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Biomedical subjects

H Buchwald

Publications and source records attributed to H Buchwald.

229 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
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A rabbit model for implanting continuous drug infusion pumps.

This paper describes a surgical technique for implanting a readily available, human-sized drug infusion pump in rabbits. We developed this technique in order to expand uses of implantable infusion pump technology in the laboratory. The dog, which has been the research animal of choice in previous studies using implantable pumps, can now be replaced by smaller, less expensive animals for similar or other laboratory purposes. This technique can be of particular importance in the study of atherosclerosis where the dog is a poor model and the rabbit an excellent one. In 18 rabbits with inferior vena cava cannulations, we were able to obtain 100% survival and constant solution delivery for up to and greater than 6 months. This technique is safe and reproducible. By employing a simple catheter modification and using special pump anchoring precautions, we found that we could successfully use a human-sized device in rabbit studies. Commentary is also made concerning the relative contributions to patency and vein sclerosis of catheter diameter and the infusate media.

Animals↗
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Using mercury safely.

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Mercury Poisoning↗
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An implantable pump for long-term intravascular drug infusion.

A totally implantable infusion pump has been developed that can provide chronic, continuous, low-rate drug infusions in ambulatory patients. The device relies on vapor pressure for its power source, and thus needs no recharging other than periodic drug refills. It is implanted surgically under the skin of the chest or abdomen, with the delivery cannula placed in an appropriate blood vessel. Pumps implanted in this way have delivered heparin, 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, or other drugs in patients; some outpatients have received continuous intravenous heparin infusions for more than 4 years.

Animals↗
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Jejunoileal bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity.

With a reported mortality rate of less than 0.5%, and an immediate morbidity of 2% to 4%, jejunoileal bypass may result in a more significant weight loss than can be achieved with gastric bypass. Jejunoileal bypass cannot be outeaten, whereas gastric bypass can. Careful attention to preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative procedures will protect most jejunoileal bypass patients from both the side effects and complications of this surgical technique, allowing the morbidly obese to achieve the maximum benefit from intestinal bypass with fewer adverse results.

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Portable data acquisition and control apparatus for implanted drug infusion pump interrogation.

Now that implantable drug infusion pumps are well established clinically, methods for diagnosing suspected pump failures are needed. The authors previously constructed a benchtop data acquisition and control apparatus to assist our work in developing new pump technology. Although this device is technically capable of in vivo pump monitoring, it is cumbersome. Thus, they recently created a portable interrogation unit with more limited features. This portable pump interrogation apparatus consists of a 32 bit MS-DOS labtop computer, data acquisition software, an analog/ASCII interface, a pressure transducer, and appropriate fluid conduits. Communication between the device and the implanted pump is via a percutaneous needle puncture of the drug reservoir refill septum. This procedure is identical to that employed in a standard pump refill. Pump performance is evaluated by incrementally filling the pump reservoir while simultaneously measuring reservoir pressure. The resulting data are presented on the computer screen as a plot of pressure versus volume that quickly and simply either eliminates or confirms the reservoir pressure source as a failure mode. Diagnostic runs are saved on file for archival purposes. Their benchtop apparatus has been a valuable and reliable tool over many years of use. The authors believe that their portable apparatus will be equally beneficial.

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