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Biomedical subjects

H C Nahser

Publications and source records attributed to H C Nahser.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Local thrombolytic therapy for thromboembolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.

We report on 10 patients with thromboembolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) who underwent local thrombolytic therapy. Six patients developed a MCA occlusion during long-standing interventional neuroradiological procedures, while four had a proven or suspected cardio-embolic stroke. Streptokinase or urokinase was applied by a microcatheter placed into the thrombus within six hours of clinical onset. Complete or partial revascularization was achieved in all patients. Recovery was complete in seven and partial in three of the patients. In two patients, minor haemorrhagic transformation of the infarct occurred, which did not lead to neurological deterioration. It is concluded that in a selected group of patients with MCA occlusion, local thrombolytic therapy represents a safe and effective therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Familial glioma: occurrence within the "familial cancer syndrome" and systemic malformations.

The family pedigree across eight generations is presented with an association of osteochondrodysplasia, other skeletal abnormalities, familial glial tumours in a father and his son, colonic and other adenomatous disease, and pigment changes. This family cluster of diseases is considered to be a dysontogenetic process with blastomatous features and grouped within the phakomastoses. A review of the literature indicates that some "familial gliomas" show additional malformations, thus resembling phakomatoses. Others are found to be members within a "familial cancer syndrome". A trait of "hereditary glioma" apart from these syndromes is difficult to identify, especially if only sibships are considered which are likely to share common environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Optic nerve trauma: clinical, electrophysiological and histological remarks.

18 patients with post-traumatic visual disease of the optic nerve are presented. In the post-traumatic stage, visual evoked potentials were monitored. In amaurosis there was a high incidence of midface or frontobasal fractures. The severity of the trauma is not correlated with the severity of visual deficits. Flash evoked potential (FEP) findings were different: In most cases there was a correlation of clinical and FEP findings. In some we found false positive potentials in the acute stage. In smaller visual field deficits the alterations of FEP could not be correlated with the clinical disorders. FEP alterations depended on time. The pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed in regard to the pathological findings in 51 unselected autopsies with an investigation of the visual pathway from the intraorbital optic nerve to the visual cortex. Because of the different morphological alterations the clinical, neurological and ophthalmological examination should be followed by standard CT scanning to evaluate intracranial haematomas and by CT scanning with thin slices of the optic nerves and the soft tissue of the orbit. Visual evoked potentials (VEP) and in the unconscious patient, flash evoked potentials (FEP) do not give much more security for therapeutic decisions in comparison with former times. The histological findings do not support the hypothesis that operative decompression is successful.

Accidents↗
PubMed1986

Coincidence of multiple sclerosis and glioma. Clinical and radiological remarks on two cases.

The clinical course and computed tomographic findings in two patients suffering from multiple sclerosis and coincidental gliomatous brain tumor are presented. Both diagnoses were proven by surgical biopsy; autopsy findings of one case are reported as well. Our results demonstrate that a differentiation of both diseases is not possible by computed tomography or by clinical data alone. Surgical biopsy to establish the diagnosis is indicated during the course of suspected multiple sclerosis when computed tomographic alterations and clinical signs of a space-occupying lesion last for some weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Radiation exposure in high resolution computed tomography of the spine.

From all the available radiodiagnostic procedures for diagnosing spinal disorders (conventional tomography, myelography, CT), high-resolution, thin-slice computer tomography presents the highest radiation exposure as represented by the somatic dose index. It allows, however, the retrospective computer reformatting of axial slices into secondary slices of any projection desired. To obtain this extra information with conventional tomography would require further exposures in the desired projections and/or thinner slices. But there is a great amount of important diagnostic information that plays a decisive role in the choice of the form of therapy and the preoperative planning of surgical which cannot be obtained by conventional radiological procedures.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1983

CT imaging in lumbar disc disease. The value of multiplanar reconstructions.

A CT/T 8800 (General Electric) CT scanner was used to study lumbar disc disease in fifty patients. In seven patients so-called computed tomography metrizamide myelography was performed, whereas in the remaining cases no contrast enhancement was used. Multiplanar reconstructions were done. Irradiation exposure was measured during the investigations and compared with data during conventional myelography. We found that lumbar CT scanning is not a screening method in cases of lumbar disease, but the aimed use gives further information about the underlying process and its differential diagnosis. Multidirectional reconstructions reduce the number of diagnostic errors. This procedure does not increase the radiation exposure dose in comparison with conventional myelography.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The value of metrizamide CT cisternography in the diagnosis of CSF fistulae.

