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Biomedical subjects

H C Korting

Publications and source records attributed to H C Korting.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of tetracycline and erythromycin in 35 recent Munich isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis].

Thirty-five recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis were subcultured and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing with tetracycline and erythromycin. Detection of typical chlamydial inclusion bodies and elementary bodies was based on the use of fluorescence-labelled monoclonal antibodies. Minimum inhibitory concentration being defined as the lowest concentration suppressing all inclusion body formation and minimum bactericidal concentration as the lowest concentration preventing all detectable chlamydial growth, both these parameters were studied. With tetracycline the minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 0.08 microgram/ml, with erythromycin from 0.04 to 0.2 microgram/ml. The corresponding data for the minimum bactericidal concentrations were less than 0.2 to 1.0 and 0.2 to 2.0 respectively. Thus, at present, there still seems to be no major resistance problem with genital Chlamydia trachomatis isolates in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1988

[Multiple BCG-induced ulcers after subcutaneous vaccination in the framework of immunochemotherapy in malignant melanoma].

Immunochemotherapy combining dacarbazine with BCG is a possible therapeutic method for the adjuvant treatment of malignant melanomas. The routes of application of BCG, however, vary. As the case of a 61-year-old female shows, subcutaneous injection can lead to severe ulcerations, which respond to tuberculostatic therapy. Therefore scarifications seems to be preferable.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1987

Cefodizime in serum and skin blister fluid after single intravenous and intramuscular doses in healthy volunteers.

In gonorrhea therapy, cephalosporins are conventionally administered by intramuscular (i.m.) injection, which rather frequently leads to local side effects. To investigate whether the well-tolerated intravenous (i.v.) injection of cephalosporins may be of comparable gonocidal effect, levels of cefodizime, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, in serum and tissue fluid (suction blister and cantharides blister fluid) were determined in six healthy men. Single doses of 1 g of cefodizime were injected i.v. and i.m. according to a randomized crossover design. On i.m. injection the drug was completely bioavailable, and the peak concentration in serum was 75 +/- 8 micrograms/ml. The terminal half-life of serum levels was 2.4 h. Cefodizime concentrations in the blister fluids increased for 1.5 to 3 h after the i.v. dose and for at least 3 h on i.m. administration. The concentrations of non-protein-bound cefodizime in blister fluid already exceeded the MIC for 90% of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains 10 min after i.v. injection and 20 to 30 min after the i.m. dose. At 6 h after each dose, active concentrations were still present in serum. The results suggest that cefodizime administered i.v. and i.m. has equivalent high cure rates in uncomplicated gonorrhea. This hypothesis should be tested further by a controlled clinical trial. If equivalent, i.v. administration excels because it is better tolerated locally.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ceftriaxone given repeatedly cures manifest syphilis in the rabbit.

Repeated intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone to rabbits with manifest syphilitic orchitis leads to clinical cure as does penicillin, given the serum levels reached are similar to the ones obtained clinically in man. Totally different to untreated controls the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) titers remain relatively low and later even tend to decrease further. Thus, it seems justified to start clinical trials on the definite role of ceftriaxone in the treatment of clinical syphilis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Influence of repeated washings with soap and synthetic detergents on pH and resident flora of the skin of forehead and forearm. Results of a cross-over trial in health probationers.

Ten healthy individuals washed their forehead and forearm twice a day over consecutive periods of four weeks with soap and synthetic detergents or vice versa (cross-over design). In general the pH values were higher during the period when soap was applied (the mean pH differed by 0.3 units, p less than 0.01). As a rule the counts of coagulase-negative staphylococci were not much altered. The number of propionibacteria, however, was markedly higher when soap was used (p = 0.02 and 0.01 resp.). At the forehead there was a clear correlation between bacterial counts and skin pH both with propionibacteria (0.56, p less than 0.001) and staphylococci (0.51, p less than 0.001). At the forearm only the former proved true (0.24, p less than 0.05). Thus the skin pH seems to be open to long-standing changes according to the preferred washing habits which may also be of major influence on the composition of the cutaneous bacterial flora.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Can the clinical efficacy of different antibiotic dosage regimens in gonorrhoea be predicted from the gonocidal effect of the corresponding plasma level profiles simulated in vitro?

