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Biomedical subjects

H C Liu

Publications and source records attributed to H C Liu.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hepatocellular carcinoma coexisted with second malignancy--a study of 13 cases from a consecutive 440 autopsy cases of HCC.

In a consecutive 440 autopsy cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 13 patients (2.95%) were found to have a second primary malignant tumor. All of the patients were male. The age ranged from 40 to 69 years old. (mean: 56.5) Peak incidence occurred in the seventh decade. The associated neoplasms included 4 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma, 2 cases of thyroid cancer, 2 cases of retroperitoneal sarcomas, 1 case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 1 case of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of common bile duct adenocarcinoma, 1 case of renal cell carcinoma, and 1 case of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The organ most commonly involved was large bowel (4 cases). Epithelial origin neoplasms comprised the vast majority (84.6%). Of the 13 cases, 2 associated malignancies existed metachronously, 4 and 5 years before HCC. The others were found at the same time as HCC. The clinical and pathological observations included age, sex, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), cirrhosis, gross and histologic appearance. The above presentations were similar in cases with and without second malignancy. We failed to find any factor that was possibly related to the etiology of the second neoplasm. Much more such cases are needed for further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental hip dysplasia in the rabbit].

Neglected cases of congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) always present with profoundly interesting X rays and pathoanatomical changes. Because of progressive dysplastic change, it is difficult to determine clinically at what stage a patient can not have reconstructive surgery. We used an animal model to induce hip dysplasia in order to understand the mechanism of dislocation and to demonstrate the dysplastic changes at various ages of dislocation. We used a plastic tube to immobilize the left knee of one week old New Zealand white rabbits in the extension position. Fifty-five rabbits in a natural history group were examined physically, radiographically and pathologically every month, until five months old. Ten rabbits were also studied by computed tomography before sacrifice. Forty-two rabbits which had been immobilized for more than 2 months were selected to determine the changes in their left hips. Tenotomy of the hamstrings of the left knee was performed in another 20 rabbits, which were then immobilized in the same way until 2 months old. The changes in their left hips were also determined and compared with the changes of former group. In our study, immobilization of the left knee of rabbits can induce dislocation, subluxation or no change. Tenotomy of the hamstrings can decrease the incidence of dislocation and subluxation, but cannot avoid their occurrence. In long-term observation of rabbits with dislocation and subluxation, we found that there are more dysplastic and degenerative changes in older rabbits. Computed tomography proved to be an effective evaluation tool of the size of dysplastic acetabulum and femoral head.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in leukemia].

Six cases of acute leukemia patients were treated with APHSCT and the clinical results were satisfactory. The preparatory marrow ablative chemoradiotherapy regimen before APHSCT was same as that for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). The number of mononuclear cells infused to restore the hematopoietic function ranged from 1.65 to 2.92 x 10(8)/kg and these cells yielded 0.17 to 2.26 x 10(4)/kg CFU-GM. The hematopoietic and immunological function of patients returned to normal level 25 to 38 days after APHSCT; the recovery was faster than that of ABMT and FLT. One patient each died of recurrence of leukemia and fungi septicemia 90 and 70 days after transplantation respectively, whereas the other four patients have survived for 9, 8, 4, and 2 months respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Plexogenic pulmonary vascular lesions in primary pulmonary arteriopathy--report of two autopsy cases.

Pulmonary hypertension is caused largely by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and is most frequently secondary to chronic pulmonary obstructive or interstitial diseases, recurrent pulmonary emboli, or antecedent heart diseases. Primary pulmonary hypertension (plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy) is a rare disease and diagnosed only when the underlying causing factors are undetermined. Two autopsy cases of primary pulmonary hypertension, first documented at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, are reported. They showed apparent pulmonary vascular changes including medial hypertrophy, intimal proliferation and fibrosis and plexiform lesions of the muscular pulmonary arteries. The plexiform lesion has been considered to be characteristic in the histopathological diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension when there are no other associated diseases, such as cirrhosis of liver, pre- or post- tricuspid congenital cardiac shunts and portal vein thrombosis. The pathogenesis of the plexiform lesion is obscure. In the present report, we shall emphasize pathological changes of the "plexiform lesions" and discuss their pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the epididymis--report of a case.

