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Biomedical subjects

H C Liang

Publications and source records attributed to H C Liang.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of lower concentrations of lidocaine to suppress bucking before extubation during recovery of general anesthesia.

Thirty females, aged 25-50 years old, scheduled for abdominal total hysterectomy were randomly divided to two groups. For patients in group I, 2 mL 1% lidocaine solution was injected through the catheter on the tube to desensitize the trachea while surgeon started to close the peritoneum. In group II, 2 mL 2% lidocaine was used. The peak cuff pressures generated in the awakening group I patients were 49.0 +/- 2.5 cmH2 O (mean +/- SD) which shows greater than that in group II (27.9 +/- 7.2 cmH2 O), p less than 0.01. Bucking before awakening was also evaluated clinically. One hundred % (15/15) in group I patients bucked compared with 13.3% (2/15) in group II patients (p less than 0.01). Gag reflex was preserved in all patients and none suffered from aspiration postoperatively. Intratracheal administration of two mL 2% lidocaine through the catheter of modified endotracheal tube showed significant effect for suppressing bucking during recovery of general anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The management of juxtahepatic venous injuries without an atriocaval shunt: preliminary clinical observations.

Juxtahepatic venous injuries are usually fatal. The optimal method of dealing with these injuries remains controversial, but most experience has been with the insertion of an atriocaval shunt. However, the mortality rate with atriocaval shunting remains prohibitively high (60% to 100%). The experience at the Bellevue Hospital Trauma and Shock Unit during a 9-year period revealed a 50% mortality rate in four consecutive patients who underwent atriocaval shunting. As such, a different approach was used in the following five patients, all of whom survived. One additional patient died in the operating room before any definitive repair could be undertaken. Four steps are considered essential to the successful management of these patients: (1) compression of the injury site until adequate resuscitation has been achieved; (2) early recognition that a juxtahepatic venous injury exists, as indicated by failure of the Pringle maneuver to adequately arrest hemorrhage; (3) prolonged portal triad occlusion with hepatocyte protection by means of large doses of steroids and topical hypothermia (portal triad occlusion time in the nonshunted group ranged from 20 to 64 minutes with a mean occlusion time of 46 minutes; although a transient rise in liver function test results seemed to correlate with the length of ischemia time, neither hepatic dysfunction nor hepatic necrosis occurred; and (4) extensive finger fracture of the liver to the site of vascular injury for primary repair or ligation; the extent of the finger fracture varied from 15 to 30 cm in length and from 5 to 15 cm in depth. The successful results achieved in five consecutive patients who sustained juxtahepatic venous injuries treated without a shunt serve as a basis for recommending this operative approach.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1985

Beneficial role of a nonpathogenic orbi-like virus: studies on the interfering effect of M14 virus in mice and mosquitoes infected with Japanese encephalitis virus.

M14 virus, isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes collected in a Beijing suburb, was identified as a noncytopathogenic orbi-like virus. It was found to interfere with the growth of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus, a mosquito-borne virus which infects humans, pigs, and horses in much of Asia, including China. JE virus is transmitted by C. tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes and causes encephalitis in humans and horses and abortion in pigs. Because it had potential as an interfering agent for the biological control of JE, the M14 virus was characterized and its interfering effect was studied in mice and in C. tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Radiculomyelitis following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.