Two different gonococcal strains with equal minimum inhibitory concentrations of ceftriaxone are exposed to continuously changing concentrations of this antibiotic simulating the ones found in man after the single intramuscular application of different doses (1,000, 250, 125, 50 and 25 mg). In general the bactericidal effect on both strains decreases more or less steadily with decreasing concentrations of ceftriaxone. One of the strains, however, shows a markedly dropped bactericidal effect as soon as the dosage is further reduced from 250 mg. These findings agree with previous experience from clinical dose-range finding studies. Thus the in vitro model presented here may be valuable for predicting both the optimum dosage and the clinical efficacy of new treatment protocols for gonorrhoea.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative evaluation of herpes virus detection using fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies and electron microscopy negative contrast technic in dermatovenereologic diseases. Results of a pilot study of 30 patients].

Thirty patients with different dermatologic and venereal symptoms apparently indicating herpes were examined for the presence of viruses. Two different procedures were compared: electron-microscopic analysis of negatively stained material and light-microscopic analysis of direct smears using fluorescence-labelled monoclonal mouse antibodies against herpesvirus type 1 and type 2. In 12 of the patients herpesvirus was demonstrated by at least one of the two methods: in 9 patients the specimens were positive with both methods; in 2 patients only light microscopy yielded evidence of virus material; in 1 case virus material was revealed only by electron microscopy. If electron-microscopic analysis of negatively stained clinical material is considered the standard method, the fluorescence test had a sensitivity and specificity of 90%. Thus, in the near future the latter technique may supersede the highly laborious electron-microscope method of investigation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Morphological changes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae induced by various subinhibitory concentrations of cefotiam.

A wide variety of morphological changes is induced in gonococci exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of cefotiam. The spectrum reaches from phenomena like enlargement or lysis of cells which can already be seen on the light microscopic level to others which can only be detected by ultrastructural analysis. Most of the changes rarely also occur during the life cycle of gonococci not exposed to an antibiotic. Yet they are more frequent and also more distinct even in the presence of rather low concentrations of cefotiam. The development of mixed (layered and tubular) and even further disorganized mesosomes, however, seems to be characteristic of antibiotic interference.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1987

[Long-term therapy of oligozoospermia with the aromatase inhibitor testolactone].

In a pilot study, 13 subfertile men with idiopathic normogonadotropic oligozoospermia were treated by the aromatase inhibitor testolactone for a period of 6 months. During the administration of 1 g testolactone daily, a significant increase in the sperm count, total sperm output and the absolute number of motile and progressively motile spermatozoa was observed 3 and 6 months after the initiation of therapy, but there were no significant changes in the percentage of motile and progressively motile spermatozoa, sperm morphology or ejaculate volume. The serum hormone levels of testosterone, LH, FSH and oestradiol were assessed before and during testolactone administration; there was a significant increase of testosterone and FSH after 1 and 3 months of treatment, but LH levels increased only during the 1st month of therapy. The oestradiol level showed a significant decrease, while the increase in testosterone/oestradiol ratio was more than twice as expected. The pregnancy rate was 17%. No severe side-effects were reported during testolactone therapy. The results of the study support the hypothesis that oestrogens are involved in the regulation of human spermatogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Uncomplicated gonorrhea and disseminated gonococcal infections--clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy].

Gonorrhoea is not only the oldest but also still one of the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases. Under therapeutic aspects it seems worthwhile to distinguish between uncomplicated and complicated forms. Uncomplicated gonorrhoea - urethritis being its most important variant - can be cured by adequate single injection treatment while complicated disease cannot. Disseminated infection is one of the major threats of gonococcal infection. The outcome is potentially fatal. Therapeutic considerations today have to take antibiotic-resistant or even multi-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeaestrains into account. Third-generation cephalosporins and second-generation quinolones represent potential alternatives to conventional agents.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Genital chlamydia infections--clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy].