A papillary cystadenocarcinoma of epididymis with right paraureteral metastases in a 27-year-old man is presented. It was a 14x13x8 cm cystic mass in the right testicular adnexa which had been noted for more than 10 years. From its prolonged clinical course and the morphological findings, this tumor was thought to be a malignant transformation from previously benign lesion--papillary cystadenoma. Review of the literature disclosed that it is a very rare malignancy arising from the testicular adnexa.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Identification of megakaryocytic cells by Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin I (UEA 1) in B5 fixed, decalcified, paraffin-embedded specimens.

To determine the utility of Ulex Europaeous Agglutinin I (UEA 1) as a marker for megakaryocytes, bone marrow from one hundred cases with various diseases studied using an immunoperoxidase method on the B5 fixed, decalcified and paraffin-embedded specimen. Our results indicated that large typical megakaryocytes and small megakaryocytes (micromegakaryocytes) were intensively stained by UEA 1 in diffuse, marginal, focal and hypo-granular patterns. Compared with factor VIII-related antigen, UEA 1 was more sensitive as a marker in identification of megakaryocytes. It provided an effective tool to observe the morphologic appearance of megakaryocytic lineage on B5 fixed, decalcified, paraffin-embedded specimen. The facility to identify the small atypical megakaryocytes as well as the different staining patterns would be helpful in the diagnosis of megakaryocytic disorders.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

Calcification in oligodendroglioma.

Forty-four previously diagnosed surgical biopsy specimens of oligodendroglioma with calcification from the file of Veterans General Hospital-Taipei between 1977-1985 form the base of this study. Thirty-two patients (72.8%) had varied degree of calcification deposits in tumor parenchyma related to blood vessels while 12 patients (27.2%) in tumor parenchyma unrelated to blood vessels. Ten patients (22.7%) disclosed calcification at the vicinity of tumor tissue. Histochemical studies of the calcified deposits revealed no trace minerals other than calcium and iron. Electron microscopic examination of the calculi showed membrane-bound vesicles and radially precipitated crystals that simulated hydroxyapatite of psammoma body in meningioma. There was no statistically significant correlation between the demise or recurrence of patients and the calcification of tumor when Chi-squared test was applied.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Breast cystosarcoma phyllodes. A clinicopathologic study of twenty-seven cases].

Twenty-seven cases of cystosarcoma phyllodes (CSP) diagnosed at the Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, were reviewed. Of the twenty-seven cases, seventy per cent were benign, thirty per cent were malignant. One of the malignant cases was transformed from benign one. Of the benign CSPs, one had multifocal lesions and eight were associated with other breast lumps, including fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease. The mean age of patients with benign CSP was 33 years old, and with malignant CSP, 52 years old. The most frequent location was in upper outer quadrant. We found no positive correlation between tumor size, clinical symptoms, tumor epithelial carcinoembryonic antigen, hypervascularity, mixed mesenchymal components, and benign or malignant CSP. Estrogen and/or progesterone receptors were positive in five benign CSPs detected, but malignant CSP was negative. Variable degrees of epithelial hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and apocrine metaplasia, were found in both benign and malignant CSPs. Part of the epithelial component in CSP may be derived from normal breast lobule and duct being trapped into the tumor during tumor infiltration. The mesenchymal differentiation in malignant CSPs include fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma, and collision of chondrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. One of the malignant CSPs was found within an old, calcified fibroadenoma. When benign CSP was excised under impression of fibroadenoma, the recurrent rate was 50%. In view of this, we recommend a wide excision for a benign CSP. No axillary lymph node metastasis was detected in malignant CSP, so radical mastectomy was not indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Gonadotropin stimulation protocols in the Norfolk IVF program--1988.

A standard FSH/hMG stimulation protocol applied to all patients does not yield optimum results. In the Norfolk program it has been found that the determination of FSH/LH ratio on day 3 of the menstrual cycle provides a predictive signal of the likelihood of a good or bad response to a standard protocol. If the FSH is high in relation to LH, the patient will likely be a low responder and/or approaching the menopause. A regime of high-dose pure FSH seems to improve the number of eggs in this group and therefore the pregnancy rate. On the other hand, if the FSH/LH ratio is very low, that is, the patient has a high LH, the patient is generally a high responder and produces many eggs, but in some instances the quality of eggs is suspect, and the pregnancy rate is low in a particular subset of high responders. The use of GnRHa and/or minimal stimulation with FSH or hMG seems to improve the pregnancy rate.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Value of suppression with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist prior to gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization.

