagnosis becomes more definite if the epipharyngography demonstrates no filling of postive contrast medium into suspected paranasal sinuses. Treatment of choice for this disease is firstly drainage of mucocele or pyocele by transnasal approach, to avoid postoperative meningitis or brain abscess, and secondarily dissection of the arachnoidal adhesion around the optic chiasm by intracranial approach if it is necessary. Recently, we perform the drainage of mucocel and peeling off of affected mucosa via transnasal route using microsurgical technique. Results are all satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[An attempt of electrothrombosis of carotid-cavernous fistula (author's transl)].

The patient was 50 year-old female who was admitted to our department on June 13, 1973 complaining of left conjunctival injection and ipsilateral exophthalmos. Visual acuity of her right eye had been lost almost completely due to the previous ocular injury. Ophthalmological examination revealed left conjunctival injection, slight ipsilateral proptosis but pulsation of eye ball, chemosis and bruit were not so obvious. She had a visual acuity of 1.2 on her left eye. Left intraocular pressure was 30 mmHg while right was normal. Left CAG revealed a left carotid-cavernous fistula with anterior, posterior, inferior venous drainage. Temporal craniotomy was done and copper needles were inserted into the posterior part of Parkinson's triangle. An angiogram after operation demonstrated the persistency of the anterior and posterior venous drainage. 6 weeks later, electrothrombosis of left superior ophthalmic vein was carried out. After that, carotid-cavernous fistula disappeared perfectly. Important points of the surgical technique are; 1) to apply a silverclip to the tentorial edge just posterior to the third nerve, than anatomical realtionship of internal carotid artery, cavernous sinus and the clip applied are carefully investigated on the subsequent angiograms. 2) to repeat angiography several titate of embolization of cavernous sinus should often be checked.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