Non-gonococcal urethritis and its counterpart in women have become the most frequent genital infection worldwide. As Chlamydia trachomatis is the major causative agent interest has focused on this bacterium. While genital chlamydial infection in men often is manifest the opposite holds true for women. Major complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease can nevertheless turn up. Therefore efficient diagnostic tools are badly needed. If tissue culture procedures are not available direct specimen tests can be performed using fluorescence labelled monoclonal antibodies. For therapy tetracyclines and erythromycin are still the drugs of choice although the cure rates are not totally acceptable. Therefore evaluation of the new quinolones deserves interest.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Cefodizime penetration into skin suction blister fluid following a single intravenous dose.

Cefodizime pharmacokinetics was investigated, evaluating drug concentrations in serum, skin suction blister fluid (SBF), saliva and urine in six healthy male subjects who were administered a 1-g dose intravenously. Serum levels in five subjects can be described according to a two-compartment open model; terminal half-life is 181 +/- 14 min. Volume of distribution (Vd beta) amounts to 15.3 +/- 1.61, serum clearance to 59 +/- 6 ml/min, renal clearance to 33 +/- 3 ml/min. Of the administered dose, 54% is renally excreted unchanged within 27 h. Unbound drug fraction in serum is 19.0% and in SBF 38.4%. Thus renal clearance of free cefodizime amounts to 172 ml/min, Vdss to 68.9 l (free drug). Whereas cefodizime has not been detected in saliva samples, SBF concentration 3-9 h post administration parallel serum levels, amounting to 40% of the respective serum concentration. At 9 h, unbound cefodizime concentrations in SBF amount to 1.4 +/- 0.4 micrograms/ml, this value being well above the MIC90% values of many clinically relevant bacteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains to different cephalosporins and penicillin G depends on the auxotype.

The relatively broad range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different cephalosporins and penicillin G with Neisseria gonorrhoeae results from the differing susceptibility of various subsets, i.e. auxotypes. While prototrophic and proline-dependent strains are especially resistant (p less than or equal to 0.001), AHU strains are especially susceptible. The bimodality of MIC values with penicillin G and the older cephalosporins, cephalothin and cefazoline, results from quite a big subset of relatively resistant prototrophic strains. As the newer cephalosporins from generation (e.g. cefotiam) to generation (e.g. cefmenoxime and ceftizoxime) tend to have less special problems with these strains, the general distribution of MIC values changes to monomodality.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1986

Bactericidal activity of cefotiam and ceftizoxime against Neisseria gonorrhoeae in an in vitro model simulating plasma and cantharidal blister fluid levels after the single intramuscular application of one gram.

Two gonococcal strains with differing susceptibility to cefotiam and ceftizoxime, as expressed by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), are exposed to continuously changing concentrations of these antibiotics as they are found in plasma and skin cantharidal blister fluid (CBF) after a single intramuscular application of 1 g. Under the conditions of the plasma level profiles, bacterial density is always greatly but not totally reduced, already during the first 1-1.5 h it declines by 99%. The effect is the more marked the quicker and higher the levels increase. In this respect, facing the less favorable CBF level profiles, a 99% reduction of gonococci takes much longer. While the degree of bacterial susceptibility plays no major role as long as the MIC is highly exceeded, as during invasion, it becomes important when the actual levels come more or less close to the MIC. Then the decline of bacterial density can slow down and even the maximum relative reduction can be affected. Under the condition of equivalent in vitro activity, the superior plasma kinetics of cefotiam leads to better antimicrobial activity, an effect no longer found facing similar CBF kinetics. This demonstrates the need for the inclusion of tissue level data, in so far as infection sites other than blood are simulated. The high degree of antigonococcal activity of the drug concentration time curves for plasma and CBF after cefotiam and ceftizoxime (1 g) allow the expected high cure rates in uncomplicated gonorrhoea.

Blister↗
PubMed1986

Comparative in vitro susceptibility of Treponema pallidum to ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone and penicillin G.

A procedure dating back to the early penicillin era is adapted in order to determine the activity of the new cephalosporins ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone against Treponema pallidum in vitro. While the well-known activity of penicillin G is confirmed for the virulent Nichols strain (0.002 micrograms/ml lead to 50% immobilisation) the new cephalosporins turn out to be almost as efficacious. The concentration of ceftizoxime leading to 50% inhibition amounts to 0.004 micrograms/ml. The corresponding figure for ceftriaxone is 0.01 micrograms/ml. The potential importance of these findings for the treatment of syphilis in man are discussed.

Animals↗