This study examined the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) suppression before gonadotropin stimulation in 26 patients with failed prior in vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts and variable basal serum gonadotropin levels. Leuprolide, 1 mg subcutaneously per day, was administered from the midluteal phase of the cycle before IVF treatment. Concomitantly, stimulation was initiated on cycle day 3 with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Based on their prior IVF attempts and serum gonadotropin levels on cycle day 3, 9 patients were high responders with elevated mean basal luteinizing hormone (LH)/FSH, 8 were low responders with elevated mean basal FSH/LH, 7 were intermediate responders with normal mean basal FSH/LH and a history of premature LH surge, and 2 had elevated (perimenopausal) mean FSH and LH. Leuprolide was discontinued on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Prior IVF attempts in the same patients with the same protocol, but without GnRHa suppression, were used as controls. The mean number of ampules of hMG and FSH was significantly higher in leuprolide cycles than in controls. The mean day of hCG administration was also higher for leuprolide cycles than for controls. The mean LH and progesterone levels on the day of hCG were significantly lower in leuprolide cycles. The mean number of preovulatory oocytes aspirated and transferred was higher in leuprolide cycles. Cancellation and pregnancy rates were improved in leuprolide cycles. It is concluded that prior GnRHa suppression is beneficial for follicular recruitment for IVF. More patients with variable basal serum gonadotropin levels need to be studied before definite recommendations are made.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1989

Estradiol and progesterone replacement regimens for the induction of endometrial receptivity.

Initiation of pregnancy in premature ovarian failure patients by use of donated oocytes fertilized in vitro requires establishment of a normal endometrial environment. We compared administration of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) by polysiloxane vaginal rings versus oral micronized E2 and P vaginal suppositories in 10 such patients. Serum E2 levels were similar between groups and similar to normally-cycling controls. With vaginal administration of E2, a burst effect was noted, with marked elevation 1 hour after insertion. The pattern with oral administration was more consistent, although marked conversion to estrone occurred. The P cylinder and suppositories delivered similar levels, with diminution of P in some patients with the cylinder. Despite apparent limitations, endometrial histology was normal after each cycle; both groups achieved pregnancies. Administration of E2 and P by polysiloxane vaginal rings achieved hormonal levels similar to oral micronized E2 and P vaginal suppositories. Endometrial biopsies after the stimulated cycle were appropriately mature.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

Serum follicle-stimulating hormone inhibition is a marker for preovulatory oocytes in in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 64 cycles stimulated with human menopausal gonadotrophin and/or pure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and oestrogen (E2) levels. The increase in serum E2 on the day of HCG administration did not correlate (r = 0.05) with the number of preovulatory oocytes (preovs) or with an increase or decrease in serum FSH (r = 0.31). However, the change in serum FSH showed a significant correlation with the number of preovs (r = -0.95, P = 0.013). The probability of obtaining two or more preovs was relatively greater (1.47x) than that of other IVF patients, when there was a drop in FSH of 5% on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1989

Steroid hormone receptors in meningiomas of Chinese patients.

Meningioma is a hormone-related intracranial tumor. Brain tumor samples were collected from 32 Chinese patients, 20 of whom had meningiomas. Estrogen receptors were present in 6 of 17 meningiomas, 1 hemangioblastoma, 1 gemistocytic astrocytoma, and 1 neurilemoma. Of the 26 samples assayed for progesterone receptors, measurable bindings were found in 14 of 17 meningiomas, 1 of 2 astrocytomas, 1 malignant lymphoma, 1 hemangioblastoma, 1 ganglioglioma, 1 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 anaplastic ependymoma, 1 small cell sarcoma, and 1 neurilemoma. Androgen receptors were found in 8 of 19 meningiomas, but not in the 11 other brain tumors examined. Measurable glucocorticoid receptors were found in 15 of 19 meningiomas, 1 malignant lymphoma, 1 hemangioblastoma, 2 craniopharyngiomas, 1 neurilemoma, 1 of 2 glioblastomas, and 1 of 2 astrocytomas. Of the 10 samples examined for tyrosine aminotransferase activity, measurable enzyme activity was found in 7 of the 8 meningiomas, but not in the single hemangioblastoma nor in the single craniopharyngioma. In accordance with other published studies, the results from this study also suggest that the growth of meningiomas may be regulated by hormones, and that the role steroid hormones and their receptors play in the meningioma is worthy of further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A serological survey of Legionnaires' disease in domestic fowls and animals in Chengdu area].

