Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Chabrol

Publications and source records attributed to H Chabrol.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The TRH test in 60 depressed adolescents].

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothyronine (T3) responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were compared in sixty depressed adolescents and sixty normal controls. A significant difference was found for baseline and peak values of T3 and TSH levels. There was no correlation between TSH blunting and DSM III categories of depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of cerebral blood flow by the xenon-133 method in 10 schizophrenic adolescents].

Regional cerebral blood flow (r CBF) was compared in ten adolescents with hebephrenia who were never treated with neuroleptics and ten normal controls using the Xenon 133 inhalation method. There were no differences in mean hemispheric blood flow. The main difference was the loss of the "hyperfrontal pattern" in the schizophrenics: the prefrontal values were only 0.7% greater than the blood flow in the rest of the hemisphere, compared with 14.6% in the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral blood flow in 20 depressed adolescents].

Regional cerebral blood flow was compared in twenty depressed adolescents and ten normal controls using the Xenon 133 inhalation method. There were no differences in mean hemispheric blood flow. The main difference was the loss of the "hyperfrontal distribution" in the depressed adolescents: the prefrontal values were only 5.4% greater than the blood flow in the rest of the hemisphere, compared with 13.5% in the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Father-child hospitalization in the separation anxiety].

Severe forms of separation anxiety disorder with school refusal can be difficult to treat: on the one hand the resistance to outpatient treatment is usual, on the other hand, fear of separation is so overwhelming that hospitalization can be seen as too dramatic. We suggest hospitalizing the child with his or her father as fear of separation with the mother is usually the main problem. We report a case study of a 13 year old child with separation anxiety disorder who refused to go to school and to be separated from his mother. Treatment consisted of hospitalizing the child with his father and to gradually restore his autonomy. The father was given the role of a co-therapist: the main therapeutic decisions about graduated exposure to separation were taken after discussion with the father who passed them on to the child. These structuring interventions re-established the father's control which helped to sedate the child's anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Capgras syndrome in adolescence: a review apropos of one case].

The author report a case of Capgras' syndrome in a 12-years-old girl, who had been hospitalized for attacks of abdominal pain. These symptoms had gone on for two years and led twice to surgical interventions which did not find any organic etiology. Interviews with the girl showed that the abdominal pains were related to symptoms of typical panic attacks which lasted about 20 minutes. In some on them, she experienced multiple autoscopy and the "illusion des sosies", described by Capgras. Long-term evolution showed that Capgras' syndrome disappeared with improvement of the panic attacks, but ten years later the patient is still suffering from generalized anxiety. To our knowledge, no case, even in adult patients, was previously described in the context of panic attacks. Furthermore, Capgras' syndrome is particularly rare at adolescence. Our review of literature exhibits only 19 cases under 18. Diagnosis was available in 16 cases, and consisted of schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis in 62.5% of the cases. The others involved acute psychosis (2 cases), post-partum psychosis (1 case), drug-induced-psychosis (1 case), psychotic major depression (1 case), and post-varicella encephalitis (1 case). The doubles (out of the 15 cases where relevant detail is available) included at least a parent in 92.9% of patients, a brother or sister in 35.7%, a member of the medical team in 21.4% and a grand-parent in 14.3%.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychopharmacology of autism].

Results of recent studies in pharmacotherapy in autism are presented. Haloperidol, fenfluramine and naltrexone have been the most extensively studied drugs in systematic research. Haloperidol appeared to decrease levels of hyperactivity, stereotypies, emotional lability but also abnormal object relations and social withdrawal. However, the therapeutic effect was generally modest and long term administration was associated with dyskinesias in autistic children. The frequent hyperserotonemia in autism has suggested the use of fenfluramine, an antiserotoninergic agent. Although the initial reports were optimistic, more recent carefully designed studies often failed to show that fenfluramine was superior to placebo. Naltrexone, a potent opiate antagonist, was explored following the opioid hypothesis based on the similarity between autistic symptomatology and abnormal behaviors observed in opiate addicts and in laboratory animals administered opiates and on the abnormalities of endogenous opioids that exit in a subgroup of autistic children. However, the current studies do not concur and no definite conclusions can be made of the efficacy of naltrexone at present time. Low doses of amisulpride which have been shown to improve negative symptoms in schizophrenia and serotoninergic antidepressants, which have proven effective in repetitive and ritualized behaviors, have recently began to be evaluated in controlled studies. At present time, no medication has shown to alter the course or the symptoms of autism, but some seem to be effective in reducing severe aberrant behaviors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acquired aphasia in a child with epilepsy (Landau-Kleffner syndrome). Comments apropos of a case with 1-year follow-up].

Authors report a case of Landau-Kleffner syndrome in a 6 year old boy. Landau-Kleffner syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the combination of acquired aphasia and epileptic abnormalities like diffuse spikes-and-waves in sleep EEG. Seizures are associated in 50 to 80% of cases and generally disappear at puberty. Behavior disorder ranges from minor psychomotor disturbances to psychotic-like features. Onset appears at an age between 3 to 7 years. The relationship between aphasia and epilepsy remains unclear, even if language improvement frequently follows EEG improvement. The hypothesis of an underlying encephalitis could explain the whole syndrome but is not yet validated. Therapy should associate antiepileptic drugs, corticosteroid treatment and speech therapy, but no controlled study is available to confirm this protocol. Aphasia recovery is generally incomplete. The evolution of behavior disorder is not well documented. In the reported case, one year after onset, sleep EEG again became normal, behavior disturbances had disappeared, but spoken language was still absent.

Cerebral Cortex↗