Bone histomorphometry in recombinant human erythropoietin-treated patients on chronic haemodialysis.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H C Schober.
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Disturbances of the bone metabolism are only rarely observed in hyperthyroidism. The description of the case demonstrates clinical signs of osteopathy, connections with the duration of the disease and the possibility to be able to treat on the basis of a fundamental diagnosis.
During long-term hemodialysis therapy a loss of bone substance--an osteopenia--may occur. The diagnosis is possible by bone biopsy. We have analyzed the bone metabolism-associated serochemical parameters in patients suffering from osteopenia in comparison with patients with normal bone volume. 21 patients were analyzed: 14 females, 7 males, duration of dialysis 44 +/- 29.9 months, age 47.3 +/- 12.5 years. The serum values of calcium, anorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, pH and c-terminal parathormone are determined. The histological bone examination according to the Delling classification did show following distribution: Type I--0, type II--10, type III--10 (without renal osteopenia--1). A quarter of the patients did show a reduction of the bone mass. The parathormone value was significantly reduced in these patients in comparison with patients without osteopenia. No significant changes could observed in the comparison of alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, anorganic phosphate and pH value. Our results show that in patients with osteopenia the serum parathormone level is reduced relatively.
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On the basis of the results found in literature a survey is given of the state of the peptide-chemical research from the point of view of the clinic. The functional mechanisms of the peptide hormones are explained, their effect as hormone and neurotransmitter is demonstrated. Particularly emphasized are the integrative tasks of the peptide hormones, which thus as another regulation principle of the organism are to be put by the side of the nervous and hormonal regulation. By the demonstration of the most frequent endocrine tumour syndromes with formation of adequate hormones the clinical importance of these substances is dealt with. The infrequency of these diseases is emphasized by the small number of own observations. It is referred to the growing importance of the peptide hormones in the diagnostics and therapy of internal and surgical diseases.
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The effect of lithium (0.55 g lithium carbonate per kg dry food), administered in rats for a period of 6 weeks, upon body composition (fat, protein, water) was studied. In lithium treated rats, which are after lithium treatment overweight or underweight, the percentual body fat decreases significantly in comparison to untreated rats. The percentual protein content is unchanged. The percentual water content is statistically increased in underweight lithium treated animals.
Male Wistar rats were used to study by in vitro experiments the influence of lithium (0.55 g lithium carbonate per kg of dry food for 8 weeks) on the activity of plasma deiodase of liver for thyroxine. Lithium treatment caused a statistically significant decrease of thyroxine deiodination.