A serological survey of antibodies against Legionella pneumophila (Lp) serotypes in Chengdu area by microagglutination test showed that there were high levels of antibodies against serotypes Lp1 and Lp6 in healthy domestic fowls and animals (rabbits, pigs, chickens, ducks and geese). In rabbits, antibodies against serotypes Lp1-Lp6 were determined, showing positive rates (titer greater than or equal to 1:16) ranging 6.3-23.8%. Among them only the serotype Lp3 did not show any positive one. The highest positive rate was observed in pigs' anti-Lp6 (89.8%), significantly higher than those reported in America, Denmark and Nanjing, China. The results suggested that recessive infections of Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium might occur in domestic fowls and animals. So the epidemiological surveillance of Legionnaires' disease in animals, as well as in environment (water and soil) is of importance for the prevention in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of monoamines in the cerebrospinal fluid of Chinese patients with neurological diseases.

Levels of dopamine (DA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (HIAA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT), 5-hydroxytryptophan (HTP), and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) of twenty-four Chinese with or without neurological diseases were determined simultaneously. The level of HIAA in the CSF of myelopathy-spondylosis patients and the level of DA in CSF of the myelopathy-tumor patients were higher than that of the control. No difference in levels of monoamines and their metabolites was observed between the control and patients with dementia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The fibromatoses. A clinicopathological study of 66 cases].

Clinical and pathological analysis of 66 cases of fibromatoses are presented. The age range in our series was 1 to 72 years. Superficial fibromatoses occurred predominantly in older patients with a peak incidence in the fifties while deep fibromatoses occurred predominantly in younger patients with a peak incidence in the twenties. Male to female ratio was 1.4 to 1. The abdominal fibromatosis occurred in female while our palmar fibromatosis occurred in male. There were 17 cases (26%) of multiple fibromatoses which occurred most frequently on both palms and had a tendency to symmetric distribution. The latent period between the two fibromatoses in a patient ranged from 1 year to 36 years. Clinical presentations included a palpable nodule or mass; flexure contracture of finger; penile hypertrophy, contracture, or discomfort on erection; and soreness, tenderness, or paresthesia over the tumor. Hydronephrosis may be complicated by intraabdominal fibromatosis. Size of the tumors ranged from 0.5 cm. To 30.0 cm. Three cases were associated with diabetes mellitus, 2 with alcoholics, 1 with liver cirrhosis, 2 with pulmonary tuberculosis, and 3 with hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and mammary papillary carcinoma, respectively. Nine cases (14%) were associated with variable types of trauma, including being hurt by a stick, intramuscular injection in the gluteal region, tying penile shaft with a plastic band, breast massage and hot applying, and operation on abdomen. The superficial fibromatoses seldom recurred after excisional biopsy or fasciectomy while the deep fibromatoses often recurred. The recurrent rate of the deep fibromatoses was 21%. Malignant transformation or spontaneous regression was not found.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Medullomyoblastoma: a case report.

Medullomyoblastoma is a rare childhood tumor of the central nervous system and there have been only seventeen cases reported in the English literature. A case of medullomyoblastoma arising from the cerebellar vermis was reported. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse leptomeningeal dissemination and supratentorial metastasis. In addition to classical histologic examination, the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features were studied. Besides skeletal muscle differentiation, neither neuronal nor astrocytic differentiation were identified. The myoblastic element was confirmed by the demonstration of thick and thin myofilaments and Z bands on electron microscopy and by positive immunostaining for myoglobin.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