The clinical manifestations and natural history of radiculomyelitis following a newly reported disease--acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC)--have been studied in 33 patients in Taiwan, and the following observations made: All the patients in this series were adults at ages ranging from 21 to 55 years; the salient initial neurological manifestations were radicular pains and acute flaccid paralysis which developed from five to thirty-seven days after the onset of AHC. In some patients, signs and symptoms indicating involvement of the meninges, cranial nerves and the white matter of the cord were observed; motor paralysis was the most striking feature during the whole clinical course; it consisted of flaccid asymmetrical weakness in one or more limbs, usually being more severe in the lower limbs than in the upper, and often more proximal than distal. Atrophy in the severely affected muscles usually became apparent in the second or third week of the weakness; the prognosis regarding the return of function in the affected muscles was dependent on the severity of the involvement. Permanent incapacitation due to paralysis and muscular atrophy in the affected proximal muscles of lower limbs was the main sequel in severe cases. The pattern and prognosis of flaccid motor paralysis were reminiscent of acute poliomyelitis in which the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord are mainly involved. Pleocytosis ranging from 11 to 270 per mm3 was noted in the majority of the patients when the cerebrospinal fluid was examined within the first three weeks from the onset of neurological symptoms; the total protein level was raised invariably from the second week onwards in all specimens, and remained so throughout the subsequent course as long as the seventh week or later. Tissue culture neutralization tests were performed on the sera from 9 patients; significant rises in the antibody titres (greater than or equal to 1:16) to AHC virus antigens were found in 8 cases, and in 2 of them a fourfold rise in the paired sera was noted. The differentiation of this syndrome from poliomyelitis and from Guillain-Barré syndrome, the relative freedom of children from neurological complications of AHC and the aetiological relationship of AHC virus to the syndrome have been discussed. It is concluded that this unusual neurological syndrome is caused by the neurovirulent properties of the AHC virus.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of opioid receptors in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves of guinea-pig atria.

The opioid receptor subtypes of autonomic nerves of guinea-pig atria were elucidated by monitoring the effects of selective opioid receptor agonists on the negative and positive inotropic responses associated with the stimulation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, respectively. The positive inotropic effect, evoked by electrical field stimulation (2 Hz) was strongly reduced by the selective OP2-opioid receptor agonists U-50488 and U-69593, but partly by the OP3-opioid receptor agonist morphine. This effect of U-50488 and U-69593 were reversed by the selective OP2-opioid receptor antagonist nor-BNI. The effect of morphine was partly reversed by naloxone, whereas OP1-opioid receptor agonists, BW373 U86 and DPDPE, were ineffective. On the other hand, the negative inotropic response to electrical field stimulation was not affected by opioid receptor agonists. These results suggest that the noradrenaline release from cardiac sympathetic nerves of guinea-pig could be modulated, mainly by the OP2-opioid receptor, however, the acetylcholine release from cardiac parasympathetic nerves is not modulated by opioid receptors.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of self-reported illnesses in elderly Hispanic and non-Hispanic Whites in New Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: To report on the prevalences of self-reported illnesses from the New Mexico Elder Health Survey. DESIGN: Randomized community-based cross-sectional survey of elderly (> or = 65 years of age) Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. METHOD: Analysis of data from the 883 participants in the New Mexico Elder Health Survey. RESULTS: Complete data on 848 subjects were available for this analysis: Hispanic males, 212; Hispanic females, 189; non-Hispanic White males, 236; non-Hispanic White females, 211. The mean age was 74 years (age range 65-98). Hispanics had fewer years of school and lower income. Hispanics reported a significantly (P<.05) higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes; leg ulcers/pressure sores; and Parkinson's Disease. Non-Hispanic Whites reported a significantly (P<.05) higher prevalence of asthma; circulatory problems; stomach (not ulcers), intestinal or gallbladder disease; urinary tract disorders (other than kidney disease); and cancer. Prevalence odds ratios and confidence intervals were calculated. Hispanic males reported a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (OR 1.88, CI 1.10-3.26, P = .02), and lower prevalences of asthma (OR 0.43, CI 0.18-0.93, P = .04); urinary tract disorders, other than kidney disease (OR 0.59, CI 0.38-0.91, P = .01); and cancer (OR 0.31, CI 0.13-0.68, P = .005). Hispanic females reported a higher prevalence of diabetes (OR 3.01, CI 1.48-6.50, P = .003), and a lower prevalence of glaucoma (OR 0.48, CI 0.22-1.00, P = .05). These differences remained significant after adjustment for age, education, income, and language. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the prevalences of self-reported illnesses between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White elderly.

Aged↗