Post-traumatic CSF fistulae and those affiliated with tumours on the skull base have so far been investigated by isotope cisternography, fluoresceine tests and polytomography. 12 patients have recently been studied by metrizamide CT cisternography. In acute post-traumatic cases difficulties arise in the differentiation between blood clots and the stream of contrast medium. The method was found to be useful in delayed CSF fistulae and tumour-associated cases.

Brain↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomographic imaging in cervical vertebral fractures.

Spinal computed tomography scanning was performed in five patients with different types of cervical fractures. Computed tomography scanning was superior to plain x-ray studies in determining the narrowing of the spinal canal by bone fragments or soft tissues and in determining the involvement of the intervertebral joints. The value of computed tomography was clearly demonstrated in scanning those regions that are difficult to be examined by conventional radiologic methods. A disadvantage of computed tomography scanning is the impossibility of functional diagnostic investigations and examinations after surgery of patients who underwent stabilization with plates and wires.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Value of blink reflex studies in neurosurgical problems].

Blinking reflex studies were done in neurosurgical patients with processes in the posterior fossa and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Alterations were found in space occupying, ischemic, and traumatic lesions of the trigemino-facial system. The analysis of the components of the blinking reflex can give hints to the site of the lesion and also to the prognosis of the underlying process.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Craniocerebral injuries in childhood].

Causes of head injury in childhood depend on age. In contrast to the adults there are differences in pathophysiological mechanisms and in the site of lesions. Brain stem disorders are more frequent, superficial brain damage is less frequent than in children. Multiple lesions of the limbic system are as well important as those ones of the mesencephalon. Most of the cases of apallic syndromes in childhood can be due to these lesions.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Computer tomographic evaluation of cervical astrocytoma.

The case of a 35-year-old woman with a cystic astrocytoma of the cervical spinal cord is presented. The use of CT investigations is stressed. The value of reformatting procedures in regard to the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Diffuse and multicentric brain tumors -- correlation of histological, clinical and CT appearance.

In 14 cases of diffuse astrocytoma, glioblastoma and cerebral lymphoma CT was compared to the gross anatomy and their histology at corresponding levels. Diffuse spread of tumor even in areas of considerable increase of cellular density are not recognizable in CT including application of contrast medium. Circumscribed and frequently multiple foci inside of diffuse areas of gliomatosis may have necrosis and extensive vascular changes including haemorrhage. These foci alone are demonstrable by pathological changes in CT and may suggest multiple metastatic growth or vascular lesions. True unconnected multiple lesions in gliomas are rare as can be demonstrated by intensive histological investigations but occur in cerebral lymphomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Multiple meningiomas. Clinical and computer tomographic observations.

The same histological types of tumor are found in multiple as in solitary meningiomas. Multiple meningiomas cannot be considered in every case to be a forme fruste of von Recklinghausen's disease. The incidence of multiple meningiomas in this paper is higher than had been reported before the introduction of computer tomography (CT) into clinical practice. The number of tumor nodes is determined more accurately by CT than by angiography because tumors are detected in patients without neurological deficit. CT has limitations in the verification of small meningioma nodules near the base of the skull and in the differentiation of multiple meningiomas from meningeal meningiomatosis or primary meningeal sarcomatosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnosis and follow-up studies by computed tomography in hemorrhage of germinal matrix of newborns (author's transl)].

The possibilities of computed tomography in diagnosis and follow-up of cerebral hemorrhage in newborn are demonstrated. The type of bleeding is classified into periventricular, peri- and intraventricular; peri-, intraventricular and intracerebral hemorrhage and in combination with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Among our cases highly affected are children with asphyxia, pathological course of pregnancy and preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1500 g. Special attention is taken to complications such as hydrocephalus shown by follow-up studies.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of patients undergoing extra-intracranial arterial bypass surgery based on CT-scanning and neurophysiological studies.

In order to evaluate short-term effects of extra-intracranial arterial bypass procedure (EIAB) on cerebral function, we performed neurophysiological studies, combined with CT-evaluation, on 17 patients undergoing EIAB, pre- and postoperatively. CT helps to define, on a morphological basis, the extent of ischemic brain damage, and is, in some cases, a valuable tool in preoperatively assessing chances for a recovery. EEG shows, 2 weeks after surgery, in 50% of the patients after completed stroke, worsening of ischemic lesions as a result of reduced intraoperative cerebral perfusion and/or temporary occlusion of the recipient cortical vessel.

Adult↗